In 2022, the geographical proposition of the college entrance examination insisted on implementing the fundamental task of Lide Shu Ren, and implemented the "double reduction" of services to promote the improvement of students' quality. Continue the style of proposition in recent years, ensure a relatively stable question structure, appropriately control the amount of information in words and charts, and rationally distribute all kinds of test papers with different difficulty levels, so that students have a sense of familiarity and acquisition.
1, dig deep into the ideological and political elements of the curriculum and implement the fundamental task of moral education.
1. 1 Show the new look of the times and inspire national pride.
The test questions focus on the background that the task of getting rid of poverty in the new era is completed on schedule and the rural revitalization is comprehensively promoted. Select the outstanding achievements made by relying on their own characteristics and superior resources to enhance the endogenous development momentum as a case, create test questions, and enhance students' sense of national pride, social responsibility and mission of the times. Questions 4 ~ 6 in Volume B of the National Volume show that Dangxiong County in Lhasa has embarked on a road of industrial poverty alleviation with regional characteristics and modern characteristics, and examined students' understanding of the natural environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and their understanding of relying on the natural environment to develop agricultural production. Question 43 of the national volume A focuses on the open "Ecological Museum" of Yanfeng ancient terraces, guiding students to think about the innovative development of historical and cultural heritage tourist destinations.
1.2 Based on the relationship between man and land, establish the concept of ecological civilization
Regional development, climate change and environmental pollution closely related to ecological civilization construction and sustainable development are selected as test materials to guide students to pay attention to the opportunities and challenges faced by all mankind from the perspective of the relationship between man and land. The analysis of question 36 in the first volume of the country shows that Switzerland promotes the development of regional characteristics according to local conditions under the relatively unfavorable conditions of its natural resources and environment; Question 36 of the national volume B discusses the problem of alleviating the shortage of fresh water resources in Israel through seawater desalination; The national volume A, question 37, pays attention to a serious sandstorm event experienced by Australia; Question 44 of National Volume A focuses on the environmental pollution caused by polychlorinated biphenyls in a lake in the United States, and guides students to understand the significance of coordinating the relationship between man and land and starting a new journey of high-quality human development.
1.3 Infiltrate "Five Education" and Promote All-round Development
On the basis of deepening the examination of moral education and intellectual education, the examination questions guide students to strengthen aesthetic education and labor education, aiming at promoting students' aesthetic ability and labor consciousness and striving to grow into a pillar of the country with all-round development. Question 43 of the national volume B requires students to understand that the observation deck can meet the aesthetic needs of tourists, dialectically analyze the influence of the observation deck as a tourist landscape on tourists' aesthetics, and enhance students' ability to discover, appreciate and evaluate beauty in tourism activities. The sixth question in the first volume of the country involves agricultural activities with ecological significance in the process of agricultural structural adjustment, which enhances students' understanding of agricultural production and labor and cultivates students' awareness of paying attention to and respecting labor.
2. Guide the return to the essence of education and help promote "double reduction"
2. 1 Deepen the basic connotation and commit to the implementation of curriculum standards.
The examination questions emphasize the profound understanding of the basic knowledge stipulated in the curriculum standards, the flexible application of basic methods and abilities, and guide teaching to set teaching objectives, implement teaching contents and reform teaching methods according to the curriculum standards; Encourage students to grasp the key points of study according to the curriculum standards, overcome the learning difficulties, and constantly improve their confidence in exams. Question 9 of the national volume B guides students to use the basic method of "recognizing common weather symbols" required by the compulsory education curriculum standard to judge the changes of wind power and direction in the problem situation, which provides support for analyzing the problem in combination with the principle of thermodynamic cycle learned in high school, and emphasizes that only by consolidating basic knowledge and basic ability can we be stable and far-reaching.
