original text
People with corrupt husbands [1] do things from top to bottom, from the first to the latter. It is because the father is unkind, the son is unfilial, the brother is disrespectful, and the husband is unjust that women are unhappy. If the father is kind and the son is disobedient, the brother and friend are proud, and the husband is righteous and the wife is mausoleum [2], then the murderer in heaven will take it by punishment [3] and not by discipline.
If anger is wasted at home, the vertical axis [4] is too vertical; If the penalty is lost, the people will be at a loss [5]. The breadth of running a family is fierce and the country is also.
Confucius said: "luxury is not grandchildren, frugality is solid [6];" It is better to be practical than to have no grandchildren. "Another cloud said," If the beauty of Zhou Gong's talent [7] makes him arrogant and stingy, the rest is not enough. "However, you can be frugal and don't be stingy. Those who are thrifty, saving contracts is also called ceremony; Miser is poor and anxious. Today, giving is luxury, frugality is meanness; If you can give without extravagance, you can be frugal and generous.
The foundation of people's livelihood is to raise [8] and eat. Sang Ma's clothes, the livestock of fruits and vegetables, are produced in the garden: the goodness of chickens and dolphins [9] is born in the circle. So, Dong Yu's equipment, Su Qiao [10] fat candle, is not a kind of planting thing? In order to keep his business, he can make a living behind closed doors, but there is no salt well at home. Today, the customs of the northern soil can be frugal, frugal and worry-free; Although Jiangnan is luxurious, it is not surprising.
Liang in the book [1 1] is too strict with family management. Then wives and concubines share things with assassins and kill them when they are drunk. Celebrities in the world are generous; As for the catering allowance, the loss of servants, Shi Huirannuo [12], the wife's frugality, insulting guests and infringing on hardworking villagers [13]: this is also the giant moth of the family [14]. Fang Wenlie, assistant minister of the official department of the State of Qi [15], was not angry. After the rain, he was deprived of food, sent a maid to cook, and escaped for three or four days before he was caught back. Xu Fang said, "The whole family has no food. Where are you from? " No beatings. Try to send people [16], handmaiden's home, [17] for the salary slightly, smell frown [18], the pawn has nothing to say.
Pei Yezi [19] adopts those who are hungry and unable to help themselves. My family is poor, and when there are floods and droughts, two stone meters are porridge, so I can only live, bow my head, and often enjoy it. There is a leader [20] under his command, insatiable, with 800 sons and an inch of oath; Every morning and evening, everyone cooks at the rate of 15 yuan. When there are tourists, it is even more difficult to take care of both. After sitting in the back, he was in trouble. With the property, Ma Xie has a house and clothes, and the rest of the baby can't be said.
There is a man in Nanyang who lives in Aobo (2 1) and is extremely frugal. After the winter solstice, his son-in-law came to visit him, so he set up a copper pot (22) and sprinkled meat into several cups (23). I hate my single rate, it's done overnight. The master was startled, and the pitch (24) benefited him all his life, and so on and so forth; Instead, he blamed his daughter and said, "A certain lang is easy to spill, so you are poor." After his death, the philosophers fought for money, and his brother killed his younger brother.
To annotate ...
[1] Weathering, education, influence.
[2] Ling: Pass "Ling" and invade.
[3] Figure: Being "awed" makes people afraid.
[4] Vertical child: minor.
[5] Medium: appropriate. Measure: placement.
[6] Sun: I obey Xun. Solid: mean.
[7] Duke Zhou: Ji Dan. Zhou Wenwang's son, who helped my nephew become a king, has made great achievements and is a model figure of Confucian ethics.
[8] farming. Planting and sowing grain; Harvest grain.
[9] Good: Understanding "diet" and diet.
Su Qiao: Firewood.
[1 1] Chinese official: official name, official of Zhongshu province, responsible for drafting imperial edicts, which are classified and have great power.
[12] Rannuo: A promise.
[13] Hometown Party: Neighbor.
[14] Moth: This refers to a moth, which is extended to someone or something that harms the family.
[15] Fang Wenlie: Zuo Changshi, the official to Situ in Nanqi, the son of Fang Jingbo, a native of Wucheng in the east of Qing Dynasty, is famous all over the world because of his father and brother's longevity. Wen is strong and gentle and never gets angry. Zi Shanji, an official of the Sui Dynasty, served as assistant minister in the palace and was famous for his ability.
[16] Send someone home.
[17] car: opening and withdrawing means dismantling.
[18] frown (píncú): frown and frown, unhappy.
