As a basic cultural course in secondary vocational schools-Chinese course, it should be said that it occupies an important position in the whole subject system of secondary vocational schools. "Chinese Teaching Syllabus for Secondary Vocational Schools" points out: "Chinese is one of the main required cultural courses for students and a basic tool course. It is both a basic course and a tool course. " "Chinese teaching plays an important role in improving students' ideological and political quality, scientific and cultural quality, learning all subjects well, forming comprehensive professional ability and entrepreneurial ability, and continuing to learn and develop. "In recent years, the situation of Chinese education in secondary vocational schools is not optimistic. On the one hand, the quality of students in secondary vocational schools is generally not high, the entrance score is low, and the foundation of cultural courses is weak; On the other hand, students in secondary vocational schools are generally not enthusiastic about cultural classes, lack sufficient attention and have no interest in learning, and think that cultural classes are dispensable and insignificant. However, from a macro point of view, Chinese class is the foundation of other disciplines. Compared with ordinary high school students, secondary vocational school students need to strengthen quality education, comprehensively improve their language expression ability, oral communication ability and writing level, and enhance their humanistic quality. However, for many years, Chinese teaching in secondary vocational schools still follows the teaching mode of ordinary high schools to a great extent, which is seriously divorced from students' reality. With the great development of vocational education today, the reform of Chinese teaching in secondary vocational schools is imminent. The author believes that the reform of Chinese teaching in secondary vocational schools should start from the following aspects:
First of all, the personal display unit-show yourself.
It can be done by reading famous books, telling idiom stories, telling philosophical fables, commenting on news and current affairs, and impromptu speeches in 1 ~ 3 minutes before class. Students in secondary vocational schools generally have a certain inferiority complex because of their poor learning foundation and bad behavior habits, and most of them come from rural areas, and their Putonghua foundation is poor. After studying in school for 2-3 years, most of them will soon enter the society and become professionals. Therefore, it is important to cultivate students' comprehensive quality, train students' language expression ability and Putonghua level, improve students' thinking, language organization and adaptability, show their own style, and lay a solid foundation for better going to society and adapting to society in the future. For example, in the speech session, after each student finishes his speech, the next student first comments on the previous student's speech from the aspects of expression, language and behavior; At the same time, after a speech, the teacher should point out the advantages and disadvantages of the students' speech. Of course, we must first affirm the advantages of each student, and then comment on some shortcomings with ease and humor, supplemented by demonstrations.
Second, the basic teaching unit-exercise yourself
1, wonderful introduction. Lead-in means that before teaching a new lesson, teachers carefully design a short (about three minutes) lesson lead-in related to the text content according to the specific characteristics of the textbook. The forms can be flexible and diverse, such as situational lead-in, story lead-in, music lead-in, video lead-in, famous sentence lead-in, suspense lead-in and so on. This move aims to stimulate students' interest in learning content, attract students' attention, stimulate students' strong desire for knowledge, and make students' thinking activities show a positive state.
2. Overall perception. The article is a whole at first, so in teaching, students should be guided to have an overall macro grasp of the article as a whole. Through the preliminary understanding and grasp of the article as a whole, they can master the basic knowledge and make clear the context of the article. In this link, teachers can carry out the following teaching contents: show the writer's works and writing background, emphasize the difficulty in sound, form and meaning, analyze the structure of the article, grasp the general idea and sort out the ideas of the article. In the way, we can mainly adopt autonomous learning, with students answering and teachers adding clear answers. There are many ways to answer questions, in the form of individuals, groups and classes. This link should lay a good knowledge foundation for the next cooperative exploration.
3. Cooperative exploration. "Cooperative inquiry" is the center and soul of educational reform, and it is also the fundamental difference from traditional teaching. Through cooperative inquiry, the learning process is more a process in which students discover, ask, analyze and solve problems, and a learning style aimed at cultivating innovative spirit and practical ability is constructed, so that the whole classroom is full of fun of discovery and inquiry. 4. Expansion and extension. "Life belongs to China people, and China people are life.
"The new curriculum actively advocates the concept of" from textbooks, higher than textbooks "and carries out secondary" processing "of textbooks, that is, adjusting textbooks, supplementing textbooks and expanding textbooks. Extension is based on the text, focusing on the theme, teaching objectives, key points and difficulties of the text, breaking through the limitations of the "text" and effectively expanding and surpassing the text.
5. Summary on the blackboard. "It is very important to weave baskets and weave baskets." Summary is the crowning touch of a class. According to Ebbinghaus's memory curve, it is helpful for learners to recall and feel what they have learned as soon as possible. The summary of blackboard writing can be carried out by students and teachers respectively to summarize the key points of this lesson. Students will first display the abstracts on the blackboard in groups to deepen their understanding of the content of the article. Teachers should also summarize the article and point out the main points of this lesson again to further deepen students' memory. The summary should be concise, systematic and focused; Forms should be flexible and diverse, and poetry, calligraphy and painting can be parallel. For example, students majoring in computer science can also show it in the form of word documents or slides.
6. Two-way questions. Asking questions is the motive force to promote students' further development. "Two-way questioning" includes two steps: teachers asking students and students asking teachers. First, teachers ask students questions, that is, teachers evaluate students' knowledge mastery through questions and exercises, and teachers can also carry out 1 ~ 3 minutes of intensive training on key paragraphs and wonderful paragraphs in the text within a limited time; Second, students ask questions to teachers, that is, after learning this article, students can ask questions independently according to the content and related viewpoints of this article, and teachers can answer questions, so that the learning process becomes a process in which students discover, ask, analyze and solve problems.
Third, the activity class unit-self-improvement
The ideal Chinese class should introduce extracurricular resources into the classroom, lead classroom learning to extracurricular activities, widely carry out Chinese activity classes in Chinese teaching in secondary vocational schools, and build an open classroom. There are various forms of Chinese activity classes, and teachers can choose and use them flexibly according to the content of the text and the actual situation of students, which varies from place to place. For example:
1, competition type. Competitions can be held at any time in different regions and different occasions, and the forms are not limited, such as poetry recitation competitions, idioms solitaire, aphorisms, new fables, debate competitions, teaching material drama exhibition competitions, etc.
2. Performance type. Including teaching material drama performance, self-created fable story performance, sketch drama performance and so on. In the form of expression, cold and monotonous books can be made vivid and sensible. On the one hand, it can strengthen the understanding and memory of the text, on the other hand, it can cultivate students' creative thinking, enhance their self-confidence and enhance their humanistic quality.
3. Debate and discussion. "Debate produces wisdom". In the Chinese activity class, we can often hold some small debates and seminars, and the topics can be aimed at some viewpoints and current affairs topics in the textbook. For example, after learning the article "Encounter on the Train", we can start a big discussion on "What kind of professionalism a professional should have".
4. comprehensive type. Comprehensive type is a combination of competitions, performances, surveys and other forms, such as traditional festivals, Heluo history, workplace life and other Chinese comprehensive activity classes.
In a word, Chinese is the unity of instrumentality and humanism. As a Chinese teacher, we should not only instill knowledge, but also become a guide for students to fully display themselves, exercise themselves and improve themselves. We should turn Chinese classroom into a "dynamic" classroom for independent inquiry, a "big classroom" for integrating into social life, a "beautiful" classroom for enjoying learning, attaching importance to learning and cultivating sentiment, improve students' Chinese ability, ability to find and solve problems, improve students' cultural literacy, political literacy and sound personality literacy, enrich and strengthen students' professional literacy, provide support and services for professional teaching, and train students to do better.
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