This bottle is made of jade, with a height of 42.8 cm and a diameter of 9.6×5.4 cm. Light emerald, with a little light pink, uniform and soft color, beautiful and crystal clear. The lid is covered with peach-shaped buttons, and the sides of the lid and bottle are engraved with chrysanthemum patterns, with hollow neck and shoulders and movable rings in each ear. The bottle body is plain, evenly polished, oval, with a seat under the foot, and the upper yinxian is engraved with animal face patterns. In particular, the decorative patterns of flowers and leaves are carved by carving, which is more exquisite and quite Arabic.
Jade is loved by people all over the country, especially by the ruling class represented by Cixi. It is said that Cixi would rather have a jade ornament than a diamond headdress as a tribute, and officials choose the finest jade for fame and fortune, so jade is also called "Jade" and "Jade King".
Maitreya Buddha statue carved by Shang Qingjun.
Qing (1644-1911)
It is 6.6 cm high and 9.58 cm wide at the bottom.
Shoushan Stone is a famous stone in China, which is named after it is produced in Shoushan area of Fuzhou City, Fujian Province. Shoushan stone is "greasy, soft and easy to attack". As early as the Southern Dynasties, Shoushan Stone was regarded as a precious carving material.
The Shang Jun Shoushan Stone Maitreya Buddha statue in Tianjin Museum is 6.6 cm high and 9.9 cm wide. It is a famous carving handed down from generation to generation. Maitreya sits on a plate with a serene face and dignified posture. He was kneeling in his left hand and holding the beads in his right. His head is engraved with thin hair, and his clothes have dragons and phoenixes and hooked patterns. The author grasped the characteristics of the figure's posture and appearance to the maximum extent, and used more delicate lines in the decoration of clothes. The knife is clear, dense and not messy, which is called "holding a knife like a pen". The word "Shang Jun" on the back of Lishu is a precious Shoushan stone carving. Dry Qinglong enamel rouge purple embossed vase (a pair)
Qingganlong (1736— 1795) is 25 cm high, 6.7 cm in diameter and 6.5 cm in base diameter.
The official name of enamel porcelain should be "porcelain tire painting enamel", which is a kind of exquisite painted porcelain specially used by the Qing dynasty royal family. Enamel porcelain was created and fired in the late Kangxi period and prevailed in Yongzheng and Qianlong periods. It is characterized by exquisite porcelain, dignified colors, bright colors and exquisite painters.
The development of three generations of enamel porcelain has its own characteristics of the times. During the reign of Kangxi, most of the enamel paintings were modeled after the color patterns when bronze tires painted enamel. Uniform color application is the biggest feature of Kangxi enamel color; In the early years of Yongzheng, the enamel paintings did not change much, and the composition was still rigid and symmetrical, but the sketches began to increase and had some vitality. The background color was still carmine, yellow, blue and white. Qianlong enamel painting is greatly influenced by western painting. The color features are: apricot yellow is delicate and reddish, blue is bright, rouge red is thick and transparent.
A pair of Qing gan long enamel rouge purple relief ground treasure pattern bottles in Tianjin Museum are typical. It is 25 cm high, 6.7 cm in diameter and 6.5 cm in bottom diameter. These hooked bottles have crooked mouths, long necks, long round bellies and false round feet. The neck is blue, with a scarlet stripe pattern, hovering around the neck. The abdomen is rouge purple, the cone picks phoenix grass patterns, and three groups of rare flower patterns are painted on the yellow background, which are bright and oily. Light green glaze is applied to the inside and bottom of the bottle, and the glaze surface is wrinkled and weakly refracted. The mouth and shoulders are painted with gold, and the seal script in the center of the bottom is "Qing Gan Long Nian System". This magnificent bottle is decorated with rolling technology, which embodies the aesthetic fashion of Qingganlong advocating luxury and gorgeous.
Red and Green Tam Plate of Zhangzhou Kiln in Wanli Period of Ming Dynasty
Ming Wanli (1573 ——1620)
Height 8 cm, diameter 39 cm, foot diameter 18 cm.
The Ming Dynasty was an important period for China porcelain to go global. In the early Ming Dynasty, Zheng He made seven voyages to the West, bringing a large number of celadon and blue-and-white porcelain from China to many countries and regions. By the middle of Ming Dynasty, with the rapid development of China's non-governmental overseas trade, the export of porcelain gradually expanded. In addition to all kinds of porcelain in Jingdezhen, some folk porcelain kilns in southern China also produce many porcelain products for export.
