This disease is closely related to the deficiency of qi and blood in the body, and it is more important to adjust the diet. Try to diversify food, eat more high protein, multivitamins, low animal fat, digestible food, fresh fruits and vegetables, avoid spicy food, avoid smoking and drinking, avoid eating high-salt and high-fat food, and avoid drinking strong tea. Avoid staying up late, pay more attention to rest, avoid too much emotional change, and exercise moderately.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:

Treatment:

1. Stable phase therapy

Non-drug treatments can be used: smoking cessation, exercise or lung rehabilitation training, influenza vaccination and pneumonia vaccine.

2. Rehabilitation treatment

Such as physical therapy and high-pressure negative ion oxygen therapy, are beneficial to the recovery of lung function in COPD patients.

3. Psychological adjustment

Good mood helps patients to face the disease positively, increase the compliance of treatment, establish good interpersonal relationships, and is more conducive to the rehabilitation of the disease.

4. Diet regulation

Eat more fruits and vegetables, such as meat, fish, eggs, milk, beans and buckwheat. Talk less when eating, take a deep breath and eat slowly. Fat people should lose weight, thin people should strengthen nutrition and eat less and more meals.

5. Long-term family oxygen therapy

If you have respiratory failure, it is recommended to take oxygen at low flow for a long time, exceeding 15 hours a day.

6. Drug therapy

The existing drug therapy can alleviate or eliminate patients' symptoms, improve activity endurance, reduce the number and severity of acute attacks and improve their health. Inhalation therapy is the first choice. Educating patients to use all kinds of inhalers correctly and explaining the purpose and effect of treatment are helpful for patients to persist in treatment.

(1) Bronchodilators There are three kinds of bronchodilators commonly used in clinic, β2 receptor agonists, cholinergic receptor blockers and methylxanthine, and their combined application has a synergistic effect.

(2) Inhalation of glucocorticoid has a history of repeated deterioration and severe airway obstruction. FEV 1 < 50% patients can inhale glucocorticoid.

(3) expectorants, antitussive expectorants are only used for sputum that is difficult to cough, and it is not recommended to use them regularly. Antitussive drugs may not be conducive to expectoration and should be used with caution.

(4) Antioxidants: N- acetylcysteine, carboxymethyl stein and other antioxidants can dilute expectorant, make sputum easy to cough up, and reduce the frequency of repeated aggravation of diseases.

7. Acute exacerbation treatment

(1) The goal of oxygen inhalation is to maintain 88%~92% oxygen saturation.

(2) Bronchodilators Inhale short-acting bronchodilators, such as ipratropium bromide and salbutamol.

(3) The whole body glucocorticoid gold guide 2065438+2004 updated edition recommended the use of methylprednisolone for 5 days.

(4) Anti-infective drugs need to be used in the following three situations: increased dyspnea, increased sputum volume and expectoration; Symptoms such as increased pus and phlegm; Need mechanical ventilation.

prevent

1. Quit smoking

Smoking is the main risk factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and it is difficult to achieve good results only through drug treatment without removing the cause. Therefore, the key measure to prevent the occurrence and development of COPD is to quit smoking.

Reduce the inhalation of occupational dust and chemical substances. Workers exposed to occupational dust, such as coal mines, metal mines, cotton textile industry, chemical industry and some mechanical processing, should do a good job in labor protection.

2. Reduce indoor air pollution

Avoid burning biofuels in poorly ventilated spaces, such as burning wood for cooking, making a fire indoors to keep warm and passive smoking.

3. Prevention and treatment of respiratory tract infection

Actively prevent and treat upper respiratory tract infection. Inject influenza vaccine in autumn and winter; Avoid going to crowded places; Keep the indoor air fresh; Upper respiratory tract infection should be treated actively.

Strengthen exercise

Choose the exercise mode that suits you according to your own situation, such as walking, jogging, swimming, climbing stairs, climbing mountains, playing Tai Ji Chuan, dancing, lifting a few pounds with both hands, exhaling when lifting, etc.

5. Respiratory function exercise

An important goal of treating COPD patients is to maintain good lung function. Only by maintaining good lung function can patients have better mobility and good quality of life. Therefore, the exercise of respiratory function is very important. Patients can exercise lung function by doing breathing yoga, breathing exercises, deep slow abdominal resistance breathing exercises (with the help of Fei Dekang), singing, whistling, playing flute and so on.

6. Cold-resistant exercise

Decreased cold tolerance can lead to repeated upper respiratory tract infections in COPD patients, so cold tolerance is equally important for COPD patients. Patients can wash their faces with cold water from summer; Insist on outdoor activities and other ways to exercise cold tolerance every day.