In the treatment of diabetes, the control of blood sugar requires not only fasting blood sugar, but also postprandial blood sugar, and whether it is better controlled according to the specific situation of diabetic friends.
The importance of blood sugar stability for diabetic friends, maintaining blood sugar stability is a goal that has always been needed. The stability of blood sugar depends not only on the stability of fasting blood sugar, but also on the detection of postprandial blood sugar. The difference between pre-meal and post-meal blood sugar is below 3mmol/L, indicating that blood sugar control is stable.
Stable blood sugar can reduce the damage to large blood vessels and microvessels and reduce the occurrence of complications. Blood glucose variability is usually used to indicate whether blood glucose control is stable or not.
Blood glucose variability refers to the unstable state of blood glucose level fluctuating between the fluctuating high and low values, which spans intra-day and inter-day and persists.
A large number of studies have confirmed that blood glucose variability is significantly related to the clinical prognosis of diabetic patients. TIR, as one of the key indexes to evaluate short-term blood glucose variability in CGM report, has gradually attracted clinical attention in recent years.
A series of studies believe that blood glucose variability is an important index affecting blood glucose control in diabetes mellitus and has an important impact on blood glucose management.
Increased blood glucose variability can lead to adverse metabolic processes such as oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, activation of coagulation system and inflammatory reaction, and participate in the occurrence and progress of diabetic complications.
Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c) is widely used as the "gold standard" to evaluate blood sugar control, but it still has some limitations such as not reflecting the dynamic changes of blood sugar. The development of dynamic blood glucose monitoring technology brings new opportunities for comprehensive evaluation of patients' blood glucose control.
Different conditions require shorter courses of blood sugar control. For diabetic friends who don't have all kinds of acute and chronic complications of diabetes, it is suggested that fasting blood glucose should be below 7mmol/L and postprandial blood glucose should be below 10mmol/L, and blood glucose control is ideal.
For patients with long course of disease, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, short life span and mental abnormality, fasting blood glucose can also be controlled at 8mmol/L, and postprandial blood glucose can be controlled below1.2 mmol/L.
However, for patients with diabetes complicated with pregnancy or gestational diabetes mellitus, the control requirement of fasting blood glucose is 3.3-5. 1mmol/L, and postprandial blood glucose is 4.0-6.7 mmol/L. Therefore, the control level of fasting blood glucose is still relatively poor, and the treatment plan needs to be adjusted as soon as possible to ensure normal pregnancy.