1, teacher-centered: In this theory, teachers are the core of teaching, and they are responsible for planning, organizing and implementing classroom teaching. Students' learning mainly depends on the guidance and guidance of teachers. This model emphasizes the authority and guiding role of teachers, and holds that teachers are the main source of students' knowledge and the disseminator of knowledge, with high professional knowledge and skills.
2. Curriculum-centered: In this theory, curriculum is the core of teaching, and students' learning is mainly achieved by accepting preset courses. This model emphasizes the systematicness and coherence of the course content, and thinks that students should study according to the order and progress of the course in order to achieve the expected learning effect.
3. Classroom-centered: In this theory, the classroom is the core of teaching, and students' learning is mainly carried out in the classroom. This model emphasizes the importance of classroom management, student participation and teacher-student interaction, and holds that classroom is an important place for students to acquire knowledge, skills and cultivate their social communication ability.
Herbart's influence has three centers:
1. Guidance of educational practice: Herbart's theory of three centers plays an important guiding role in educational practice. It provides a traditional teaching mode, helps teachers plan, organize and implement classroom teaching, and ensures that students acquire systematic knowledge and skills in the course. This model emphasizes the guiding role of teachers, so that teachers can better control the teaching progress and students' learning process.
2. Enlightenment of curriculum design: Herbart's theory of three centers also has some enlightenment to curriculum design. It emphasizes the systematicness and coherence of the course, which helps to ensure that students study in a certain order and progress and achieve the expected learning effect. This course design method helps students to establish a complete knowledge system and cultivate their logical thinking ability and problem-solving ability.
3. The value of classroom management: Herbart's three-center theory attaches importance to classroom management, student participation and teacher-student interaction. This helps to ensure the order of the classroom and students' participation, so that students can get better learning results in a good teaching environment. At the same time, this model also emphasizes the interaction between teachers and students, which is helpful to establish a good relationship between teachers and students and promote students' learning enthusiasm.
4. Limitations and shortcomings: Herbart's theory of three centers has a wide influence in the field of education, but it also has limitations and shortcomings. This model overemphasizes the guiding role of teachers and the systematization of courses, which may lead to students' lack of autonomy and creativity. At the same time, it pays too much attention to classroom order and teacher-student interaction, while ignoring students' emotional and psychological needs in the learning process.