Sun Yat-sen University-National First Sun Yat-sen University (National Guangdong University)
Wuhan University-National Second Sun Yat-sen University (National Wuchang University)
Zhejiang University-National Third Sun Yat-sen University (National Zhejiang University)
Nanjing University-National Fourth Sun Yat-sen University (National Nanjing University)
Henan University-The Fifth National Sun Yat-sen University (National Henan University)
Another school in Taiwan Province Province:
Name: National Sun Yat-sen University
National First Sun Yat-sen University:
School name: Sun Yat-sen University (formerly known as National Guangdong University and National Sun Yat-sen University)
Chinese abbreviation: CUHK
English name: Sun Yat-sen University, which is also commonly used by English media.
English abbreviation: SYSU or ZSU
Time of establishment: 1924 (National Guangdong University)
Celebration day: 165438+ 10/2.
1924, when the Kuomintang and the Communist Party joined hands for the first time and the national revolution was surging, Dr. Sun Yat-sen, a great man of the century, was far-sighted and regarded "education as a sacred cause and talents as the foundation of the country" and personally founded two schools in Guangzhou-National Guangdong University (now Sun Yat-sen University) and Whampoa Military Academy. Sun Yat-sen University is located in Guangdong Province, which is at the forefront of reform and opening up. Located on the banks of the Pearl River and the South China Sea. There are four campuses with a total area of 6. 17 square kilometers, Guangzhou South Campus covers an area of 1. 17 square kilometers, North Campus covers an area of 0.39 square kilometers, Guangzhou East Campus covers an area of 1. 13 square kilometers, and Zhuhai Campus covers an area of 3.48 square kilometers. With lush trees, lush green grass, beautiful scenery and different styles, each campus is a resort for cultivating sentiment and studying.
National Second Sun Yat-sen University:
1926 10 After the Northern Expeditionary Army captured Wuchang, the Wuhan National Revolutionary Government carried out major reforms in education, and merged the former National Wuchang University, the National Wuchang Commercial University, Hubei Medical University, Hubei Legislative University, Hubei Liberal Arts University and the private Chinese University to form the National Wuchang Sun Yat-sen University (Beijing Sino-Russian University and Shanghai University merged some teachers and students), also known as the National Second Sun Yat-sen University. As the crystallization of the first cooperation between Kuomintang and Communist Party, although it didn't run for a long time, it provided a useful reference for China's education reform. 1927 12. Sun Yat-sen University in Wuchang was ordered to be dissolved by the reactionary Kuomintang military police, and the school property was handed over to the provisional government of Hunan and Hubei.
Alumni:
headmaster
Ying Shi, one of the "Three Monsters of Hubei", later served as the dean of the Institute of Technology of Wuhan University.
grasp
Zhuang Changgong is a famous organic chemist and the founder of organic microanalysis.
Ji Yufeng organic chemist
Mathematician Chen
During the Luo Ronghuan Revolution 1927 was admitted to Sun Yat-sen University in Wuchang.
Li Da, Chen Wangdao, Guo Moruo, Li, Deng, Dong, Xu Qian and Zhou Fohai (all members of the Preparatory Committee of Sun Yat-sen University in Wuchang).
student
Yang is a famous Marxist philosopher (National Wuchang University of Commerce)
Wang Yanan is a famous Marxist economist and educator, and the late president of Xiamen University (private Chinese University).
National Third Sun Yat-sen University:
Zhejiang University is a national key university with a long history. Its predecessor was Qiushi College, which was founded in 1897. It is one of the earliest institutions of higher learning for the people of China. In 1930s and 1940s, the National Zhejiang University led by Zhu Kezhen gathered a large number of famous scholars. In mathematics, Bao Cong, Chen and Su are rich; in physics, Hu, Wang and Zhu are rich; in chemistry, Wang Baoren, Wang Fu, Lu Jiaxi and Li Shousheng are rich; in biology, Luo Zongluo, Bei and Tan Jiazhen are rich; in civil engineering, Ling Xi and Wang Guosong are rich; in history and geography, Tan Qixiang and Ren Meizhen are rich. Later, a large number of outstanding scholars and masters appeared among the students. In the era of Zhu Kezhen, Zhejiang University was known as "the four famous universities in the Republic of China" with the then National Central University, National Southwest Associated University and National Wuhan University. It is also one of the five national Sun Yat-sen universities in China.
