Each discipline has its own specific research object, and establishing the research object is the foundation of discipline establishment and the logical starting point of discipline development. However, since the birth of ideological and political education, people have been arguing about the research object of this subject and formed various views. This paper makes some literature reviews on the research objects of ideological and political education for colleagues to further study. First, the initial stage (middle school in 1980s): applied research mainly serves the daily ideological and political work, and the research object of ideological and political education began in middle school in 1980s. As Zuo Peng said: "Although ideological and political education has been an important class struggle and social practice in human society for thousands of years, although our party has accumulated very valuable and rich experience in ideological and political education in the long-term revolution and construction practice, it was not until the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee that we studied ideological and political education as a science and clearly put forward the concept of ideological and political education." 1980 in order to meet the needs of ideological and political work in the new period, the theoretical workers of the party put forward for the first time that ideological and political work is a science, based on a series of expositions of our party on propaganda work, political work, political education work, ideological work and ideological and political work for decades.