[19] Pei: (469-530), with few words, was born in the Southern Song Dynasty in the fifth year of Taishi (469) and died in the second year of Datong (530). He was born in Hedong (now wenxi county) and was delighted. Pei Yezi was born in a noble family. His great-grandfather Pei Songzhi was a doctor in the Southern Song Dynasty. He made notes for the History of the Three Kingdoms. His grandfather Pei Qian was a foreign soldier in Nanqi. After joining the army, he wrote a collection of historical records. They are all famous historians. Pei was an official in the Qi and Liang Dynasties, but a writer at that time, responsible for compiling national history and giant notes. Later, he served as the general manager of Chinese books, wrote letters in his palm, and was soon transferred to assistant minister of Chinese books. In the first year of Liang Datong (527), he served as an infantry captain. In 530, Zhongtong Datong died at the age of 62. A famous historian and writer in the Southern Dynasties. He is the author of 20 volumes of Song Law, and a famous literary theory work "Carving Insects".
[20] In the summer night, there was a leader: Yecheng, now Zhanghe River in Linzhang County, Hebei Province, was one of the prosperous metropolises in the Central Plains during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. After Zhao, the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the Northern Qi Dynasty successively established their capitals here, and Cao Cao used it as the political center of the North in Wei Dynasty. A province leads a general, called a senior official.
[2 1] Aobo: It refers to deep storage and wide accumulation.
[22] Ou: wine container.
[23] Heng: Cut into pieces.
[24] pitch: Deal with it.
[25] Lang: In the Six Dynasties, husbands were called Lang. Chang: Dragon.
translate
Educational influence is carried out from top to bottom, and predecessors influence future generations. Therefore, if the father is not kind, the children will not be filial; If the elder brother is unfriendly, the younger brother will be disrespectful; A husband is heartless, but a wife is disobedient. A father loves his son, a brother loves his brother, but he is stubborn and arrogant. A husband is kind and his wife is fierce, that is, he is born fierce, and he can only be intimidated by punishment, not disciplined.
If corporal punishment is abolished within the family, the child's fault will immediately appear; If the punishment is not used properly, the people will not know what to do, and so will the smelter.
Confucius said, "extravagance is disrespectful, and frugality is stingy." It is better to be modest than to be disobedient. Confucius also said: "If a person has the talent of the Duke of Zhou, but as long as he is stingy, then other directions are unreasonable. "So you have to be frugal and don't be stingy. Thrift means saving money in line with etiquette; Being stingy means not helping the poor and needy. Now those who are willing to give alms are extravagant, and those who can be frugal are stingy. If we can be willing to give alms but not extravagant, frugal but not stingy, that would be great.
People's life is based on sowing in spring and harvesting in autumn, and growing mulberry and spinning hemp to get clothes. The accumulation of vegetables and fruits depends on the production of orchards and gardens; Chicken, pork and other delicious foods are produced in chicken coops and pigsty. Until the house, firewood and grease candles, there is nothing that is not the product of farming and breeding. The people who are the best at managing the family don't go out and have enough goods to make a living, but they still lack a salt well at home. At present, the northern region can generally scrimp and save to ensure food and clothing; Most of the luxuries in the south of the Yangtze River can't catch up with those in the north in frugality and housekeeping.
When Liang Chaoxiao was in Yuan Di, there was a calligrapher in China. He didn't have a certain family style and was too harsh on his family. The wives and concubines jointly bribed the assassin and killed him when he was drunk. Some celebrities in the world only pay attention to generosity and kindness, so that the food given to guests is reduced by servants, the things that promised to help relatives and friends are controlled by wives, and even things that insult guests and occupy villages happen from time to time. This is also a major shortcoming of the family. Fang Wenlie, assistant minister of the official department of the Qi Dynasty, never got angry. It rained for several days in a row, and all the food at home was eaten up. Fang Wenlie sent a maid to buy rice, and the maid took the opportunity to escape. It took three or four days to catch her. Fang Wenlie just said to her gently, "The whole family has nothing to eat. Where have you been? " I didn't even hit her Fang Wenlie once lent his house to others. This handmaiden tore down the house for firewood, and it's almost done. He frowned when he heard this and said nothing.
