Test center 1: characteristics of early childhood education
The characteristics of early childhood education is an important proposition in the teacher qualification examination, and the preparation questions cover a wide range. Among them, there are many objective questions, including single-choice questions, multiple-choice questions and judgment questions; Subjective questions include short answers, which are occasionally examined together with other knowledge points in the case. Next, we use the key words and sentences in the concept for targeted analysis.
Test site 2: the concept of preschool teachers
Teachers are the listeners and observers of children.
Kindergarten teachers should pay attention to the observation during the day's activities, capture the fleeting phenomenon and changing process of children, understand the individual differences of children, and obtain first-hand materials. Listening represents the teacher's welcome to them and what they say. It can also make children feel the teacher's concern, attention and respect for them and encourage them to explore and express boldly in the future.
② Teachers are supporters and guides in children's learning activities.
The supporting role is reflected in the activity. By observing, listening and participating in children's activities, we can master the situation of children's activities and make them carry on, maintain and end. Guidance is reflected in the need for teachers to intervene and guide children's sudden problems in time, so as to deepen exploration and promote children's active learning. For example, every time the teacher asks a question, Hong Hong always tries to answer it, but it is basically wrong. As a teacher, we should protect children's enthusiasm for answering questions and guide them to think seriously.
③ Teachers are collaborators in children's learning activities.
Teachers and children, teachers and parents, teachers and leaders should cooperate and support each other. Children's learning is interactive, and the interactive content often determines the quality of learning. Teachers should equally participate in the process of things and activities they explore. Kindergarten teachers should also learn from each other and cooperate with each other to achieve the goal of common improvement; Cooperate with parents to maximize the educational synergy.
Teachers should be researchers, learners and creators.
(1) Teachers should become researchers. First of all, teachers should have a certain understanding of scientific research, know what kind of scientific research ability they have, attach importance to cooperation with other teachers, make full use of the resources of their home communities, and constantly enrich themselves and improve their abilities.
(2) Teachers should become learners, and kindergarten teachers should establish the awareness of lifelong learning, make full use of modern information technology to enrich their majors, and learn other knowledge extensively at the same time.
(3) Teachers should be creators, and early childhood is the best period for creativity and creativity development. Developing and cultivating children's creativity and creativity is an important goal of preschool education. Teachers should pay attention to cultivating children's creative consciousness and creativity, such as parent-child operation and exploration and practice activities.
⑤ Teachers are the builders and developers of courses.
The new curriculum requires teachers to have a strong sense of curriculum and participation, change the previous concept of subject-based and passive implementation of curriculum, actively participate in local and school-based curriculum construction, and cultivate the ability to develop curriculum, evaluate curriculum, actively select and creatively use new curriculum textbooks. For example, teachers often ask doctors for some basic health care knowledge, read health-related books, and integrate these contents into teaching.
Test Center 3: Children's Perspective
In the comprehensive quality, the concept of children mainly examines single-choice questions and material analysis questions, and the examination content focuses on the in-depth understanding of the concept of educating children.
Multiple choice questions generally describe a teacher's words and deeds. After reading the exam questions, judge whether the teacher's view of children is correct and choose the best option. Material analysis questions generally give a piece of material, about 400 to 500 words, describing a teaching situation. The question is usually: please comment on Mr. XX's words and deeds from the perspective of children.
Examination requirements specified in the syllabus
1, understand the idea of "all-round development of human beings".
2. Understand the meaning of "education-oriented", love and respect children, believe that every child has development potential, and safeguard every child's personality and rights.
3. Apply the concept of "educating people" in the practice of teaching protection, treat every child fairly, and do not discriminate against children because of gender, nationality, region, economic situation, family background and physical and mental defects.
4, design or choose a variety of appropriate teaching activities, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, in order to promote the development of children's personality.
Test site 4: lying
Lying should be the biggest headache for parents, but it seems to be a small problem, and many parents don't know what to do. This small and difficult task falls on the kindergarten teacher. To really solve this problem, we must first understand why children lie.
Starting from the examination of teacher qualification certificate, the knowledge of lying has a wide range of questions, including multiple-choice questions, judgment questions, case analysis questions and so on. When answering such questions, we need to be clear about the types of lying, the reasons for lying and how to correct them.
Knowledge point analysis
First of all, we need to clarify different types of lies and analyze the causes of different types of lies. Lying can be divided into intentional lying and unintentional lying.
After defining the types of lying, we can easily find that unintentional lying is the limitation of children's psychological development, and low cognitive level leads to confusion between imagination and reality, and it is not accompanied by purpose. So adults don't need to blame, they just need to guide our children how to express their ideas correctly. As children grow older, unintentional lying will gradually disappear. On the contrary, there are different reasons behind deliberately lying. What is the reason?
From these two dimensions, we can easily see that the encouragement and punishment of adults to children is the main reason for children to deliberately lie, which also shows that as teachers, we should pay more attention to children's needs, praise children's good behaviors in time, and correct children's bad behaviors in time.
So as a teacher, what measures should be taken to effectively correct intentional lying?
Test site 5: professional ethics
1. Morality for children-love children
As a kindergarten teacher, we should treat children warmly and always pay attention to and love them. In modern society, some "immoral" teachers will treat children in inappropriate ways, such as abusing children, which should be resolutely put an end to. Kindergarten teachers should care about all children and treat them equally and fairly. In all kinds of activities, we should respect children, prohibit corporal punishment, disguised corporal punishment or irony, abuse and sarcasm, and promote children's positive, comprehensive and healthy development.
