Article 1: Can't you study well after reading The Analects? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? Isn't he a completely moral person? Although people may not pay attention to him, he won't feel uneasy. "I believe many people are familiar with these words, but do you know where they come from? It is the Analects of Confucius, the first masterpiece of China in ancient times. This winter vacation, I read this book and benefited a lot. In the history of China's civilization for thousands of years, it has always been regarded as a classic. Why? It turns out that this book is the work of later generations to record the speeches of Confucius and his disciples. Confucius' view of governing the country and his evaluation of ancient sages and sages are the most basic, simple and indispensable moral cultivation criteria in ancient China. In ancient times, this book was regarded as an enlightenment book for children.
After reading this book, I finally understand why it is regarded as children's first reading. There are several parts in the book: learning and literature, politics and benevolence. The words and stories in these articles tell us how to learn and how to be a man. ...
For example, there is a saying: "If you know what it is, you will never forget what it can do, but it is easy to learn." This sentence means in Xia Zi: "Learn what you don't understand every day and never forget what you have learned every month, so you are a studious person." "Here I also saw a studious man named Sun Jing, who often shut himself in his room, studying day and night and staying up all night. He studied hard until he was sleepy at night, so he tied the rope to his hair and fixed the other end to the beam so that he wouldn't fall asleep watching. It is with this spirit of hard study that he became a generation of scholars. If we can all have his energy in studying now, what can't we learn? I think when reading, I want to play after reading for a while. What a pity! Yes, I also want to be a studious person. I can do it as long as I make up my mind.
Another example is this sentence: "recite the poem for 300 times and teach it to be political, not to do it;" Starting from four directions, it is impossible to be specific. Although many, we also believe that. " It means: "Although he can recite 300 Poems of the Book of Songs, he can't govern the country if he is endowed with national politics; It's no use letting him go to other countries, but he can't do things on his own. Although he knows a lot, he can't use it. " When I read this, a story immediately came to my mind-"On paper". Zhao Kuo, the hero of the story, knows the art of war like the back of his hand. Speaking of war, his father is a famous soldier of Zhao, but he can't be said. But the prince of Zhao asked him to lead troops to fight, but he refused to be flexible according to the actual situation. As a result, the country and the people were mistaken and they died tragically on the battlefield. This makes me understand again: we should not only be thirsty for knowledge, but also learn to use it flexibly, be a person who can learn to use it and turn knowledge into wisdom.
There are many profound truths in the book. I chewed it carefully and remembered it for a long time, as if I had personally listened to Confucius' teachings. I also hope that students will have time to read this book, appreciate the classics and talk with sages. It will benefit you for life and take you to the glory not far away!
Part II: Reflections on The Analects of Confucius Eight Books are the third part of The Analects. The main content involves the question of "courtesy", advocates maintaining various rules of etiquette in the system, and expresses Confucius' ethical thought and political and moral proposition of "courtesy and loyalty to the monarch". This paper focuses on how to maintain the "ceremony". Confucius expressed great indignation at the typical incident of destroying alms, and the phrase "forbearance" reflected Confucius' basic attitude towards this matter. Music is a way to express people's thoughts and feelings. In ancient times, this was also part of the ceremony. Rites and pleasures are external manifestations, and benevolence is the moral feeling and requirement in people's hearts, so human benevolence must be reflected. Here, Confucius closely linked etiquette and music, and thought that people without benevolence could not talk about etiquette and music at all. Confucius also said here that "even if a gentleman wants to fight, there is nothing to fight for", which reflects an important feature of Confucius and Confucianism, that is, it emphasizes humility and politeness and despises rude and unfair competition. But we should also carry forward the spirit of being proactive and pioneering.
In terms of ideological education, strengthening the education of being a man, Confucius "can't do without learning etiquette." I want to stand up, I want to get in touch with people, I want to talk nonsense and so on. Confucius summarized the function of education as "respecting things, knowing and doing, honesty, integrity, self-cultivation, keeping the family in order, governing the country and leveling the world", which means that by respecting things and knowing and doing (that is, establishing correct ethical concepts), the purpose of self-cultivation can be achieved and a perfect personality can be formed. The essence of Confucius' educational thought embodies the strength of teachers' personality, taking talents as the head and morality as the first to cultivate people. The perfect standard and development model put forward by Confucius is undoubtedly of great positive significance to today's education. The power of example is infinite, and the power of personality is a silent call. Although Confucius' educational thought has gone through countless dynasties, it has always been rooted in the soil of the Chinese nation and has provided us with a model of learning, thinking and practice. There are many similarities between his educational thought and the current quality education, which is worthy of our study, research and reference. For example, regarding the object of education, Confucius advocated "teaching without class" and emphasized that everyone should have the right to receive education; The theory of "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" embodies the ancient thought of simple dialectical materialism. Confucius advocated benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith. As an educator, he put forward some advanced teaching concepts, such as "eager to learn, eager to learn", shameless questioning, combination of learning and thinking, inspiration and induction, drawing inferences from others and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude.
Of course, Confucius also mentioned that people should have tolerance. Who won't allow me to be her friend when a person can stand between heaven and earth and reach a certain level of vision? Although times have long been different, we should still be "serious and considerate" when making friends.
Chapter III: Reflections on The Analects When we were young, all of us had learned ten articles about The Analects. Although it is called ten articles, there are more than ten articles in The Analects. He has a total of twenty articles written by the great Confucius. Confucius, whose name was Lu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. He was a famous thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism in ancient China. His thoughts and theories had a far-reaching impact on later generations. The Analects of Confucius is a masterpiece of Confucius, which records the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples and embodies Confucius' political views, ethical thoughts and educational principles.
The first article of The Analects is learning. This paper mainly expounds the relationship between reading and being a man, emphasizing self-discipline, love, and moral categories such as benevolence, filial piety and faithfulness. The Analects of Confucius generally uses the first two words of each chapter as the title of each article. Confucius suggested that learning is a kind of fun, so that people don't know or care. It shows that Confucius never tires of learning, never tires of teaching, pays attention to self-cultivation and strictly demands his own thoughts. These ideas can be found in many places in The Analects. In addition, in life, Confucius and Confucianism pay attention to people's practical actions. It is especially emphasized that people should be consistent in words and deeds, never talk empty words, and have a heart. This down-to-earth attitude and simple spirit have long influenced China people and become the essence of the central traditional culture.
The second part of The Analects of Confucius mainly talks about Confucius' thought of "ruling by virtue". The basic principles of how to seek and be an official in politics, the relationship between learning and thinking, the process of Confucius' own learning and self-cultivation, reviewing the new learning methods in the past, and further expounding the moral categories such as filial piety. In this article, Confucius listed two completely different principles of governing the country. Confucius believes that punishment can only make people avoid committing crimes, but can't make people understand the shameful truth of committing crimes. Moral education is much better than punishment, which can not only make people obey the rules, but also make people feel ashamed. Confucius also described the process of his study and cultivation. First, he saw that people's moral cultivation cannot be achieved overnight, and it takes a long time to study and exercise, and there must be a gradual process. Second, the highest state of morality is the unity of thought and words and deeds, and consciously abide by moral norms rather than reluctantly do it. There is a sentence in this article, Confucius said, "review the past and learn new things, and you can be a teacher." This Analects of Confucius let me know that I can learn new knowledge every day and expand my knowledge. If I can review what I have learned before every day, I will feel it with my heart. Then, I can make continuous progress. If you accumulate rich knowledge, you can make progress in your study.