Pei Yezi adopted all distant relatives who were hungry and unable to save themselves. His family is poor and poor. In case of floods and droughts, two stone meters of rice are cooked into porridge, which is only enough for everyone to drink. He drinks porridge with everyone and never shows a complaining expression. Ye has a leader who is too greedy for money. There are 800 child servants in his family, and he vowed to make up 1000. The meal fee for each person in the morning and evening is based on fifteen pence, and the guests will add a little more when they come. Later, when he was brought to justice, the court sent someone to confiscate his property, and found that he had a room full of Ma Xie, rotten clothes in several warehouses, and the rest of the treasure was endless. There is a man in Nanyang who has accumulated rich wealth, but his nature is particularly stingy. One year after the winter, the son-in-law of Solstice visited him, and he took out a small copper basin of wine and a few pieces of roe deer meat to entertain him. The son-in-law blamed him for being simple and dull, and ate and drank all the wine and meat in one breath. Nanyang man was so frightened that he had to cope with asking the servant to add a little, so he added it twice. After coming down, he blamed his daughter and said, "Your man loves to drink, so you are always poor." After his death, several sons competed for family fortune, and the elder brother actually killed his younger brother.
original text
The wife gave [1] in the feedback, but it was just a gift of dining tables and clothes. The country can't be cured, and the family can't do anything about it [2].
If you have wisdom, know the past and the present, and help the gentleman [3] to help him, there will be no pheasant [4] singing in the morning, which will lead to disaster. Jiangdong women have few friends. His marriage is very simple [5], or those who have known each other for more than ten years, but have been given a legacy because of their faith, which makes them feel worried. Summer night customs, designed for women to hold the portal [6], to get a clean, have a good time, take a car full of streets, and then continue the front Fu Ying Temple, to ask for officials on behalf of the son and complain for the husband. Is this the legacy of constancy and alternation?
The south is poor, everything is exterior decoration, and cars and clothes must be expensive and tidy; Family and wife are inevitably hungry and cold. Hebei personnel [7] is mostly composed of internal affairs [8], and then it continues to be Cui Jin, which cannot be abolished, and the horse exhausts its servants to make up for it; Advocate the gift of [9]; It's still you [10]. Women in Hebei are much better than those in Jiangdong, because of the knitting regiment [1 1] and Fu [12].
Taigong said, "There are too many adopted daughters. A fee. " Chen Fan [13] said, "You can't steal five women." Women are very tired, but also very deep. However, steaming people is natural, and ancestors are handed down. What is this? The world does not abandon women, and thieves do the same thing. Should we do this and hope that happiness is in the sky? I have a close relative whose family forgives prostitutes [14]. When the child is born, I will send him to take care of it [15]. If you are uncomfortable, peek into the window and lean against the door. Go if you have a daughter [16]; Mother cried with a trumpet, which made people smell uncomfortable.
A woman's nature is biased towards her son-in-law, abusing him. If you have a good impression on your son-in-law, your brother [17] will have resentment; If you abuse your wife, your sister [18] will behave badly. However, if a woman stays in her itinerary [19], she will offend her family. There is a proverb that says, "Aunt Solo [20] eats." This is the same. There are always shortcomings at home, don't be admonished!
The marriage element pair [2 1] and Hou Jing [22] are regular. Modern married, so there are women who sell money and women who buy silk. Compared with their parents and grandparents, they care about haggling over every ounce [23], and more are less responsibilities, which is no different from the market [24]. Or my husband [25] is at the door, or my wife [26] is greedy for fame and gain, but I am ashamed, but I can be careless!
Borrow other people's classics and be sure to keep them safe. There are defects first, and then there are remedies, which is also one of the hundred lines of literati [27].
Jiang Lu, a native of Jiyang, has not finished his studies. Although he is in a hurry, he must roll up neatly [28] and get up. Therefore, he will not lose, and people will never get tired of seeking truth. Or a few were confused by wolves, and the scattered parts were destroyed at once [29], and most of them were polluted by children's young girls' concubines [30], destroyed by wind, rain, insects and rats, which was really tiring. Every time I read a saint's book, I have no disrespect; Its old paper has the meaning of "Five Classics" [3 1] and the name of a wise man, and dare not abuse it [32].
My wizard's prayer [33] is beyond words, and there is no prayer [34] in the book, and as you can see, it is a waste of money for the demon.
To annotate ...
[1] Feed-in: refers to women who are in charge of eating and drinking at home.
[2] Gangu (Gu, bewitch, here refers to the woman in charge.
[3] Gentleman: The honorific title of a wife to her husband in ancient times.
[4] hen: hen. The rooster's duty is to crow in the morning. The ancients used "one chicken to announce the dawn" to describe the inversion of yin and yang, and women controlled housework and government affairs.
[5] Wedding room: in-laws.
[6] holding the door: the meaning of being the master of the house.
[7] personnel: entertainment and entertainment.
[8] internal affairs: internal affairs of the family, here refers to the wife who is in charge of housework.
[9] Advocacy: the husband sings with the woman.