2.2 Highlight the diversity of problems and pay attention to the sense of innovation.
Through a variety of questions, the openness and dialectics of the questions are strengthened, the students' innovative consciousness is stimulated in the process of comprehensive analysis and problem solving, the teaching is guided to pay attention to the cultivation of students' thinking ability, and the learning and review preparation mode that leads to the rigidity and solidification of students' thinking, such as pursuing standard answers and summarizing answering routines, is broken. Question 37 (4) of National Grade A is a minor problem. Through open questions, students are encouraged to put forward clear and reasonable scientific viewpoints, conduct well-founded analysis and argumentation, and guide students to jump out of the stereotype of rote memorization and stimulate their thinking vitality on the basis of respecting scientific planning and core values. Through a series of advanced and creative questions, Question 37 of Volume B of the National Volume requires students to describe, summarize and compare the direction and range of coastline changes in different places, guide students to break through the mindset that "climate warming will inevitably lead to sea level rise", promote teaching, and strengthen the cultivation of students' scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts, thinking method of concrete analysis of specific problems and innovative spirit of daring to break through.
2.3 Optimize the creation of situations to serve the solution of practical problems.
Geography test questions widely select real questions in production practice and learning exploration to create situations, and examine students' ability to analyze and solve real questions in combination with practice, so as to overcome the problem-solving tendency of simple rote memorization and "mechanical brushing". The national volume A 1 ~ 3 designs the production practice situation of a manufacturing enterprise in China for transnational industrial transfer, and examines students' understanding and understanding of Chinese enterprises seeking advantageous location through "going out" in the process of becoming bigger and stronger. Questions 7 ~ 8 of the national volume A create a learning and exploration situation according to the coastline changes in a certain area for more than a hundred years, and investigate the characteristics and reasons why students use scientific evidence to judge the coastline changes over the years.
3. Highlighting the discipline literacy idea to ensure the smooth transition of reform.
3. 1 pay attention to comprehensive thinking and cultivate a sense of scale.
Based on different elements, different scales and development and evolution process, the test questions comprehensively, systematically and dynamically analyze the regional geographical environment and its relationship with human activities, and guide students to develop comprehensive thinking literacy. With the help of the case of seawater desalination in Israel, this paper comprehensively analyzes the site selection conditions and impacts of seawater desalination plants from geographical location, climate, resources, population and other factors, and guides students to understand the integrity of geographical things and the complexity of the relationship between people and land from the perspective of multi-factor integration. The title 1 1 of the national volume B focuses on the characteristics of the pressure field on a larger scale, analyzes the differences and connections of geographical phenomena on different spatial scales, and guides students to deepen their understanding of the concept of scale and understand the comprehensive, complex and differential effects of different scales on geographical phenomena in the same region.
3.2 Expand regional cognition and lead in-depth teaching.
Based on different types of regions, the examination questions analyze regional geographical events in different time and space backgrounds from the perspectives of regional characteristics, regional correlation and regional development, so as to cultivate students to understand the geographical environment from the regional perspective and establish the concept of promoting regional development according to local conditions. Title 9 ~ 1 1 of the national volume A, based on the topographic features of "Hang Gai grassland", requires to analyze the effects of mountains, gentle slopes and flat valleys on the formation of high-quality grassland, so as to integrate the regional combination value, water cycle principle and the relationship between biology and environment, and show a unique perspective of regional cognition. The national volume B 1 ~ 3, taking the population changes in the central city and outside the central city of four first-tier cities in China from 20/kloc-0 to 2020 as cases, analyzes the characteristics of urban population changes under the background of rapid urbanization in China, and guides students to think about the direction of regional sustainable development.
3.3 Strengthen geographical practice and improve scientific literacy.
The test questions focus on the students' ability to obtain and process complex geographic information with the help of charts, as well as their ability to design and implement geographic investigation activities. Questions 7 ~ 8 of the national volume B give the relationship diagram between water level and discharge during the two floods of the Yellow River, and examine students' ability to analyze complex geographic information by using graphic data. Question 44 of the National Volume A, using the case of long-term residual polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) pollutants in fish in a lake in the United States, guides students to conduct targeted investigations on wild resources and environment.