National Fourth Sun Yat-sen University:
National Nanjing University: Nanjing University
1888, the missionary university Nanjing University was established in Nanjing.
190 1 In August, the Qing court ordered the academies in various provinces to be transformed into schools. 1 In February, imperial academy promulgated the articles of association, which divided school education into three levels: elementary, secondary and higher education, among which higher education was divided into academies, universities and higher education.
1902 in may, Liu Kunyi, governor of liangjiang, gave a "school discount" and wrote to set up a model school in Jiangning, governor of liangjiang. Soon, Liu Kunyi died, and Zhang Zhidong acted as the governor of Liangjiang, playing "Folding and Founding Sanjiang Normal School". Zhang Zhidong appointed Miao, editor of the Hanlin Academy, to lead a delegation to visit Japan, and later hired him as the chief inspector of Sanjiang Normal School to take charge of the preparatory work.
1March, 903, Zhang Zhidong was transferred to the faculty, and Wei Guangtao succeeded the Governor of Liangjiang. In September of that year, Sanjiang Normal School officially opened. Courses include physics and chemistry, agriculture and natural history, history and geography, and hand drawing.
1904 10 month, officially enrolled students. Yang Jingui, Jiangsu alternate, was appointed as the first supervisor. Miao, Fang and Chen were successively hired as "inspectors" of Sanjiang Normal School.
1905, Governor Zhou Fu of Liangjiang changed "Liangjiang" to "Sanjiang". It was named "Liangjiang Excellent Normal School" according to the "Playing School Charter", and Xu Naichang was appointed as the school supervisor.
1906, Jiangning alternate road Jiangning, let Li Ruiqing take over as governor, served as school supervisor for six years. With the motto of "chewing vegetable roots and doing great things", the school initiated the establishment of an art department and developed into the first institution of higher learning in Southeast China.
1907, 189 1 Christian College founded by American Christian Church and 1894 Presbyterian College founded by American Presbyterian Church merged into United Christian College.
19 10, Hongyu College was merged into Huiwen College and founded private Nanjing University, which is known as "the hero of Jiangdong".
19 12, the school was closed due to the war. The school lasted nearly 10 years, with about 2000 graduates. Among them, there are many famous scientists Bing Zhi and Zhou Ren. Master of Chinese studies, Liu, Chen Zhongfan; Artists like Lv Fengzi and Zhang Daqian.
1965438+In August, 2004, the principals of various schools in Jiangsu Province jointly requested to "set up higher normal schools" in Liangjiang Normal School. Jiangsu inspector Han replied: "Go to Nanjing Normal University. Last year, the Ministry of Education repeatedly allowed the school buildings of Liangjiang Normal School to be rebuilt. " 19 15, Zhang Jian, then the chief industrial officer of Beiyang government and director of the State Water Resources Bureau, founded Hehai Craft School in Nanjing, which was affiliated to the State Water Resources Bureau. 19 15 March 15 officially started school. It was the first institution of higher learning to enroll students after the Revolution of 1911. The first headmaster: Xu.
1965438+In September 2005, Nanjing Normal University officially opened (hereinafter referred to as "Nanjing Normal University"). With the approval of Beiyang government, Jiang Qian, the former director of Jiangsu Education Department, was appointed as the principal.
19 15. Jinling Women's College of Arts and Sciences opened in Nanjing, a famous modern women's church university in China. The first president was Mrs. Debenham.
19 19, Dr. Guo Bingwen, who studied in the United States, took over as the president of Nanjing Normal University. During this period, there was a saying that "there is Peking University in the north and high in the south".
192 1 year, Zhang Jian, Cai Yuanpei, Guo Bingwen, etc. 10 people signed a letter to establish the National Southeast University on the basis of Nanjing Normal University. There are 23 departments, integrating literature, science, teachers, agriculture, industry and commerce. The number of disciplines ranks first in China, attracting numerous scholars who are proficient in both Chinese and Western learning, such as physicist Dr. Hu, meteorologist Zhu Kezhen, educator Xiong Qinglai, Tao Xingzhi and bridge expert Mao Yisheng.
