(1) teaching method. Teaching method is a way for teachers to systematically impart knowledge to students by oral language;

(2) Heart-to-heart talk, also known as question-and-answer method, is a way for teachers to ask students questions according to certain teaching requirements, ask students to answer, and guide students to acquire new knowledge or consolidate old knowledge through question-and-answer methods. Conversation can be divided into retrospective conversation and enlightening conversation;

(3) Discussion method. Discussion method is a way for students to discuss and debate a problem under the guidance of teachers, so as to acquire knowledge.

(4) Reading instruction method. Reading guidance method is a way for teachers to guide students to read textbooks and reference books and cultivate students' self-study ability. The key word in the definition is self-study, which shows that the main body of reading guidance method only involves students, without teachers. In the examination, the frequency of examination is lower than that of lectures, talks and discussions, and the basic definitions are mainly examined.