[10] Er Ru: It means that husband and wife despise each other.
[1 1] Set: Set is silk. The group wove silk into patterned ribbons. Sichuan pseudo-circular ribbon is like a rope.
[ 12] ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ ǔ.
[13] Taigong and Chen Fan: Taigong, that is, (former 1 128- former1kloc-0/5), Ziya, a great general of the State of Lu, was honored as King Taigong. There are Dongli people in Donglu Township (now Rizhao City, Shandong Province) in Haiqu City. A famous strategist, the founding father of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Legend has it that he met at the age of 80, and later helped destroy Zhou. His fief was in Qi. Chen Fan was a famous minister in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and he was also called "Three Kings" with Dou Wu and Liu Shu. When I was young, I acted as a dutiful son. I was too strict with Li Langzhong, engaged in different driving, and negotiated with Lang, which made the officials and the people respect each other. Later, he moved to Shangshuling and Dahong Road and was fired for helping Liu Yun. Soon, he was recruited as a servant of Shangshu and turned into a doctor in Taizhong. In the eighth year of Emperor Heng, he was promoted to Qiu, and Emperor Ling ascended the throne. He worked as a teacher, recorded the affairs of ministers, and wiped out eunuchs with General Dou Wu. He was defeated and died.
There are many concubines at home. Rao, duo.
Shu Qi: The gatekeeper.
[16] Holding: Holding away refers to holding away or killing a baby girl.
[17] Brother: refers to the daughter's brother.
[18] Sister: refers to the son's sister.
[19] Line: refers to the daughter getting married. Stay: refers to a son marrying a wife.
[20] Fallen: snubbing Xiao Suo. Aunt: Mother-in-law.
[2 1] element pair: cold spouse. Vegetarian, cold vegetarian.
[22] Hou Jing: Han Yan, ninth ancestor of Yan Zhitui.
[23] Gong: It was a very small unit of measurement in ancient times. Metaphor is a small matter.
[24] Market: a place where commercial activities were conducted in ancient times, and also used to refer to businessmen.
[25] Poor husband: humble son-in-law.
[26] A proud wife and a good house: the married daughter-in-law is fierce and overbearing.
[27] Baixing: In feudal society, doctors set up a set of methods to go their own way, including Pepsi, which is called Baixing.
[28] Bundle: In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, books were copied on silk books and then rolled into a collection, which was called a scroll.
[29] Department: Ancient books are divided into several categories according to their contents, and a book is called a book after extension. Yan: The book cover used by ancient people to hold books.
[30] Spots: Spots.
[3 1] Five Classics: Confucian classics, which refer to the Book of Songs, Shangshu, Book of Rites, Chunqiu and Jing Yue.
[32] Misuse: refers to the use of books in unclean places.
[33] Wizards (wxí): In ancient times, wizards were called "witches" and wizards were called "wizards", collectively referred to as "witches". Prayer: pray to ghosts and gods.
[34] Fu Shu: a mysterious document used by Taoist priests in the old days to exorcise ghosts, recruit gods or cure diseases and prolong life.
[35] Zhang Hao: Worship at a table is a form of prayer in Taoism. Taoist disaster elimination method.
translate
Women are in charge of eating and drinking at home, and only engage in wine, food and clothes, and do it properly. The state can't let her ask about major policies, and the state can't let her do business. If you are really smart and knowledgeable, just help your husband and do something he can't reach. Don't let hens crow in the morning, it will lead to disaster.
Women in Jiangdong seldom communicate with foreign countries. Some of the married Xin family members have known each other for more than ten years, and only send messages or gifts to show their hospitality. The custom in Yecheng is to let women be masters of their own affairs, debate the merits of lawsuits, meet the audience, fill the road by car, fill the yamen for Luo, get an official position for her son, and complain to her husband about grievances. This should be the legacy of a constant generation, right? The poor families in the south pay attention to gfd, and their horses and chariots should be clean and tidy, while their families and wives are inevitably hungry and cold. In Hebei, women are the main body of social interaction and entertainment, and the frontier is rich in gold and jade, so we can't lack them. However, the horse is thin, and the slave is only a few words. When talking between lovers, sometimes "son" and "you" are commensurate, and the words are not limited to this.
Women in Hebei, engaged in weaving and spinning, making embroidered silk products, are much better than women in Jiangdong.
