2. Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude: Confucius advocates that different people should be given different education.
3. Inspiration and induction: Confucius advocates not being angry, not being angry, not being angry.
It means: don't enlighten students until they understand, but they still don't understand; Don't inspire students until they understand, but they can't express it perfectly.
4. Combination of learning and thinking: Confucius advocates learning without thinking, and thinking without learning is dangerous. This means that if you just study without thinking, you will be confused and get nothing. Thinking without studying is like building a tower on the beach, and you will get nothing.
Only by combining thinking with learning can we learn real knowledge.
5. Modesty and truthfulness: Confucius advocates that knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, and knowing is knowing. It means knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, and you have to pretend to understand. This is wisdom. The attitude of learning should be modest and honest.
Relevant Interpretation of Confucius' Educational Thought
The main contents of Confucius' moral education are "courtesy" and "benevolence". Among them, "courtesy" is the moral standard, and "benevolence" is the highest moral standard. "Rite" is the form of "benevolence" and "benevolence" is the content of "ceremony". With the spirit of "benevolence", "ceremony" can be truly enriched. In terms of moral cultivation, he put forward methods such as determination, self-denial, practice, introspection and courage to reform.
"Learning and knowing" is the dominant idea of Confucius' teaching thought. While advocating being shameless and eager to learn, he emphasized the combination of learning and thinking ("learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous"), and at the same time, he should "apply what he has learned" and apply what he has learned to social practice.
In terms of teaching methods, Confucius requires teachers to have the educational philosophy of "teaching without distinction" and "managing the country to help the world", the methodology of "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" and "heuristic", and pay attention to early childhood education and enlightenment education. He educates students to have an honest learning attitude, be open-minded and eager to learn, review what they have learned from time to time, so as to "review the past and learn new things", broaden and deepen the extension of new knowledge, and "draw inferences from others".
He first proposed heuristic teaching. He said, "No anger, no anger, no anger." This means that teachers should enlighten and inspire students appropriately when students have seriously thought and reached a certain level.
Reference to the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Confucius