What is the function of educational purpose?

Educational purpose: refers to the expected result of education, which is the general requirement for the educated according to the needs and laws of certain social development and the self-development of the educated, and specifies what kind of person the educated should be cultivated, which is the quality specification standard for cultivating people.

Educational purpose function

1 plays an educational guiding role.

2. Implementing the education policy has an incentive effect.

3. An important criterion for evaluating the educational effect

4. It has the function of adjustment.

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The purpose of education is to cultivate people's overall goal. It is related to the fundamental question of what kind of social role and quality the educated should be trained to be. It is the starting point of educational practice. According to the needs of certain social productive forces, production relations and people's own development.

Historically, it varies with different social systems, national cultural traditions and educational ideas. It has class nature in class society. The education in Athens, ancient Greece requires the cultivation of people with harmonious physical and mental development; Spartan education needs to cultivate brave and skilled people. China's feudal society demanded the cultivation of literati in Ming Dynasty.

The purpose of education refers to the general requirements of education for the quality and specifications of the people to be trained, that is, to solve the problem of what kind of people to train. According to the provisions of the Education Law, the purpose of education in China at this stage is to "cultivate students' innovative spirit and practical ability, and cultivate builders and successors of the socialist cause with all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique and beauty".

The purpose of education is different from the training objectives and professional training specifications. The purpose of education is the general requirement of all levels and types of education for personnel training standards, while the training objectives and professional training specifications are the specific requirements of a certain level and category of education or a certain major. The formulation of training objectives and professional training specifications should not violate the educational purpose, but it is not equal to the educational purpose.

At the same time, the purpose of education also affects and restricts the curriculum objectives and teaching objectives. In a word, the relationship between education goal and training goal, curriculum goal and teaching goal is general and special, universal and individual, total and sub-goal, and the order is: education goal-training goal-curriculum goal-teaching goal.

Education must serve the socialist modernization and the people, and must be combined with productive labor and social practice to cultivate socialist builders and successors with all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique and beauty.

Generally speaking, the purpose of education refers to the general provisions and requirements made by the state or society for the quality specifications of the people to be trained in education. Specifically, the purpose of education refers to the expected results of educational activities, and it is people's expectation of the state that the educated have reached, that is, what changes people expect the educated to have in body and mind through education, or what results will be produced.

The purpose of education is different from educational policy. Educational policy is the general requirement of educational work stipulated by the state according to political and economic requirements in order to achieve educational purposes. It is a general summary of the educational policy, and its contents include the guiding ideology of education, the overall specifications of cultivating talents and the basic ways to realize educational goals. From this perspective, the purpose and mode of education are still different:

The former focuses on the question of "what kind of people to train", while the latter answers the question of "how to train people" in addition to "what kind of people to train". In addition, some scholars believe that "educational purpose" is a theoretical term and an academic concept, which belongs to the basic theoretical category of pedagogy; "Education policy" is a working term and a political concept, which belongs to the field of education policy. The purpose of education can be put forward by social groups or individuals and is not binding on educational practice. Education policy is usually put forward by * * * or political parties, which is mandatory for educational practice.

Undoubtedly, the purpose of education is the core of the whole educational work, the starting point and destination of educational activities, and the fundamental basis for determining curriculum and teaching objectives, selecting educational content and methods, and evaluating educational effects. To sum up, the purpose of education has the functions of guidance, guidance, encouragement and evaluation.

The educational purpose of all-round development and its constituent elements

1, educational purpose:

All-round development aims to provide qualified talents for a harmonious society, because we know that many writers need to rely on physics and chemistry for inspiration, and science fiction, for example, is also based on scientific theories.

Science also needs the edification of literature. For example, the invention of the pendulum, many scientific creations are based on religion. All-round development is more conducive to China's integration with foreign advanced education and training higher-level talents.

2. Components:

Moral education is to cultivate students' correct outlook on life and values, good moral quality and correct political concepts, and correct thinking methods.

Intellectual education is an education that gives students systematic scientific and cultural knowledge and skills, develops their intelligence and non-intellectual factors related to learning.

