Keywords: farewell to Cambridge; Artistic conception; Fine arts; poetic sentiment
Farewell to Cambridge is one of Xu Zhimo's famous works. 1in the summer of 928, the poet came to Cambridge again and revisited his old place, and the scene of his old life came to his eyes. So poetry flourished, and his emotional experience turned into a series of feelings and blended into the beautiful scenery of Cambridge.
Cambridge, which means a bridge of happiness and magnificence, is an academic, cultural and scenic spot in Britain. Xu Zhimo misses his life in Cambridge very much. He has repeatedly said, "Cambridge has taught me to broaden my horizons, my thirst for knowledge has been moved by Cambridge, and my self-awareness has been given to me by Cambridge." In Farewell to Cambridge, the poet shows his attachment to Cambridge, his yearning for past life and his helpless sadness at present in detail, which are sincere, rich and meaningful.
The whole poem consists of seven sections, taking the emotional ups and downs when leaving Cambridge as a clue, expressing the deep affection for Cambridge's departure.
I left quietly,
When I came softly;
I waved gently,
Say goodbye to the western clouds.
Even with three words of "tenderness", the real scene where the poet came alone and quietly left revealed feelings that were hard to give up; The slightly jumping rhythm shows a slowly drifting image, showing the poet's elegant and free manner, which sets the lyric tone for the whole poem.
Golden willow by the river,
Is the bride in the sunset,
Shadows in the waves,
Ripple in my heart.
Green grass on the soft mud,
Oily, swaying at the bottom of the water;
In the gentle waves of He Kang River,
I would like to be an aquatic plant!
A pool in the shade of elm trees,
Not a clear spring, but a rainbow in the sky.
Crushed between floating algae,
Precipitate a rainbow-like dream.
In the above three sections, the poet chose three images of golden willow, green grass and pond water to render and express his attachment to Cambridge. Here, the meanings of Liu Jin, Tsing Yi and He Kang should be understood from two levels. From the first level, it is a landscape, and from the second level, it is a metaphor. Three images suggest a deeper emotional world: nostalgia for Cambridge life and past dreams.
The setting sun coated the willow branches with gold, and the gold branches swayed with the wind and reflected in the water. The beautiful shadow in this wave ripples in the water and in the poet's heart. In the poet's mind, this beautiful shadow is as beautiful, elegant and gentle as the bride.
In the gentle water waves, the green grass swayed gently, as if waving to the poet to welcome him back. For the poet, Cambridge is a sacred place in his heart, and the aquatic plants can bear the caress of the clear waves of the Hekang River, which makes the poet envious. The poet is also willing to be an aquatic plant to bear the love of He Kanghe.
A pool of spring water was originally green, the sunset reflected the pool water, the elm reflected the pool water, and reflected it among the floating algae. Inverting the rainbow in the sky, like a rainbow, precipitated the poet's past dreams. Although it is crushed, it is still beautiful, like a rainbow.
Looking for dreams? Lift a long pole,
Go back to greener grass.
Full of stars,
Play songs in a starry place.
In the fifth section, the poet's feelings reached a climax, and his happiness also reached the peak. The poet revisited the old place with the "wishful thinking" of rediscovering his old dreams. As in those years, he propped up a boat and swam back to the depths of a lush river in search of a rainbow-like dream when he was young. I also hope that, as in those years, my classmates and friends will go home with stars and sing loudly.
But I can't play songs,
Quiet is a farewell flute;
Summer insects are also silent for me.
Silence is Cambridge tonight!
But can dreams be found? The poet found no old friends. The realistic situation and personnel changes make the originally melancholy poet unable to be happy. Lost dreams can't be recovered, he can't sing, so he has to be silent and appreciate the sadness of parting in silence. Even the summer insects in the green grass seem to feel the feeling of parting and keep silent for the poet. Cambridge, once happy, is silent tonight, and everything is silent for the departure of the poet.
This passage is a turning point in poetry. When the artistic conception of the whole poem reaches its climax, this turning point makes the poetic realm still silent and makes the artistic conception of the whole poem gloomy and deep.
