1, endogenous theory:
Key points: It is emphasized that the strength of people's physical and mental development mainly comes from their own internal needs, and the order of physical and mental development is also determined by the physical and mental maturity mechanism. Endogenous theory emphasizes the decisive role of heredity in human development. The function of education is only to create conditions for human development, but not to change and quickly determine human development.
2, external Shuo theory:
Basic point of view: human development mainly depends on external forces, such as environmental weaknesses and requirements, the influence of others, and school education. Because the theory of foreign scholars emphasizes the role of external forces, they generally pay attention to the value of education and maintain a positive attitude towards education to transform human nature and form the knowledge, ability and attitude needed by society.
They are concerned about people's learning, what to learn and how to learn effectively.
The combination of endogenous theory and exogenous theory;
Dialectical materialism, which combines endogenous theory with exogenous theory, holds that human development is the result of interaction between individual internal factors (such as innate quality) and external environment (such as the intensity of external stimulus, social development level and individual cultural background). ) in personal activities.
Man is the active subject of practice. Personal development is impossible without the active participation of individuals. When the subjective and objective conditions are similar, the degree of individual subjective initiative is of decisive significance to human development. Because people's physical and mental development is achieved through activities, individual activities are the decisive factor of individual development.