2. Treat your own morality-set an example.
As a kindergarten teacher, we should set an example, pay attention to our clothes and manners, set a good example for our children and other teachers. Therefore, we should constantly improve our professional ability and quality, be serious and rigorous in teaching attitude, be good at breaking the shackles of teaching, actively innovate, establish a correct view of children, be strict with ourselves and set an example. In addition, teachers should set an example, abide by social morality and have a decent style.
3. Treat parents' morality-respect parents.
When we get along with our parents, we should respect them and teach them honestly. As a kindergarten teacher, first of all, we are equal to our parents, so we should respect and understand our parents. Secondly, we should actively contact parents of young children, learn to listen to their opinions and suggestions carefully and get their support and cooperation.
In addition, we should actively publicize scientific parenting concepts and methods. When communicating with parents, we should not blindly blame and reprimand parents, but put both sides on an equal footing. In short, in the work of parents, teachers should stick to noble sentiments, carry forward the spirit of dedication, consciously resist the influence of bad social atmosphere, and do not take advantage of their positions to seek personal gain.
4. Treat the collective morality of preschool teachers-unity and cooperation
In dealing with the relationship with colleagues, we should be able to unite colleagues and work together wholeheartedly. When you have conflicts with your colleagues, you can face them with an open mind. Be modest and prudent, respect others, and treat colleagues sincerely. We should be good at discovering the bright spots in everyone, learning from each other and helping each other with our colleagues. Be responsible for what you say, don't discuss it, don't spread gossip.
5. Treat the moral concept of early childhood education-love one's post and be dedicated.
As a kindergarten teacher, we should love our jobs and be dedicated, which is reflected in teachers' views on children and teachers. A correct view of children requires teachers to treat children correctly, treat children with dedication and devote themselves to parenting with love and sincerity. The correct concept of teachers requires teachers to be serious and rigorous in their work, and they should have the courage to overcome whatever difficulties they encounter and strive to complete various tasks.
Test site 6: labor characteristics
1. Initiative and naivety of the working object
Children are the objects of kindergarten teachers' labor. In the process of education, children are active and naive. Children are the main body of learning. Children's learning is not a passive process of accepting knowledge, but a process of active learning. Subjective initiative is the key factor to determine the success of children's study.
In addition, due to the limitations of children's physical development, they cannot understand too profound knowledge. For example, children can understand that there are four seasons in a year: spring, summer, autumn and winter, but they can't understand the revolution of the earth. Therefore, in educational activities, the knowledge that teachers impart to children should be simple and easy to understand, and it needs to conform to the characteristics of children's innocence.
2. The comprehensiveness and comprehensiveness of labor tasks
The task of preschool teachers should be comprehensive and comprehensive. Teachers' labor task is comprehensive, because children's development is all-round development of morality, intelligence, physical beauty, so kindergarten teachers' labor should also cover all aspects of children's development, so as to promote children's all-round development of morality, intelligence, physical beauty. In addition, because children learn through a series of educational activities, the educational activities organized by teachers should cover five fields: health, language, society, science and art.
When designing educational activities, preschool teachers should ensure that activities in all fields are mutually infiltrated and inseparable. For example, physical and mental health care activities in the health field can be explained through language stories, consolidated and promoted through painting games, and extended through outdoor scientific and effective activities. Therefore, teachers' labor tasks should also be comprehensive.
3. Creativity and flexibility of the labor process
The labor process of preschool teachers is flexible and creative. Because of age characteristics and individual differences, children will be attracted by many interesting things, so the educational activities organized by preschool teachers should be flexible.
For example, teachers organize children to do outdoor activities and observe the shape of leaves, which may be attracted by caterpillars crawling on trees, and they all gather around to observe caterpillars. At this time, teachers should improvise, change the educational objectives appropriately, and introduce relevant educational contents to children. Therefore, the educational process is flexible and creative.
Children are natural creators, and every child has great creative potential, so as a kindergarten teacher, when designing educational activities, we should try our best to choose creative ones.
4. Subjectivity and demonstration of labor means
In the process of education, the educational means adopted by preschool teachers are also very important, and good educational means are conducive to achieving educational goals. The labor means of preschool teachers should be subjective and exemplary. Teachers are the main body of teaching, so in educational activities, teachers should set an example.
In addition, teachers should set an example when carrying out educational activities. For example, when children learn the correct jumping movements, teachers should demonstrate and explain, so that children can intuitively feel the correct way through demonstration, thus achieving twice the result with half the effort.
5. The long-term nature of the labor cycle
Children's good habits and development can not be promoted overnight, so it also determines that the labor cycle of kindergarten teachers is not short-term, but needs long-term consideration. The designed educational activities should also have a long-term and systematic planning to promote children's long-term and comprehensive development.
6. The integrity of preschool teachers' labor.
The work of preschool teachers is not divided, but a whole. Preschool teachers should not only take care of children's life, but also shoulder the educational problem of promoting children's all-round development. Guiding children to grow up in an all-round and healthy way requires teachers to combine nursing and teaching. In addition to facing children, teachers also need to face parents and guide them to establish a correct, scientific and reasonable concept of parenting. Therefore, the work of preschool teachers is holistic.