A. Ordering issues
B. Disorder problem
C. There are structural problems
D. No structural problems
Answer and analysis: choose D. Researchers generally divide problems into two categories: structured problems and unstructured problems. Among them, the unstructured problem refers to the problem that the known conditions and the goal to be achieved are vague, the problem situation is unclear, and various influencing factors are uncertain, so it is difficult to find the answer clue. So, the answer is D.
2. Compared with novices, experts have better short-term memory and long-term memory ability in specialized fields. The most appropriate explanation is ().
A. experts have more agile memory quality.
B. Experts have mastered general memory strategies.
C. the intelligence level of experts is generally high.
D. Experts have richer knowledge and special memory strategies in professional fields.
Answer and analysis: choose D. Existing knowledge and experience affect the solution of the problem. Experts not only have a lot of knowledge and experience in a certain field,&; In addition, the organization of knowledge and experience in the mind is very reasonable, and it can be quickly extracted and applied when needed. Experts not only have rich and organized declarative knowledge, but also have effective mental skills and cognitive strategies necessary to solve problems. So, the answer is D.
3. Which of the following is "problem solving"? ( )
A. recall a person's name
B. fantasize that you are "Cinderella"
C. Make sentences with one word
D. swing
Answer and analysis: choose C. Problem solving refers to the process that individuals apply a series of cognitive operations to reach the target state from the initial state of the problem. The solution of the problem has the characteristics of purpose, cognition and sequence. Therefore, only option C meets the requirements in the question, and the answer is C.
4. It is () that correctly describes the relationship between problem situation and problem solving.
A. Too much or too little in the problem situation is not conducive to the solution of the problem.
B whether the stimulus pattern in the problem situation is close to the personal knowledge structure has no influence on problem solving.
C. the spatial arrangement of things in the problem situation has nothing to do with problem solving.
D. "psychological confusion" helps to solve problems.
Answer and analysis: Choose A. Problem situations are closely related to problem solving. Too many or too few things in the problem situation and "psychological confusion" are not conducive to the solution of the problem. Whether the stimulus pattern in the problem situation is close to the personal knowledge structure and the spatial arrangement of things in the problem situation all affect the solution of the problem. So, the answer is a.
I often blow my hair with a hair dryer, but I never thought of drying wet clothes with it. This situation belongs to ().
A. mentality
B. prototype inspiration
C. Functional fixation
D. Brewing effect
Answer and analysis: C. Function fixation means that when a person is familiar with the common or typical functions of an object, it is difficult to see other potential functions of the object. Hair dryers are often used to blow hair, but I never thought about using them to dry wet clothes. This situation is the performance of functional fixation. So, the answer is C.
6. The problem is that there are some obstacles to overcome between the given information and the goal to be achieved ().
A. exciting situation
B. Clear suspicion
C. mood
D. The starting point of thinking
Answer and analysis: A. Most psychologists believe that any question contains three basic components: first, given conditions; & test & the second is the goal to be achieved; Third, there are limitations or obstacles. Therefore, the problem can be defined as a stimulating situation in which there are some obstacles to be overcome between the given information and the goal to be achieved. So, the answer is a.
7. The process of problem solving includes finding problems, understanding problems, making assumptions and ().
A. Thinking process
B. Investigation and study
C. Test the hypothesis
D. Demonstration hypothesis
Answer and analysis: choose C. solving problems is a complicated process. According to relevant research, the process of problem solving can be divided into four stages: finding the problem, understanding the problem, putting forward the hypothesis and testing the hypothesis. So, the answer is C.
8. Regarding the question type, factorizing the algebraic expression a2-2ab+b2 belongs to ().
A. General issues
B. There are structural problems
C. No structural problems
D. Special problems
Answer and analysis: choose B. Structured questions refer to questions whose known conditions and goals are very clear, and individuals can get answers according to a certain way of thinking. Factorization of algebraic expression a2-2ab+b2 belongs to this kind of problem. So, the answer is B.
9. The core component of attitude is ().
A. Cognitive components
B. Emotional components
C. behavioral components
D. capability components
Answer and analysis: choose B. The emotional component of attitude refers to the emotion or emotional experience accompanied by the cognitive component of attitude, which is the core component of attitude. Studies have shown that when attitudes change, emotions will change accordingly. So, the answer is B.
10. () Decide whether an individual is willing to complete certain tasks, that is, decide the choice of behavior.
A. Ability
B. Morality
C. Attitude
D. Emotion
Answer and analysis: choice C. Attitude is formed through learning, which affects the internal preparation state or reaction tendency of individual behavior choice and determines whether an individual is willing to complete a certain task, that is, behavior choice. So, the answer is C.
1 1. Which of the following components is not a moral psychological structure ()?