Jiang Taigong said: "Raising too many daughters is an expense." Chen Fan, Minister of the Later Han Dynasty, said, "Thieves don't want to steal a family with five daughters." Daughter's dowry is expensive enough and painful enough. But natural people are descendants of ancestors. How should we treat them? Many people in the world have given birth to their daughters and killed their own flesh and blood without raising them. Can such a person expect to be blessed in heaven? I have a distant relative, and there are many prostitutes and concubines at home. I'll send a servant to wait for me. When I am in labor, I will lean against the doorpost and look at the window. If I give birth to a baby girl, I will take it away and kill it at once, and my mother will cry at once. I really can't bear to listen.
A woman's habit is to spoil her son-in-law and abuse her daughter-in-law. A brother who dotes on her daughter-in-law will have resentment, and a sister who abuses her daughter-in-law will easily be slandered. In this way, it seems that whether a woman marries or not, she will offend her family, which is caused by her mother. Even as the saying goes, "Los Angeles begins to eat." Said the daughter-in-law was left out in the cold to retaliate against her mother-in-law This is a common problem at home, can you not be vigilant!
Getting married requires finding a poor family, which is an old custom of our ancestor Hou Jing. Modern people get married, some receive bride price to sell their daughters, and some transport silk to buy their daughters-in-law. These people are more powerful than their ancestors. Haggle over every ounce, asking for more and getting less in return is no different from doing business, so that some people get a dirty son-in-law, and some people control their houses in the hands of evil daughters-in-law, greedy for fame and gain, which brings shame. Can such a thing be reckless?
If you borrow other people's books, you must take good care of them. Repairing the original missing or damaged pages is also one of the hundred good deeds of the literati. Lu Jiang, a native of Jiyang, never finishes reading books. Even if there is something urgent, he has to wait for the books to be neat before getting up, so that the books will not be damaged and people will not bother him to borrow them. Some people throw books on the console table, which makes them scattered all over the floor. Most of them are stained by children's maids and concubines and damaged by wind, rain, insects and rats. This is really immoral. Every time I read a book written by a saint, I never read it carelessly and disrespectfully. Waste paper has the meaning of the Five Classics and the name of a wise man, so it dare not be used in dirty places.
Our family never talks about witches or monks praying for ghosts and gods; It is useless to set up a Dojo to pray. This is what you see. Don't spend money on vain things like lich.
short review
This paper discusses and summarizes some basic theories and methods of family management, many of which are worth learning today:
First, we advocate setting an example for superiors and asking people to do it. We must first do it ourselves: "People who are corrupt from top to bottom will do it from top to bottom. In this way, their fathers are unkind, their sons are unfilial, their brothers are unfriendly, their brothers are disrespectful, their husbands are unjust and their wives are unhappy."
Second, the rule of the state, like the rule of the family, should be combined with leniency and severity: if the punishment is not applied properly, the people will not know what to do, and the standards of leniency and severity of the family are the same as those of the state.
Third, emphasize thrift and oppose extravagance and waste: luxury is not children and grandchildren, but thrift is solid; It is better to be practical than to have no grandchildren. And distinguish between frugality and meanness: frugality is called ceremony; Miser is poor and anxious. If you can give without extravagance, you can be frugal and generous. And some positive and negative examples happened at that time to illustrate, in order to increase persuasiveness.
Fourth, we are against drowning baby girls, and believe that all natural persons are descendants of their ancestors. How should we treat them? Many people in the world have given birth to their daughters and killed their own flesh and blood without raising them. Can such a person expect to be blessed in heaven? This view, at that time, and even the whole feudal society, was of positive significance!
Fifth, oppose asking for bride price in marriage, and think that this kind of behavior of haggling over every ounce, asking for more and getting less in return is no different from doing business.
Sixth, if you borrow other people's books, you must cherish them. Repairing damaged pages is also one of the actions of all the virtues, a scholar-bureaucrat. Cherish books and don't use them in unclean places. "Respect and cherish the word paper" later became the virtue of the Chinese nation!
Seventh, don't say that witches or monks seek ghosts and gods; Or set up a Dojo and pray with runes. Warn future generations not to spend money on vain things like witches.
Eighth, as a mother-in-law, treat the son-in-law and daughter-in-law equally, and do not favor one over the other, so that the family can be harmonious.
However, there are some biases in this article: women are despised, thinking that women can only eat and drink at home, and can only engage in wine, food and clothes, which is all right. The country can't let her ask about important affairs, and the family can't let her do business. Otherwise, it will be the morning of hens, which will lead to disaster. In addition, commenting on the different behaviors of women in different places is obviously dissatisfied with the practice of women's publicity. They think that only women in Jiangdong, like women in Jiangdong, rarely communicate with foreign countries. In the married Xin family, people who have not known each other for more than ten years only send messages or gifts to show their hospitality. This is the only way to observe women's morality.