First, the principle of parallel requirements and care.
Humanistic psychologists say that positive attention can make people feel more confident with respect, warmth, care and praise.
Adults should show more concern, smile, hug and caress to their children, as well as kind and loving language, which will give them psychological security and self-confidence, and let them look at the world and explore the world with confidence; On the contrary, if adults ignore, turn a blind eye to children, they will make children doubt their own existence value, which will lead to a sense of loss and inferiority, and even lead to loneliness and indifference. Therefore, parents and teachers should give their children more care in their lives and create a warm environment. This is very important for young children to establish self-confidence. Parents' and teachers' care for education makes children less stressed and better involved in their study and life. At the same time, they will not doubt themselves and form an independent, brave and confident attitude towards life.
Second, the principle of encouragement and affirmation.
Children are very concerned about the evaluation of adults, and the evaluation of adults often determines the self-evaluation of children. Parents and teachers are very important people for children. If you are often criticized and denied, even reprimanded and sarcastic, it will affect your child's evaluation of yourself and feel that you are not good or stupid, thus hitting your child's self-confidence and forming your child's inferiority complex. On the contrary, if children are often affirmed and praised by adults in their lives, they will gain trust from it and turn it into self-confidence. Therefore, our teacher's role is not only to spread knowledge, but also to cultivate and guide children's good character and even outlook on life. Teachers should discover the advantages of children in time, encourage them to develop, let them experience the happiness of success, criticize their shortcomings in time, and urge them to correct them in time.
Every child is like a bud. When it blooms and what kind of flowers it produces are different, and it is also unbalanced in the cognitive field. Therefore, we can't use a unified standard to summarize and evaluate every child. We should give full play to the characteristics of human soul engineers, let each child's personality be fully publicized, and let them become the pillars of society.
Third, improve the ability in practice.
Weak ability easily leads to children's lack of self-confidence. Therefore, giving children the opportunity to exercise and practice and improving their ability in practice and exercise can better improve their self-confidence. Therefore, parents and teachers should learn to use various opportunities and channels to enable them to acquire the most basic practical skills and interpersonal skills; We should show our trust in their decision-making ability, give them opportunities for self-selection and communication, accept their reasonable opinions, encourage them to study actively and independently, and let them feel their abilities in practice, thus enhancing their self-confidence.
Fourth, the principle of longitudinal comparison between before and after the process
Children progress and develop in the process of growing up. In this process, each child's growth rate is definitely slightly different. This requires parents and teachers not to generalize some of their children's behaviors, not to be too demanding, not to be eager for success, to pay attention to the improvement of their abilities in the process, and to pay attention to and affirm the positive efforts made by their children in this process. When children are temporarily unsuccessful, encourage them to realize that they will succeed through more efforts.
Five, the process of vertical comparison principle
The development or progress of children is a process. In this process, children will inevitably encounter setbacks or failures, and each child's growth rate is different. Therefore, teachers and parents can't be anxious, can't generalize, and can't ask too much of their children. They should pay more attention to the positive efforts made by children in these activities, rather than the results of the activities. Especially when children are temporarily unsuccessful, they should be encouraged in time to make them feel that they can succeed through further efforts, thus establishing self-confidence. Accordingly, when adults evaluate children, they should base themselves on their own efforts and progress, before and after practice, and during activities, so that children can compare themselves with themselves. As long as children have been making progress, they should be praised and encouraged, so that children can be promoted both in behavior and spirit in continuous positive progress, establish self-esteem and enterprising spirit, face themselves with confidence and strive for progress.
Sixth, apply the principle of appreciation education.
There is a famous saying, you should have determination, especially confidence. After a person has self-confidence, he will be full of confidence in himself. People who are energetic, energetic and confident will make their lives full of sunshine and vitality in all aspects. Establishing children's self-confidence is very helpful to cultivate children's healthy psychology and excellent quality. Therefore, kindergarten education should teach students in accordance with their aptitude. Every child should receive a correct education, experience the fun of learning, realize the value of his existence, firmly believe that he is confident of success, dare to express his wishes and dare to realize his wishes. Then, in our daily educational activities, we should use appropriate educational methods, so that children can not only realize their own advantages, but also find their own shortcomings, learn from each other's strengths, surpass themselves and improve themselves in constant exploration and improvement, so as to enhance their self-confidence and curiosity, overcome themselves and succeed.
Seven, the principle of giving children a chance to succeed.
Each individual is influenced by heredity, living environment and other aspects, and there are significant differences among individuals. Malc, an American psychologist, believes that most self-beliefs are unconsciously formed according to past experiences of success and failure, humiliation and glory, especially childhood experiences. If children's learning ability is strong enough, they will often get a successful experience. On the contrary, if their learning ability is poor, they will easily feel inferior and timid, and their self-confidence will be difficult to form. Therefore, parents and teachers should pay attention to finding and creating corresponding success opportunities and stages for different children. For example, in kindergarten, different types of activities can be carried out, so that each child can experience the fun of using his hands and brains, discover each child's strengths and advantages, and let them enjoy the fun of success. But at the same time, teachers should also give children the opportunity to improve in the process and gain the ability to improve in the process of experiencing success.
Eight, the principle of home cooperation
Children spend most of their time at home, so besides the education of teachers, the cultivation and supervision of parents are also essential. Sometimes, teachers encourage and praise children at school in order to establish their self-esteem, but when they get home, parents criticize and belittle them at will, and the self-confidence that children have cultivated hard is hit at once. In the communication with parents, teachers can emancipate their minds by holding symposiums and holding lectures regularly. At the same time, teachers should always keep in touch with parents and communicate their children's problems.
In short, to cultivate children's self-confidence, kindergartens and families should closely cooperate and keep pace, and use scientific methods and patient and meticulous attitudes to effectively guide children, create a good atmosphere for the establishment of children's self-confidence, and cultivate a new generation of self-confidence.