Education big data refers to a large-scale data collection collected, stored and analyzed in the field of education. The "big" refers to the huge scale and quantity of data, covering a wide range of educational fields, including students' academic performance, behavior data, teaching resources, teacher evaluation and so on. Data are collected and processed by technical means, which can be used for educational decision-making, teaching improvement, personalized learning and so on. The characteristics of educational big data include large amount of data, fast data updating speed and diverse data types, which enable educational institutions and practitioners to better understand students' learning situation and needs and provide more effective teaching and management strategies.