Physical education is an education that endows students with healthy knowledge and skills, develops physical strength, strengthens physique and cultivates willpower.

Aesthetic education is an education that cultivates students' aesthetic ability, develops students' ability to appreciate and create beauty, and cultivates students' noble sentiment and civilized quality.

Labor education is to cultivate students' labor concepts and skills.

(2) Structural expansion reading for the purpose of education:

Quality education:

1, the cultivation of creativity:

The essence of ability is creativity. Creation is the premise of social development. Creativity is the foundation of productivity development and social civilization. The cultivation of creative ability should especially run through preschool education and compulsory education, and cultivate innovative ideas and innovative thinking ability from an early age; China's "exam-oriented education" has seriously hampered the cultivation and development of a generation's creative ability and affected the development speed of science and technology in China.

2, the cultivation of self-study ability:

In today's society, science and technology are developing rapidly and knowledge is increasing dramatically. In the middle school stage, students can only choose the most basic and basic knowledge to teach. Self-study ability is the guarantee for students to acquire new knowledge and apply it independently on the basis of existing knowledge and skills.

3, social morality education:

Social morality is the code of conduct and norms that human society should follow when getting along with others. In the process of growth and development, everyone should learn to abide by social morality, complete psychological and spiritual evolution and maturity, and be liberated from the imprisonment of selfish and barbaric animal nature.

4, world outlook education:

World outlook is people's fundamental view of the whole world. The scientific world outlook must be gradually formed in the process of constantly learning knowledge of nature and social knowledge.

5, outlook on life education:

Outlook on life is the fundamental outlook on life. Mainly includes: life purpose, life attitude and life value. It is a scientific outlook on life to take the world as our responsibility, proceed from the survival and sustainable development of all mankind, and constantly develop productive forces, with the highest goal of realizing the material civilization, spiritual civilization and political civilization of all mankind.

6, labor concept education:

People should constantly develop social productive forces, improve the quality of survival and life, and strive for the sustainable development of mankind. People must become social productive forces, labor force and create wealth.

7, lifelong learning education:

2 1 century is a new century of scientific and technological revolution and an era of knowledge explosion. It is impossible for everyone to learn all the knowledge needed to enter the society in the future at school. With the development of society, everyone must constantly learn, enrich and improve according to needs in production practice. Therefore, everyone must also put their continuous learning and the cultivation of good learning ability in an important position. Modern people must study all their lives.

8, the cultivation of aesthetic concept and ability:

Strengthening subject aesthetic education in middle school teaching can cultivate and develop students' aesthetic feeling, make them form hobbies for various subjects, stimulate their best motivation for learning, promote the development of creative thinking and further improve teaching quality. Aesthetic ability is also the basis of promoting students' permanent memory of knowledge and improving learning efficiency.

The purpose of education in the three-tier structure, the bottom is (). A. Training objectives B. Teaching objectives C. Curriculum objectives D. Classroom objectives

The purpose of education is the teaching goal of the lowest teacher in the three-level structure. The purpose of education includes three levels: the educational purpose of the country, the training goal of the school and the teaching goal of teachers.

The purpose of education is determined according to the requirements of political, economic, production, cultural and scientific development of a certain society and the physical and mental development of the educated. It reflects the requirements of a certain society for the educated, is the starting point and ultimate goal of educational work, and is also the basis for determining educational content, selecting educational methods, and checking and evaluating educational effects.

The aims of education and teaching are universal and special. The purpose of education is the general requirement of what kind of talents the country trains, which reflects the general demand of social members for education. Teaching purpose is the requirement of realizing educational purpose in teaching field, which reflects the needs of teaching subjects. The purpose of education guides the purpose of teaching, and the purpose of teaching must obey the purpose of education.

(3) Structural Extended Reading for the purpose of education

The function of educational purpose:

1, directional action

The purpose of education stipulates the fundamental direction of school education and student development, the fundamental guiding ideology of running a school, the general direction of student development, the starting point and destination of school education, and restricts the whole process. Schools can only run schools according to educational purposes, otherwise they will deviate from the correct direction of running schools.