1923, South Normal University was formally merged into National Southeast University. At this time, there are 200 faculty members, students 1600, and the funds are more than 400,000.
1924, Southeast University decided to stop the project, and the project was merged into Hehai Engineering College, renamed as Why Haihai Engineering University, still under the State Water Conservancy Bureau, and its first president was Mao Yisheng.
From 65438 to 0927, Nanjing National Government implemented the university district system, and four Sun Yat-sen universities were established nationwide. After the merger of National Southeast University and other universities, the fourth Sun Yat-sen University was established, and Hohai University of Technology was merged into the Civil Engineering Department of the Institute of Technology.
1928 February, the Fourth Sun Yat-sen University was renamed Jiangsu University; In April, it was named National Central University. There are eight colleges of literature, science, law, teaching, agriculture, engineering, business and medicine, which were the most comprehensive and largest universities in China at that time.
1937 War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression moved to Sichuan to start school. In Shapingba, Chongqing, aided by Chongqing University, the Medical College moved to Huaxi Dam, Chengdu, relying on the support of Huaxi University.
1946, after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War.
National Fifth Sun Yat-sen University:
National Henan University:
Following the footsteps of modern university Shi Jing University Hall, Henan University Hall was born in Kaifeng, the provincial capital, on 1902, but the university did not develop. 10 years later, 19 12 years later, a group of Henan people followed the example of Tsinghua preparatory school for studying in the United States and founded Henan preparatory school for studying in the United States, which is rare in China, and Nanyang Public School, the predecessor of Jiaotong University. In the poor and weak inland Central Plains, Henan Preparatory School for Studying in Europe and America is far-sighted, ambitious and advanced in teaching. Zhao Jiuzhang (father of China satellite), Yang Tingbao (architect), Yan Zhenxing (water conservancy master) and Zhang Bosheng (earth giant) have been trained, and students have been sent to Europe and America for further study. Most of these people later became pillars.
Then universities mushroomed, and undergraduate departments were established in Tsinghua. Henan needs universities, and the preparatory school for studying in Europe and America in Henan has been changed to Zhongzhou University. The time is 1923. Bai Yang Feng Youlan is the director of liberal arts, and Cao Liqing, a returnee, is the director of science. However, Li Jingzhai, the former president who is also a foreign doctor, has always advocated changing the preparatory school for studying in Europe and America into an industrial school. He resigned to show his ambition. The two roads are completely different. Feng Youlan, a philosopher, takes a long-term view and tends to general education to improve the quality of the people, while Li Jingzhai is a contingency thought. At that time, engineering should be developed to promote industrialization. Right or wrong? It's hard to judge. However, if according to Li Jingzhai's idea, the school is mainly engineering, then in the adjustment of 1952 departments, Henan University will become an engineering college like Zhejiang University and Hunan University, instead of becoming a normal college together with Shanxi University.
In 1930s and 1940s, Hoda University had dozens of returnees, and it is still very competitive today after 60 years. After liberation, Wang Mingqi, Ph.D. in biology, became the head of biology department of Fudan University, and Yan Kai of water conservancy department became the president of Hohai University. The communication between Li, a doctor of chemistry, and Joseph Needham, an Englishman, inspired him to write The History of Ancient Science and Technology in China. The presidents of many universities, such as, Deng,, Xu, and Huang, are foreign doctors. These scholars who have been nourished by modern European and American civilizations have brought He Dada to a high level.
The University of Hoda was able to rise. First, it depends on recruiting talents. For example,, and Zhang invite people everywhere. The other is good at management. Henan University has obtained many policies and funds from the Ministry of Education and the province. Yan Zhenxing, dean of the Institute of Technology, later became the Minister of Education, the principal became the executive vice minister of the Ministry of Education, Deng also became the vice minister of education, the president of the examination institute, and the president of the Academia Sinica ... Another point is that people who are 26 years old can be professors, and people without academic qualifications can also be professors. Henan University has many flaws.