If you want to ask the reason for this bitter emotion, it is generally because his ideal life and emotional pursuit have been frustrated again and again. Xu Zhimo has long been educated by the British and American bourgeoisie. In fact, his ideal is a mixture of bourgeois democracy and utopian socialism in Britain and America. However, in old China, where warlords were fighting, his political ideal could not be realized. As a pioneer poet of China bourgeoisie, his heart is full of sadness. On the other hand, Xu Zhimo pursued personality liberation and opposed feudal ethics. His pursuit of love is passionate, earnest, bold and frank. However, the disillusionment of ideals and the loss of love make this "pioneer" poet of China bourgeoisie and the "last poet" of China bourgeoisie only "heartbroken in the sadness of dreams".
When writing "Farewell to Cambridge", it may be that his distress is close to the deepest, so it is also the time when he is most likely to fantasize; Only with the support of fantasy, can he have the courage to find old dreams, the passion to shape this unspeakable heart into poetry, and he can show an elegant and chic posture.
I left quietly,
Just as I came quietly;
I waved my sleeve,
Don't take away a cloud.
The poet finally left quietly. "Quiet" can be understood as the poet's unwillingness to speak out for his old dreams and to let people know his complicated situation and complicated heart; In addition, quietness also means loneliness. Farewell to Cambridge is a farewell to a poet with pure feelings and his secret emotional world. "Don't take away a cloud", on the one hand, shows the poet's free and easy; On the other hand, I want Cambridge, an emotional world with dreams around the soul, to be preserved with the most complete appearance.
Generally speaking, this poem expresses the poet's attachment and cherish to the old dream through the description and metaphor of the scenery in Cambridge, and also expresses the frustration and loneliness in the dream-seeking. Under the elegant and free-and-easy posture, there is deep melancholy and unspeakable depression.
In the history of China's new poetry, Xu Zhimo is a poet with different reputations. With 1927 as the boundary, his poetry creation can be divided into two periods. Early creation pursues the ideal of light and freedom, praises nature and advocates individual liberation, which runs through the ideological clues of patriotism, anti-feudalism and humanism and reflects the spirit of the May 4th Movement to some extent. Although there are many positive articles in his later poems, the distance between the development trend of China society and his bourgeois ideal is getting bigger and bigger, so he is depressed, suspicious and disappointed, showing a strong tendency of depression and pessimism, and his thoughts are in a state of contradiction and confusion. Among his poems, the most distinctive ones are those from the heart and some of his lyric poems. Farewell to Cambridge is a masterpiece in this respect. This poem is actually an aesthetic category that has some connection with the modern trend of thought of personality liberation. From this perspective, Farewell to Cambridge has positive social significance.
Xu Zhimo's passionate pursuit of "love", "freedom" and "beauty" and the harmony between "man" and "nature" complement each other with his chic and ethereal personality and unrestrained talent, forming the unique artistic style of Xu Zhimo's poems.
First of all, novel conception is one of its characteristics. First of all, the poet avoided the farewell object of general farewell poems and bid farewell to "the clouds in the western sky". Secondly, the poet created a special farewell atmosphere. Third, the unique image choice.
Secondly, the conciseness of artistic expression is another feature. The poet chose only a few representative images to express his rich, complex and unspeakable feelings concisely and concisely, and really reached the artistic realm of "simplifying the complex and simplifying the Sanqiu tree".
Thirdly, in artistic form, poetry has the beauty of music, painting and architecture advocated by Wen Yiduo. Pay attention to the beauty of architecture in the arrangement of poetic lines, which are scattered and orderly in the uneven changes; Every verse of the poem rhymes and changes rhyme section by section, usually three times per line, pursuing syllable fluctuation and rhythm, which has a strong musical beauty; Almost every section of the Seven Wonders contains a picture that can be drawn. Poets use colorful words and action words to bring people the enjoyment of visual beauty and the three-dimensional sense of flow. This established the position of Biekangqiao in Xu's poems.
References:
[1], Li, Farewell to Cambridge and Xu Zhimo's mental journey. Journal of Jinzhou Normal University, 2003.
[2] Li. Man is like a man, and poetry is like a man-appreciation of Biekang Bridge by Xu Zhimo. Social perspective, 2004.
The picture can't be uploaded, please understand.