2, the regulatory role

The purpose of education stipulates the basic quality specifications of school education and personnel training, and plays a role in selecting, coordinating, adjusting and controlling the contents and activities of school education.

3. Evaluation function

There are many standards to measure the quality of running a school and the quality of students' development, but the fundamental standard is the purpose of education. Generally speaking, the quality of school education that follows and realizes the school education goals is high. On the other hand, if it deviates from the educational purpose, its educational quality can not be high.

Briefly describe the structure of educational purpose

Three levels of education: family education, school education and social education.

The concept of educational purpose and educational policy

First, the concept of "educational purpose"

Definition 1: "The purpose of education is the overall goal of cultivating people. It is related to the fundamental question of what kind of social role and quality the educated should be trained, and it is the starting point of educational practice. According to the productivity of a certain society, the needs of production relations and the needs of human development. " [3]

Definition 2: "The purpose of education is to train the educated to become the general requirement of a certain social need. The purpose of education is determined according to the requirements of certain political, economic, production, cultural and scientific development and the physical and mental development of the educated. It reflects the requirements of a certain society for the educated, is the starting point and ultimate goal of educational work, and is also the basis for determining educational content, selecting educational methods, and checking and evaluating educational effects. " [4]

Definition 3: "The goal of education is the standard or effect to be achieved, which stipulates what qualities and specifications the educated should cultivate through education. Education policy often contains the expression of educational purpose. The purpose of education is the starting point and destination of educational work, and it is also the yardstick for testing educational work. It plays a guiding role in the establishment of educational system, the establishment of educational content and the choice of educational methods. The purpose of education is determined by the politics, economy and system of a certain society, and it is also subject to a certain level of social production development, which reflects the overall requirements of a certain society for talent training. Under the guidance of this general requirement, schools at all levels should determine the corresponding training objectives according to their specific tasks. [5]

Definition 4: This definition holds that the concept of educational purpose should include two levels: basic concept and normative concept. First, the basic concept: "The purpose of education is an imaginary psychological quality (or imaginary quality structure), which people hope, try or demand to be realized on the educated through education." The second is the concept of norm: "(1) The purpose of education is a norm. Like any norm, it is formulated by the norm maker or the authority of a norm for a specific controlled object. (2) The specification has dual contents. In other words, it consists of the interrelation between two specifications for two different specification objects. (3) It first contains an ideal (expectation) for the educated. It is understood as a norm, which requires the educated to reach a certain personality state. Here, it involves the assumption of a single or complex mass structure. It can be regarded as a description of the proper state of the educated personality. (4) It also contains provisions for the educated. It can be understood as a norm that requires educators to act in this way, so that the educated can give full play to their abilities and realize the ideals set by educators (or close to this state). However, this criterion does not determine how educators should act. It is just a task specification, not a technical specification. " [6]

The above definition of "educational purpose" has the following differences:

The orientation of educational purpose has different emphases. Definition 2 puts forward "people with certain social needs", and definition 3 holds that "the proposal of educational purpose is determined by the politics, economy and system of a certain society", indicating that the regulator of educational purpose is the society, a certain society, in a narrow sense, and even regards the national education policy as "educational purpose". All these are "educational purposes (written educational purposes), which only the society determines from outside the educational process." [7] There is no concern about the ideal state that the educated themselves expect to achieve. Judging from the statement that the purpose of education "reflects the requirements of a certain society for the educated", the educated are always in a passive position, and the educated are only stipulated and required, and social needs are the first purpose of education. The definition of "Top 4" educational purpose is an imaginary psychological quality, which focuses on the internal structure of individuals. This definition focuses on people's intrinsic quality and emphasizes the important position of people's ontological value in their psychological structure. Definition 4 points out that the purpose of education is "formulated by the norm maker or the authority of the norm for a specific regulated object", in which "norm maker" can refer to both the educator and the educated themselves, as well as the requirements of national policy makers and a certain society for the educated. The author believes that this definition comprehensively reflects the norms of educational purposes of different subjects. Some scholars divide the subjects that may determine the educational purpose into two categories: external educational purpose determines the subject and internal educational purpose determines the subject. The subjects that determine the purpose of external education mainly include administrative or legislative bodies, educational administrative bodies, educational groups, power groups and schools. Teachers and students are the main bodies that determine the internal educational purpose. [8] Although the definition of1focuses on social roles and personal qualities, it does not clearly define this concept by equating "purpose" with "overall goal". Several definitions have different understandings of the value orientation of educational purposes, which leads to different definitions and contents. The social value orientation of the definition of "educational purpose" in China reveals that educational practice blindly emphasizes social value, and personal value is often regarded as a tool to realize social value.

