The Outline of Feuerbach is one of the programmatic documents of Marxist philosophy, which marks the formation of the basic ideas of Marxist philosophy. Marx was deeply influenced by Hegel's philosophy in his early years, and later turned to materialism under the influence of Feuerbach, but he was dissatisfied with Feuerbach's materialism of human nature, which ignored social practice and talked about human nature and "love" abstractly. This article is an outline written to profoundly criticize Feuerbach's philosophy and draw a clear line with it. The outline is concise and profound, which Engels called "the first document containing the budding genius of the new world outlook".

The Outline of Feuerbach is mainly written to criticize the intuition and incompleteness of Feuerbach and other old materialism. In this outline, Marx first pointed out the main shortcomings of the old materialism, that is, "things, reality and sensibility are only understood in an objective or intuitive form, not as human perceptual activities and practices, not from subjective aspects", and human activities themselves are not understood as objective activities. Here, Marx emphasized the significance of practice, the decisive role of practice in testing and understanding the truth, and the role of practice in transforming the environment, education and the secular foundation of the religious world.

In this outline, Marx further criticized Feuerbach's abstract theory of human nature, especially his view of human nature; The classical definition of human nature in Marxism is given, that is, "human nature is not an abstract thing inherent in a single person." In its reality, it is the sum of all social relations. "Marx emphasized here that the essence of human beings lies in sociality. People are always in a certain social relationship, so the essence of the elderly is also concrete and historical. He believes that people and their essence should be understood from the perspective of society and practice; Moreover, social life itself should be understood from the perspective of social practice, because social life is practical in nature. In the last section of the Outline, Marx further emphasized the fundamental difference between his philosophy and previous philosophy, pointing out that in the past, including Feuerbach, "philosophers only explained the world in different ways, but the problem was to change the world. "

The Outline of Feuerbach is an important symbol of the formation of Marxist philosophy, from which we can see that social practice viewpoint and materialist dialectics are the main lines running through it. The full text of Marx's Outline on Feuerbach is only 1400 words. Reading this outline is of great help to our in-depth understanding of the emergence and development of Marxist philosophy.