Before liberation, the canal in Kaifeng was still open, and there were many teachers and students from outside the province in Hoda University. In this turbulent era, Hoda University has made great achievements in scientific research and teaching, and trained many talents. Since they participated in the excavation of Yin Ruins in the 1920s, the teachers and students of Heda University have become an important force in the study of Yin Ruins and Oracle Bone Inscriptions, and many famous scholars such as Dong Zuobin, Shi,,, and Zhu Fangpu have emerged. Deng Tuo, an economics student, wrote "The History of Saving the Famine in China" at school, which filled the blank. Kyle, a chemistry major, composed music at the bedside and eventually became a great generation. Medical college contributed a lot to Taierzhuang's anti-Japanese war medical treatment, and a group of writers emerged in the College of Liberal Arts. Many later celebrities, such as Yuan, Bai Shouyi, Wang Shiwei and Yao, studied in universities.
The quiet campus life of Hoda University is always in the ebb and flow, with frequent factional struggles, vigorous anti-Japanese and anti-violence, and frequent underground activities. Many people have embarked on the revolutionary road, such as Wang, Luo, Deng Tuo. From 65438 to 0948, under the leadership of, Ji and Wang, hundreds of teachers and students from the left wing of Henan University went to the Central Plains Liberated Area. On this basis, Chen Yi founded Zhongyuan University, with Fan Wenlan as the president. Chung Yuan Christian University moved to Wuhan with the Central Plains Bureau of the Communist Party of China in 1949, and later developed into Zhongnan University of Finance and Economics. The headquarters of Henan University was ordered by the Kuomintang to move south to Taiwan Province Province, stopping in Suzhou first. Many people refused to go to Taiwan Province. This school relocation has caused a large number of brain drain along the way. Because of the European and American color of Hoda University, many teachers and students finally went to Taiwan Province Province. The rest returned to Kaifeng after liberation.
After the founding of New China, higher education adopted the Soviet model, emphasizing division of labor and specialization, compressing universities and strengthening engineering colleges and normal colleges. This is different from paying attention to comprehensiveness according to the Anglo-American model in the Republic of China. As a result, the Medical College and Agricultural College of Henan University were established independently, the Department of Finance and Economics was established in Zhongnan College of Finance and Economics, the Department of Water Conservancy was established in Wuhan College of Water Conservancy, the Department of Civil Engineering was merged into Hunan University, the Department of Plant Pests and Diseases was merged into Huazhong Agricultural College, and the Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine was merged into Jiangxi Agricultural College. Henan University only has arts and sciences, but later it did not retain the status of a comprehensive university like Shandong University, but became a normal university. Later, only Beijing Normal University, East China and Northeast China were the key points.
The key point of the decline of Hoda University is two decision-making mistakes in the province. One is that 1955 moved the science department of Hoda University to Xinxiang and concentrated on opening liberal arts in Kaifeng. The College of Science of Henan University, which has accumulated a lot, only got the third major in liberal arts in the newly-built Pingyuan Normal College. There are also two normal colleges in Jiangsu, Nanjing and Suzhou, and there is no intermodulation major to build liberal arts. In view of the scale of Henan, Henan Normal University and Pingyuan Normal University should have been built separately long ago, instead of just building Kaifeng liberal arts and Xinxiang science branches. Then the two branches each walk on one leg. The province's miserliness made Kaifeng Hoda University, which had only liberal arts left, unable to be selected into previous national key universities, which led to the situation that there was no national key university in Henan Province for a long time.
Second, after the provincial capital moved to Zheng, it did not take away the liberal arts branch of the original university. However, he took away the former Medical College and Agricultural College of Heda University, and later took away the Department of Chemistry of Heda University to establish Henan Institute of Chemical Technology (one of the predecessors of Zhengzhou University of Technology). Anhui and Guangxi moved their capitals, taking away the highest institutions of learning. Therefore, when the six districts were abolished and comprehensive universities appeared in various provinces, Shanxi Normal University and Anhui Normal University (formerly Anhui University) quickly merged with the newly established Shanxi University and Anhui University, and the old Shanxi University and Anhui University were restored. However, because Henan Normal University stayed in Kaifeng, it was unable to merge with the newly established Zhengzhou University and restore the old Henan University. Due to the policy restriction of one comprehensive university in one province, Hoda University was renamed as 1984 after more than 20 years, but it still serves as a normal college. For a long time, scientific research has not been the mainstream, and the employment of students is mostly confined to middle school teachers, which has seriously affected the development of Hoda University. We can see the huge gap between Shandong University, which moved to the provincial capital, and Henan University, which did not move to the provincial capital. Henan University is not only the provincial capital but also a normal college, so it is natural for the province to attach importance to Zhengzhou University.