Tianjin Museum collected a red and green compass of Ming Dynasty, which was an export porcelain produced in Zhangzhou kiln at that time. This dish is 8 cm high, 39 cm in diameter and 18 cm in foot diameter. The mouth, inclined wall, circle foot and outsole are not glazed with vermilion color. There is a red fence around the mouth, and the center of the dish is painted in red. There are twenty-five characters written in the inner circle (that is, the gossip of the cadres and branches), and the word "the best in the world" is written in the middle, indicating that the ship is located in the middle of heaven and earth, in order to pin peace and pray for good luck. Five groups of red rolling branches are painted on the inner wall of the dish, and five groups of green spraying carp jumps are painted at intervals. The main body of the composition is bright and colorful. There was no money in the Qing Dynasty.
Qing (1644-1911) silk is colored, with a vertical length of 56.3 cm and a horizontal length of 1706.7 cm. The book "Ten Thousand Days Map" vividly and meticulously describes the scene of Qianlong's southern tour of Suzhou, where the government and the people meet, which can make us more than 200 years later. In order to fully display this magnificent picture scroll, Tianjin Museum set up a special counter in Shiyaoqi Needle Exhibition Hall, which fully unfolded the17m giant system and presented the whole picture to the audience for the first time.
The Wan Wan Sky Map, a long scroll in the Qing Dynasty, is a long scroll of green silk and golden blue landscape figure painting, with a height of 56.3 cm and a length of 17 meters. On the front of the scroll, there is the seal of "Xuan Tong's Royal Treasure", which is an old collection of the Qing Palace. "Beyond the sky" was originally used to describe the Bijia Peak Group in Tianping Mountain, Suzhou. It looks like a water board held by ministers when they are making pilgrimages. Here, it is used to describe the scene of local officials and people welcoming the holy drive, pun intended. The picture starts from the suburbs of Suzhou, centering on Tianping Mountain in the west of the city, and connects the ancient temples around Zhi Zhi Mountain and Lingyan Mountain. Famous landscapes such as Guanyin Garden, Hefang Pavilion, Tingxue Pavilion, Gaoyi Garden and Baiyun Spring are vivid and accurate. The colorful and magnificent scroll vividly reproduces the landscape of Suzhou City, the amorous feelings of streets and lanes and the grand scene of the government and people welcoming Emperor Qianlong's royal drive on the long scroll of 17 meters.
The picture is centered on Lingyan Mountain and Tianping Mountain. The local civil and military officials are dressed in royal robes and kneeling on the open space with the elderly and gentry. The elderly over 80 years old are wearing yellow cloth or yellow silk shirts and holding high incense. The image of emperor Qianlong, the protagonist of the southern tour, did not appear directly in the picture, but was replaced by an apricot umbrella, with a slight corner covered by dense trees. Some scholars believe that this painting may be related to this picture, as a supplementary explanation for the southern tour or a report on the preparation of the previous route. The author of this picture cannot verify it. At the end of the volume, it can be seen that "I am grateful to the magistrate Fan Yaogong." Fan Yao, a descendant of Fan Zhongyan, a famous minister in the Song Dynasty, lived in Suzhou and was a magistrate of Datong. It was he who organized the painter to describe the scene of Ganlong's southern tour of Suzhou.
Song Zhao Meng Jian Narcissus Atlas
Zhao (1 199 —— about 1267), Zizigu, a native of Haiyan, Zhejiang. Imperial clan in song dynasty. Good at painting plum, bamboo, orchid and stone, no blame for painting. Painting daffodils in the mountains is smooth and elegant.
Zhao's Narcissus Map in Tianjin Museum is a paper book, which is 25.6 cm long and 675 cm wide. The whole volume is mainly based on line hooks (a painting form of Chinese painting, which outlines with pen and ink lines). Flowers and leaves are outlined with slender, smooth, even and beautiful line drawings, and yin and yang are highlighted with light ink, which also reflects the lofty integrity of the author.
The original volume of Narcissus Map has no title, only "Zhai Yi" is printed on the top corner of the painting. At the beginning of the package, there was an inscription "Zhao painted the original daffodils". Zhao Zixu's calligraphy level is not high, which was made up by later generations. In the Yuan Dynasty, there were poems written by Pan Chun, and poems written by Zhang Gang, Liu Yong and Zhang Bochun, which were transferred from Zhao Zigu's Long Volume of Narcissus Pictures. This volume "uses a thin and smooth pen tip, and the slope grass is particularly fluttering and dancing." Judging from the pen and ink, it is indeed the original work of the Song Dynasty. " Zhao Chuanshi's works are not many, and the Narcissus Volume in Tianjin Museum is well preserved, which is an important material for studying Zhao's pen and ink style.