A. Moral cognition
B. Moral values
C. Moral feelings
D. Moral behavior
Answer and analysis: choose B. The psychological structure of morality includes three parts: moral cognition, moral emotion and moral behavior, and moral concept does not belong to the psychological structure of morality. Therefore, the correct answer is B.
12. The core part of personal morality is ().
A. Moral cognition
B. Moral values
C. Moral feelings
D. Moral behavior
Answer and analysis: choose a. moral cognition is an understanding of moral norms and their implementation significance. The result of moral cognition is to acquire relevant moral concepts and form moral beliefs. Moral cognition is the core part of individual morality. Therefore, the correct answer is a.
13. Piaget believes that heteronomous morality who formed children's morality was in ().
A.0 ~ 5 years old
B.6 ~ 8 years old
C.8 ~ 10 years old
D. 10 ~ 12 years old
Answer and analysis: Choose B. In Piaget's theory, children's moral development stage (6-8 years old) is also called heteronomous morality stage, and children's moral judgment is dominated and restricted by external value standards, showing absolute respect and obedience to the outside world. Therefore, the correct answer is B.
14. Patriotism belongs to the moral emotion of ().
A. intuitive
B. fictional
C. behavioral
D. moral
Answer and analysis: choose D. Among moral feelings, patriotic feelings are expressed as sincere love and infinite gratitude for the motherland, which belongs to ethical and moral feelings. Therefore, the correct answer is D.
15. A person's attitude towards others, himself, things and things is ().
A. Inherent
B. formed on the basis of congenital factors
C. it is the result of practical exercise.
D. formed through learning
Answer and analysis: choose D. Attitude is formed through learning, not born. No matter to people or things, various attitudes are formed and changed through the interaction between individuals and the environment. Therefore, the correct answer is D.
16. Identity is to actively accept the influence of others on their thoughts, emotions, attitudes and behaviors, and make their own attitudes and behaviors ().
A. basically the same as others
B. Be consistent with everyone
C. Get recognition from others
D. Get close to others
Answer and analysis: choose D. The meaning of identity refers to actively accepting the influence of others in thought, emotion, attitude and behavior. Try to make your attitude and behavior close to others. Therefore, the correct answer is D.
17. Compared with obedience, identity goes deeper, it is not controlled by external pressure, and its behavior has a certain ().
A. Consciousness, initiative and stability
B. enthusiasm
C. Adaptability and sociality
D. internalization and will
Answer and analysis: choose a. Compared with obedience, the identity is deeper, not controlled by external pressure, and the behavior has certain characteristics such as consciousness, initiative and stability. Therefore, the correct answer is a.
18. People with mental health can effectively exert their physical and mental potential and () become a member of society.
A. Positive social function
B. Due responsibility
C. Due sense of responsibility and obligation
D. Moral values
Answer and analysis: Choose A. Mental health is a good and continuous mental state and process, which shows that individuals have vitality, positive inner experience and good social adaptability, and can effectively play their physical and mental potential and positive social functions as members of society. Therefore, the correct answer is a.
19. () can be used to treat insomnia.
A. System desensitization method
B. Muscle relaxation method
C. Self-suggestion method
D. behavioral therapy
Answer and analysis: choose B. Muscle relaxation can relieve the pain caused by muscle tension by changing muscle tension, thus coping with emotional tension, anxiety and anger. Insomnia is caused by emotional tension, anxiety and uneasiness, and muscle relaxation can cure this symptom. Therefore, the correct answer is B.
20. Xiao Wang always suspects that his door is unlocked, so he often has to check it again and again. This behavior belongs to ().
A. Anxiety
B. Coercive behavior
C. the concept of coercion
D. Forced fear
Answer and analysis: Choose B. Compulsive behavior is the expression of emotional disorder, which mainly refers to a series of dull and mechanical repetitive behaviors. When he is disturbed by others, he will feel anxious and even lose his temper. Xiao Wang's behavior of repeatedly checking whether the door is locked is a sign of coercion. Therefore, the correct answer is B.
2 1. Coercive behavior refers to the behavior that the parties repeatedly refuse to perform. If he doesn't think so, he will ().
A. nothing can be done.
B. Pain and anxiety
C. Feel uneasy
D. feel extremely anxious
Answer and analysis: choose D. compulsive behavior is the expression of emotional disorder, which mainly refers to a series of dull and mechanical repetitive behaviors. When others interfere, they will feel anxious and even lose their temper, which is anxiety behavior. Therefore, the correct answer is D.
22. In the psychological test, intelligence test belongs to ().
A. Cognitive test
B. Ability test
C. personality test
D. IQ test
Answer and analysis: Choose A. Psychological tests are often used to collect quantitative data for psychological evaluation. Psychological tests can be classified according to different standards. Cognitive test includes intelligence test, special ability test, creativity test and achievement test. Therefore, the correct answer is a.