It is worth mentioning that Kaifeng Teachers College, which evolved from Henan University Hall, was merged into Kaifeng Teachers College (Henan University) in the 1960s, making He Da a college of arts and sciences again and starting a difficult process of science revival. Xinxiang Normal University has gradually established liberal arts, so it is impossible for Xinxiang's science to return to Kaifeng. In this way, the left-wingers of the three universities, Li, went to Wuhan Zhongyuan University, Zhengzhou University and Xinxiang Normal College respectively and became presidents.
With the support of Governor Feng Yuxiang, Zhongzhou University has developed rapidly, merging the College of Agriculture and the College of Law and Politics into a comprehensive university, and won the title of the fifth Sun Yat-sen University in China. Perhaps this fifth Zhongshan is still behind the second Zhongshan Wuda, the third Zhongshan Zhejiang University and the fourth Zhongshan Nanda, but it is not mediocre. Like Zhejiang University, Hoda University also rose in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.
Zhongzhou University was later renamed Henan University, because the old Henan University Hall became a secondary school. 1928 Henan university established a medical college and merged with the existing five colleges of literature, science, law and agriculture. Henan University began to cultivate deeply, and the buildings of the school still showed the verve and grade at that time. These buildings keep pace with Central University (now Southeast University Campus) and Jinling University (now Nanjing University Campus), ranking among the top in the country. The cost of the auditorium is 200,000 yuan, and the roof truss imported from Germany can accommodate 3,000 people. At that time, Hoda University had only 500 teachers and students. Zhailou, Building 6 and Building 7 are ingenious and amazing! These buildings are both scientific and beautiful, and they are still the pride of Hoda University. At that time, the campus was surrounded by the Ming city wall in the east, the river in the west, the iron tower in the north and the great lake in the south, with a quiet and elegant atmosphere. Regret has changed a lot now. Before liberation, Hoda University had a campus of more than 2,000 mu, which was known as the largest university in North China (Tsinghua had not expanded eastward at that time) and was scattered in many places in Kaifeng. After liberation, with the independence of the Medical College of A&M, there were only 800 acres left on the campus.
In 1930s, Henan University was already very strong and full of talents, but it was not until 1942 that it got the opportunity to be upgraded to a national level. From 65438 to 0944, in the evaluation of universities by the Ministry of Education, Hoda University won the sixth place in the national universities. This position is very doubtful today. Is it possible? Others say that Heda University ranks among several universities registered by UNESCO in China because Joseph Needham, a historian of science, visited Heda University during his stay in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. In 2003, Henan University was selected as one of the top ten universities in China and CCTV's "World Famous School", which caused national ridicule. Henan University officials didn't disclose much information about the past. I think Hoda University can at least enter the top 20 universities in the Republic of China. Its agricultural college and medical college are doing very well. Medical college used to be one of the top five universities in China, and it was the first batch to obtain doctoral degrees after liberation. The College of Liberal Arts is even more famous, including Dong Zuobin, Xiao Yishan, Meng, Chu Tunan,. The Department of Education ranks among the top six in China, and Li Bingde, a graduate student, has been trained. The strength of Hoda University can also be seen from the numerous courses offered by the law school in that year.
Why not go directly to the Ministry of Education? Similarly, Henan Medical College is not worse than Shandong Medical College and Xi 'an Medical College at that time, but it is not directly under the Ministry of Health like the latter two. The reason is unknown, probably because Henan did not strive for the central government at the beginning of reform and opening up. Anyway, at that time, it was a planned economy, and talents were always divided, no matter where they were trained. If we strive for it, the central government should consider the needs of Henan, a big province. What's more, Comrade Yaobang is still very concerned about Henan.
Another problem is that the University of Hoda has no doctoral programs in Chinese, history and geography, which was at the forefront of the country at that time. One explanation is that the Ministry of Education maintains pressure and doctoral programs are concentrated in key universities. At that time, a local normal college, no matter how strong you are, will not become a doctoral unit. He Da, who lives in Kaifeng, has faded out of people's sight after decades of elutriation after the founding of the People's Republic of China. When He Da made concessions again and again, it no longer had the right to speak for treatment, and its former Excellence was also questioned.