This volume was collected by Xi Xian and Du Qiong in the Ming Dynasty, and then entered the Qing Palace in Tibet. It is recorded in a book collection of Shigutang and Shiqu Baodi. After liberation, he entered Tianjin Art Museum (now Tianjin Museum). Zhu Ming Shahe Fish Chengniyan
Ming (1368— 1644) is 24cm long, 2.2cm high and 15.4cm high.
In the exhibition of "Shi Yaoqi Needle" in Tianjin Museum, there is a piece of "Ming Dynasty Lotus Fish Cinnabar Cheng Ni inkstone", which is unique in firing technology and carving concept. This inkstone is a fish-shaped inkstone with a crimson color. The inkstone is backed by lotus leaves. Before firing, the lotus leaves and fish circles are all black, which is an extremely rare ancient art work.
The inkstone looks like a fish, which is homophonic with "jade" and matches the fish, meaning more than a year, good luck and wealth. The official script above the back of the inkstone: "admonish the public"; There is also a small line in regular script in the middle: "Self-dust and dirt, the literati's belly is full of books, the same as Longmen." Inscribed "Song Giant Panda Opens"; There are two lines of inscriptions at the bottom: "Chu Yiyuan Sima gave Song Kailai Tibetan".
In addition, there is an inscription on the inkstone box cover: "Cheng Nilian spent fish to research the old things of Yiyuan family, and Wujiang Lake in Hejian bought Tibet." It can be seen that this inkstone was later collected by Mr. Wu Xunyuan, a painter and collector in the late Qing Dynasty. 1954 Zhu Yan in Ming Dynasty was donated to Tianjin Art Museum by relatives of Mr. Xu, a famous cultural relic collector in Tianjin.
In the Ming Dynasty, it was easy to carve Shi Guwen inkstone.
Ming (1368— 1644)
Diameter18cm, height10cm.
This inkstone is black and pure, in the shape of a stone drum. The diameter is18cm and the thickness is10cm. There is a crescent-shaped pool and an arc-shaped inkstone hall on the inkstone surface. There is a seal of "Treasure of the Inner Government" on the pool, and there is a copy of Shi Guwen by Gu on both sides of the seal. There is a rectangular concave surface in the middle of the bottom of the inkstone platform, on which are written the words "Shigu", "Protect future generations forever" and "Donghai Valley is easy to enjoy stones from ink music". There are two "Shi Guwen" inscribed on both sides of the concave surface, and Zhu Shanqi's inscription on the concave surface indicates that he bought it from Cao Shaoya in Daoguang Xin Chou (184 1). This inkstone carved six "Shi Guwen" in a week.
The inkstone box is also beautifully made, made of rosewood and shaped like a stone drum. The box cover is carved with floral patterns around it and decorated with white jade patterns in the middle. The box is engraved with Cheng's Shi Gu Yan and Sun Xiaozeng's poems.
Gu (1523— 1588) was born in Shanghai. Book official, Dali Temple Review. He is knowledgeable and good at calligraphy and painting. I was given the stone drum inkstone in the palace, and I carved Shi Guwen on it, which became the inkstone we see today. Cheng (1725 ——1814), a famous scholar in Qing dynasty, was one of the representatives of Huizhou garden research. He once made notes and poems on this inkstone. Sun Xiao was a scholar in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, who was good at calligraphy. These inscriptions and poems add cultural interest to this inkstone. Treasure Silver Seal of Taifei in Qing Dynasty
Qing Xuan Tong (1909-1911) is 12.7 cm long, 12.7 cm wide and 10 cm high.
Silver, the buckle is squat dragon-shaped, the dragon body is finely portrayed, and the dragon shape is dignified and solemn. The printed surface is square, and the words "Guibao" are engraved in Yang Wenman and Korean fonts. The dragon button seal is a noble symbol, which can only be used by the royal family. This seal was used by the royal family in the Qing Dynasty.
The imperial concubine mentioned in the seal was originally the imperial concubine of Tong Jiashi, Emperor Xianfeng of the Qing Dynasty, and the daughter of Yuxiang, the first-class bodyguard of Zhenghuang Banner in Manchuria. Born in the 24th year of Daoguang (A.D. 1844), he entered the palace to serve Emperor Xianfeng on 25th March in the 8th year of Xianfeng (A.D. 1858). Tong Jiashi entered the palace not through the Eight Banners draft, but directly from his mother's house, which was the only special case in the Qing Dynasty. Duan Kedi's imperial concubine was the last one who died among all the concubines of Xianfeng Emperor, the only one who went through five dynasties in Qing Dynasty, and the last one who was buried in Dingling Garden, which is also rare in the history of China.
