Behind the cultural prosperity of the Song Dynasty, it is inseparable from the excellent inheritance of children's enlightenment education. Children's education in Song Dynasty mainly includes imparting ethics, learning cultural knowledge and developing lifestyle. The influence of children's education in Song Dynasty is still far-reaching. The cultivation of the above three aspects is similar to the all-round development of the educational methods we accept today.

The education in the Song Dynasty is mainly based on Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism, with The Great Learning, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius and Mencius as the basic books for teaching. Zhu also wrote Things Children Should Know and Elementary School, which are basic books for children.