23. In the psychological test, achievement motivation test belongs to ().
A. Cognitive test
B. Ability test
C. personality test
D. IQ test
Answer and analysis: choose C. Psychological test is a common tool to collect quantitative data for psychological evaluation. Psychological tests can be classified according to different standards. Personality test includes polyphasic personality questionnaire, interest test, achievement motivation test and attitude scale. Therefore, the correct answer is C.
24. The basic method of psychological counseling and counseling is ().
A. Talks
B. listen
C. encourage
D. Request
Answer and analysis: Choose A. Teachers can not only understand students' psychology and behavior through conversation, but also influence students' cognition, emotion and attitude. Testing and $ TERM meeting are the basic methods of psychological consultation and counseling. Therefore, the correct answer is a.
25. The muscle relaxation training method was initiated by ().
A. Piaget
B. jakobsson
C. Ellis
D. Valts
Answer and analysis: choose B. Muscle relaxation training method is to change muscle tension and reduce the pain caused by muscle tension, thus coping with emotional tension, anxiety and anger. This method was initiated by Jacobson in the 1920s and later revised by later generations. Therefore, the correct answer is B.
26. The expected learning result obtained by students through teaching activities is called ().
A. Learning purpose
B. Teaching purpose
C. learning objectives
D. Teaching objectives
Answer and analysis: choose D. The teaching goal is the learning result that students expect through teaching activities. In teaching, teaching objectives help guide teachers to measure and evaluate teaching, choose and use teaching strategies, and guide students to learn. Therefore, the correct answer is D.
27. The process of gradually subdividing teaching objectives into interrelated sub-objectives is called ().
A. Target classification
B. Statement of objectives
C. Task analysis
D. mandate implementation
Answer and analysis: C. Task analysis refers to the process of gradually subdividing teaching objectives into interrelated sub-objectives. In task analysis, teachers should start from the ultimate goal, reveal the preconditions of the first-level sub-goal and the first-level sub-goal, and strive to make the task detailed and feasible. Therefore, the correct answer is C.
28. Teaching objectives are divided into three areas: cognition, emotion and motor skills ().
A. sigmund freud
B. flowers
C. Piaget
D. Dewey
Answer and analysis: B. Bloom and others are selected to divide teaching objectives into three areas: cognition, emotion and motor skills in their classification system of educational objectives, and each area is classified in detail to make it visual and orderly, thus becoming an educational objective system. Therefore, the correct answer is B.
29. In the teaching goal of cognitive field, the lowest level of cognitive learning result is ().
A. knowledge
B. include
C. synthesis
D. valuation
Answer and analysis: A. Knowledge is an integral part of the cognitive field, which refers to the memory of learned materials, including the memory of specific facts, methods, processes, concepts and principles. The psychological process needed is memory, which is the lowest level of cognitive learning. Therefore, the correct answer is a.
30. Among the teaching objectives in the cognitive field, the one with the lowest understanding level is ().
A. knowledge
B. include
C. synthesis
D. valuation
Answer and analysis: choose B. Understanding refers to grasping the meaning of the learned material, which goes beyond simple memory and represents the lowest level of understanding. Therefore, the correct answer is B.
3 1. There are generally two ways for teachers to organize classroom space, namely, according to the field principle and according to ().
A. Function
B. size
C. use
D. Age
Answer and analysis: Choose A. Generally speaking, there are two ways for teachers to organize classroom space: the first is to arrange classroom space according to the principle of domain, that is, to divide classroom space into fields, and some fields belong to only one person; The second is to arrange classroom space by function, that is, to divide the space into various interest areas or work centers. Therefore, the correct answer is a.
32. In the teaching process, the interaction between teaching and learning taken by both teachers and students to achieve certain teaching goals and complete certain teaching tasks is called ().
A. Teaching strategies
B. Teaching methods
C. Teaching objectives
D. Learning methods
Answer and analysis: choose B. Teaching method means that both teachers and students try to achieve certain teaching goals in the teaching process. Testing is an interactive teaching activity to accomplish certain teaching tasks, an important part of the whole teaching process and one of the basic elements of teaching. Therefore, the correct answer is B.
33. Taking academic achievement as the center and using structured and orderly materials under the guidance of teachers is ().
A. Discovery teaching
B. Guiding teaching
C. program teaching
D. Cooperative teaching
Answer and analysis: choose B. Guiding teaching is a classroom teaching with structured and orderly materials under the guidance of teachers, focusing on academic performance. In guiding teaching, teachers clearly explain the teaching objectives to students; Presenting the teaching content to students in sufficient and continuous teaching time; Monitor students' performance; Provide students with timely learning feedback. Therefore, the correct answer is B.