Since the late 1980s, talents have gathered in developed areas, the status of basic disciplines of arts and sciences has declined, local colleges and universities have encountered bottlenecks in policies and funds, and traditional concepts and practices in inland areas have failed to keep pace with the development of the times. As a result, with the decline of Kaifeng, it is difficult for Henan University to move forward, and its relative position has obviously declined.
In the face of many difficulties, He Da struggled hard. Despite his chronic illness, the aristocratic blood that had crossed the ocean and was unwilling to sink was still endless.
After several generations of efforts, the physics and chemistry of Hoda University has developed, biology and civil engineering have been rebuilt one after another, economy and law have improved, and medicine and pharmacy have grown from scratch. Henan University has started a new journey of rising.
On June, 2008, 65438+1October, 65438+1October, 7, 2008, Henan University officially became a university jointly built by the province and the Ministry, which opened the curtain for Henan University to build a high-level university on a new platform.
The Song, Yue and Cangjiang River is full of distant Central Plains culture. Many storms come together and carry on the past. There are many enemies in the suburbs, and the countryside is unforgettable. Democracy is a science that makes Zhang Yi keep our school alive.
National Sun Yat-sen University in Taiwan Province Province:
National Sun Yat-sen University (NSYSU) is one of the research-oriented "national" universities in Taiwan. Its predecessor was the National Guangdong University founded by Sun Yat-sen in Guangzhou in 1924. After the Kuomintang Regiment moved to Taiwan, in order to meet the growing demand for higher education in society,1In July, 980, Jiang Jingguo designated Xiziwan, a famous tourist attraction in Kaohsiung City, the largest city in South Taiwan Province Province, to set up a school, becoming the second comprehensive university south of Zhuoshui River after the "national" national cheng kung university, and the first university adjacent to the international seaport and MRT station, and adjacent to the cultural relics such as Xiongzhen North Gate and the former Qing Dog British Consulate.
This university is the first university in Asia to pass ISO9002 certification and the first university in the world to pass ISO 1400 1 certification. It is not only an outstanding marine science teaching and research center, but also ranks first in the academic field of social sciences in the south-central part of Taiwan Province Province, and has been selected as one of the "plans to develop world-class universities and top research centers" in succession. At present, Sun Yat-sen University has the first AACSB-certified world-class business school among universities in China, as well as the depository libraries of three university libraries in Taiwan Province jointly owned by National Taiwan University and Jiaotong University, and has been continuously rated as "Top 500 Universities in the World" by Times Higher Education, ranking second in the field of social sciences, "Top 0/000 Business Schools in the World" and "Top 500 Universities in ESI". As an important think tank of Taiwan Province's industry and government for a long time, a large number of professors and alumni can play an important role in the process of democratization in Taiwan Province Province, and at the same time, a considerable number of enterprise executives and "members of Congress" have been trained.
[Edit this paragraph] Overview
School name
The name of "national" Sun Yat-sen University is taken from Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the founder of Guangzhou.
regulations
"National" Sun Yat-sen University abides by the organizational rules of "National" Sun Yat-sen University as its founding principle.
core value
"As for the continuous improvement of professional level"
overall goals
"By cultivating leaders in various fields to contribute to society".
Educational goal
1. Promotion of academic professionalism.
2. Cultivate humanistic spirit.
3. Pursuing unlimited creativity and innovation.
4. Cultivate a culture with a global perspective.
5. Promote the balanced development of quality education.
Educational vision
It is planned to enter the world-class universities within 12 (20 17) in 2005, with the goal of ranking the top 200 universities in the world.
School spirit and characteristics
The four school ethos revealed by President Lee Huan are loyalty, optimism, generosity and modesty. In addition, he also requested that the department setting of Sun Yat-sen University should be closely coordinated with national policies and national construction.
Sun Yat-sen University, as the initiator of T3 University Alliance, is also the top university with the shortest school age. It is taking Dartmouth College, an American ivy league school, as a model for its development direction, and has planned to become one of the top 200 universities in the world, and set up the School of Life Sciences in 20 17. At present, the research on WLAN in Institute of Technology has reached the world-class level.
At present, the school has a wealth of cultural relics related to Sun Yat-sen. ..