This seal was a silver seal made by Emperor Xuan Tong in the Qing Dynasty when he rebuilt the jade book for the emperor's ancestors and changed it to carve jade treasures. After the demise of the Qing Dynasty, Xuan Tong Emperor Puyi lived in Tianjin Jingyuan for a period of time, and many cultural relics he brought out from the palace stayed in Tianjin, including this seal. Judging from the seal and button system, this toffee seal reflects the seal system of empresses in the Qing Dynasty, which has high historical value and is an important material evidence for studying the history of the Qing Dynasty. This seal is the only seal of the Qing Dynasty empress in Tianjin Museum. Because of its large size and meticulous carving, it is a very rare treasure.
The warring States period is longer than the monarch photo studio.
Warring States period (475 BC-22 BC1year)
3.3 cm long, 3.3 cm wide and 1. 1 cm high.
White jade, covered with bucket buttons. The handwriting is beautifully carved, written in white, and "longer than the gentleman photo studio." This seal is the official seal of the Warring States period. Yu Jun is a person's name, and the photo studio is an official name. The countersignature of people's names and official names is very rare in ancient seals. Mr. Zhou Shutao donated. During the Warring States Period, the king of Chu won the battle.
During the Warring States Period (475 BC-22 BC1year), the height was 53 cm, the diameter was 45.5 cm, and the abdominal circumference was 148 cm.
Ding was the largest and most important bronze ware in Yin and Zhou Dynasties. It is not only a cooking vessel and a container for food, but also one of the most important ritual vessels for nobles to hold banquets, sacrifices and other sacrificial activities. In addition, the well-known story in Zuo Zhuan that Gong Xuan and Chu Zhuangwang won the Central Plains for three years shows that Ding is also regarded as a symbol of kingship. Ding Tong, King of Chu of Warring States, is collected in Tianjin Museum, with a height of 53 cm, a caliber of 45.5 cm and an abdominal circumference of 148 cm. The tripod has ears, a straight abdomen, and a hoof-shaped foot. There are rings and three deformed bird-shaped buttons on the tripod cover, and the inscription is 60 words in total, which are distributed in the tripod cover, mouth edge and abdomen. The inscription records the historical fact that Chu Youwang used the captured weapons to cast the tripod to celebrate the victory and serve as a sacrifice. Xiong and Han (Hu) reigned from 237 BC to 228 BC. Chu Wangding was unearthed in Li Sangudui, Zhujiaji (now Changfeng County), Shou County, Anhui Province. Li Sangudui is the legendary Chu Tomb. 1933, Anhui Dashui and Li Sandui tombs were opened, and most of the unearthed cultural relics were bronze ritual vessels. Shouxian bronzes are the first large-scale unearthed Chu artifacts, which shocked the national cultural circles. At the same time, cultural relics vendors gathered all over the country, and local officials and gentry seized them. At that time, the government heard the news and seized more than 700 cultural relics in the county education bureau, then handed them over to the provincial library and entered the Anhui Provincial Museum after liberation. Other cultural relics are scattered all over the country, among which ten bronzes, such as ding, dou, reed, spoon and reed, flow to the Li family in Baochuzhai, Tianjin, and then enter the Tianjin Museum.
King Ding of Chu is an important cultural relic with large size and many inscriptions in this batch of Chu wares, and is known as the "crown of Chu wares in the north and south". Two pieces of Wang Chuding with the same shape, size and inscription were cast at the same time, and the other piece was kept in the National Museum.
Qin Xun Quan Yi
Qin dynasty (2265438 BC+0-207 BC)
It is 6.5 cm high, 8.3 cm in diameter and 9.5 cm in base diameter.
Octagonal prism, trapezoidal in front, hollow, with a rectangular beam at the top of the device. On the left and right sides of the beam are Yang Wen's seal script "Xunyi", and on the right side are letters from Qin Shihuang and Qin Ershi. The regular script of the imperial edict is Xiao Zhuan, which is simple and vigorous. The inscriptions of these two imperial edicts are rare in Qin Quan.
Xunyi is a place name in Shaanxi Province. This right is the standard weighing instrument issued by the government after Qin Shihuang unified the national weighing system.