Briefly describe the content structure of educational purpose

1. Specific social, political, economic and cultural background

2. The needs of people's physical and mental development characteristics

3. People's educational ideals

4. Marx's theory of all-round development of human beings is the theoretical basis for establishing the purpose of education in China.

How to interpret the hierarchical structure of educational purpose in teacher recruitment examination

In the teacher recruitment examination, the hierarchical structure of educational purpose is the focus and difficulty of the examination. This part of the content often appears multiple-choice questions, short-answer questions and analysis questions. Especially when defining the analysis problem of negative selection, many students feel very confused and confused. So here the teacher uses some simple examples and test questions to help students understand.

First of all, from a macro point of view, the hierarchical structure of educational purpose mainly has the following four levels: the first is the educational purpose of the country; The second is the training objectives of schools of all levels and types; Third, the curriculum objectives; The fourth is the teaching goal of teachers. Next, let's compare and distinguish them in turn.

(a) The educational aims of the country

The educational aim of the country is the general requirement of the country to train people, which stipulates the general quality specifications and standard requirements of all kinds of education and training people at all levels. In other words, the educational purpose of the country is put forward by the country, which is at the first level, and its decision-making has to go through certain organizational procedures, which is generally reflected in the relevant national education laws and regulations. For example, the purpose of China's education is to train builders and successors who develop the socialist cause in an all-round way, such as morality, intelligence, physique and beauty. Therefore, no matter kindergartens, primary schools, middle schools or universities, the state hopes that these schools will train socialist builders and successors, so the purpose of national education is the general requirement of the state for training students in schools of all levels and types.

Training objectives of schools of all levels and types

The training goal of all kinds of schools at all levels is the concretization of educational purpose, and it is the training requirement of all kinds of education combining educational purpose, social requirements and the characteristics of the educated. Being at the second level of educational purpose is the specific requirements of a certain level, a certain type of school and a certain major for personnel training according to the national educational purpose, and it is the concretization of the national educational purpose in different educational stages, different levels of schools and different professional directions. For example, the training goal of all kinds of primary and secondary schools is mainly to lay the basic quality for people's lives; For example, the training goal of normal colleges is mainly to train qualified people's teachers.

At the same time, we should also pay attention to the relationship between educational purpose and training goal. The purpose of education is for all the educated, while the training objectives are for specific training objects, so they are universal and special.

(C) curriculum objectives

The goal of curriculum is to define the value and task of curriculum in a specific education stage, which is the expected result of school curriculum in a specific education stage. This is the third level of educational purpose. In other words, it is the specific goal and intention of the course itself. For example, primary school Chinese is mainly to cultivate students' language literacy such as listening, speaking, reading and writing, and lay the foundation for learning other subjects.

(D) Teachers' teaching objectives

Teaching objectives are the requirements that educators want the educated to meet or the expected changes that occur when they complete a certain stage (such as a class, a unit or a semester) in the process of education and teaching. Teachers' teaching objectives are at the fourth level, which refers to the expected standards that students can achieve after the teaching activities, such as the goals that students need to achieve at the beginning of the semester or before a class. There are three teaching objectives after the new curriculum reform in China: knowledge and ability, process and method, emotional attitude and values.

Is the hierarchical structure of educational purpose three or four?

four

There are four levels of educational goals: national educational goals, school training goals at all levels, curriculum goals and teachers' teaching goals.

First of all, the order of these four hierarchies from big to small cannot be changed. We prepare for the exam in the form of multiple-choice questions.