Alexander (356 BC! 323 BC), a Macedonian military commander, king, outstanding politician and strategist in ancient Greece and Rome. He received a strict court education since childhood, with keen thinking and outstanding intelligence. He loved the art of war and followed his father at an early age. In 336 BC, his father Philip II was assassinated. At the age of 20, he succeeded to the throne. After he ascended the throne, he used severe measures to pacify the civil strife in the imperial court, engaged in military reform, developed the phalanx tactics of ancient Greece, and built a "dragon cavalry" who could ride horses and fight on foot. Externally, he continued the expansion of his father's generation and made a large-scale expedition to Asia and North Africa, which was called "Alexander's eastward expedition" in history. With the Macedonian army as the core, in 334 BC, he led a huge navy and army to launch an expedition to the east, which dealt a heavy blow to the powerful Persian army again and again, and successively won the battles of Isus and Gauguin Milla, captured large areas of land in Egypt, Babylon, Persia, Medea and other countries, and created a huge empire across Europe, Asia and Africa. In 330 BC, it continued eastward into Central Asia along the south bank of the Caspian Sea, passing through Rest, Daxia and Sogdian, and it was not until Punjab in the upper reaches of the Indus River that troops were dispatched. In the spring of 324 BC, the commander-in-chief of the army who had fought for many years finally returned to Babylon. But by this time, his condition was quite serious and he died in June of the following year. After his death, the great empire he built by force across Europe, Asia and Africa quickly collapsed.

In 336 BC, Philip II was assassinated and 20-year-old Alexander succeeded to the throne. Due to the sudden death of Philip II, court riots and northern tribal uprisings, Greek anti-Macedonian leaders took the opportunity to reorganize the anti-Macedonian alliance, with the intention of strangling the young Alexander regime in the cradle. Due to internal troubles and foreign invasion, the situation in Macedonia is very serious. Alexander acted decisively and responded quickly. Before the Greek League was organized, he had come to Greece as if from the sky. He followed Philip II's example and held an all-Greek conference in Corinth, thus becoming the supreme commander of Macedonian and Greek allied forces.

The unification of Greece is an extremely important measure taken by Alexander, and it is also a reliable guarantee for his victory in the Eastern Expedition. In the spring of 334 BC, as the commander-in-chief of the Macedonian and Greek allied forces, he skillfully used the power of the Greeks to organize a powerful crusade, declared war on the Persian Empire under the pretext that the Persians ravaged the Greek holy land and participated in the murder of Philip II, and began a large-scale invasion expedition to Asia and North Africa.

Alexander led his troops across the Heiles Strait and into Asia, and confronted Persian troops for the first time near the Gra nikos River on the south bank of Marathi. Persian troops were on the high ground on the right bank of the river, waiting for the opportunity to move ahead and take advantage of it, while Macedonian troops were exhausted after a long journey. In order to boost morale, Alexander personally led the brave cavalry, forcibly crossed the river and attacked quickly. The Persian army suffered heavy casualties and was soon defeated. Alexander's victory in the first battle opened the way for marching into Asia Minor. Since then, he has not encountered large-scale resistance in Asia Minor.

In the autumn of 333 BC, Alexander first fought the Persian army near Isus. Alexander attacked Persian Zhong Jun quickly and abnormally with heavy phalanx and heavy cavalry. The two sides fought fiercely, and Darius Iii wavered and fled first. The Persian army collapsed immediately.

In the spring of 332 BC, Alexander continued to push south. Many Phoenician cities surrendered without fighting. For the conquered areas, Alexander adopted the policy of combining kindness with compassion and combining leniency with severity. Shortly after he occupied all parts of Phoenicia, he led an army into Egypt. He used the dissatisfaction of the people under Persian rule to pretend to be a liberator, and at the same time, he sized up the situation and improvised. He paid special attention to wooing the Egyptian sacrificial class, because he knew that the Egyptian Amon sacrificial group played an important role in Egyptian politics, had strong economic strength and had great influence among the people. So, he gave generously, even trudged through the desert, went through all the hardships, and personally went to Xiwa Oasis to worship the temple of Amon. Therefore, Alexander was supported by the Egyptian sacrificial group and was declared as the son of Amon, thus becoming the legal heir of the Egyptian Pharaoh.

In the spring of 33 1 BC, Alexander set out from Egypt, passed through Palestine and Syria and invaded Mesopotamia. Outside the village of Goga Milla near Nineveh, a historic decisive battle was waged with the Persian army.

In the Battle of Goga Milla, Alexander wiped out the effective forces of Persia. After that, Alexander occupied Babylon, Susa, the capital of Persia, and Persepolis, the ancient capital of Persia, with almost no resistance, and carried out amazing looting and plunder. Soon after, Alexander tracked Darius to Parthia and Bactria, and Darius Iii was killed. Alexander captured the governor of Darius Iii, Bezos, and executed him for treason. The Ahmenid dynasty in Persia perished, and Alexander replaced the rule of the Persian Empire.

Later, Alexander marched into Central Asia. Although he was resisted by the people of Central Asia, he still occupied some places in Central Asia. In 327 BC, Alexander marched into India again, taking advantage of the contradictions among Indian countries and occupying some countries in the Indus Valley. He also tried to conquer the Ganges valley, but because soldiers were tired of fighting and afraid of the power of Indian Capricorn, he was forced to retreat and returned to Babylon in 325 BC. 10' s crusade is over. After a large-scale military conquest, Alexander established an unprecedented empire. Its territory starts from Greece and Macedonia in the west, reaches the Indus Valley in the east, borders the first waterfall of the Nile in the south and reaches the capital Babylon in the north.

Alexander is a famous military commander. He is invincible and invincible. Although the war of aggression he launched brought great misfortune to the people of Europe, Asia and Africa. But objectively, the Crusades created conditions for cultural, political and economic exchanges between the East and the West. In the vast territory of the empire, the economic, trade and cultural ties between various ethnic groups in West Asia, Central Asia, Egypt, India and Greece have been generally strengthened, and their scale and content are unprecedented.