Li Kaixian (1502 ~ 1568), whose real name is Bohua, is from Luyuan Village, Zhangqiu City. An outstanding dramatist and writer in Ming Dynasty.
Li Kaixian was brilliant since he was a child and loved music and opera. He is honest, fearless of power and full of sense of justice. In the 16th year of the Ming Dynasty (152 1), Li Kaixian, who was only 19 years old, entered Zhangqiu County, arguing with Sun Donggu, the county magistrate, and demanding to reduce the burden on farmers, which was loved and admired by the people. In the seventh year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1528), Li Kaixian took part in the provincial examination in Shandong, and Mao Shi was the second in the province. He was a scholar in the following year and served as the director of Yunnan Division of the Ministry of Household Affairs.
From the 10th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1532) to the 20th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (154 1), Li Kaixian served as the director of the examination department of the official department, the foreign minister of the collection department, the doctor of literary works, and the highest official in Shao Qing, Taichang Temple. When Li Kaixian was in an important position in the official department, he never clung to the powerful, enforced the law impartially and won praise.
At that time, the court was politically corrupt, and Emperor Jiajing ignored the political affairs but worshipped Taoism and built a palace in the palace. Xia Yan and Yan Song cultivated their own forces, attacked dissidents and framed Zhongliang. There was a great drought in the world, and the victims left their homes, hungry and cold, and countless people died. Li Kaixian once wrote a joint letter with his friends Wang and Zhao Shichun to impeach the cabinet, but failed and was dismissed. In the twentieth year of Ming Jiajing (154 1), he was dismissed from office and returned to his hometown at the age of 39.
After returning home, Li Kaixian is still deeply concerned about his country and people. From Zheng De to Jiajing, traitors were rampant. Anxious for a reward, he squeezed 400 hectares of Baiyun Lake into 1300 hectares, reported it to the German palace, and became the emperor's manor, forcibly occupying 900 hectares of land for the people, and the people were miserable. Li Kaixian wrote an article with indignation, exposing, criticizing and denouncing it. When there was no way to serve the country, Li Kaixian was not discouraged, but devoted himself to the literary career he loved. During this period, he and his fellow villagers Qiao Longxi, Yuan Xiye and Xie Dongcun collected and created folk songs, edited them into Yan Ci in the Market, and wrote 100 poems in the form of folk songs at that time. Li Kaixian wrote such well-known poems as Staff Sergeant Mian, Joining the Army, I heard that short bandits killed Shandong militia, Compassion for farmers, Compassion for the poor and Compassion for the earthquake. In addition, he carefully arranged and revised Yuan Zaju, painstakingly created traditional operas, and wrote three legends, Sword, Altar and Broken Hair, which made great contributions to the literary world of Ming Dynasty. In the form of Jin Heyuan, he created six plays, including Dumb Zen and Afternoon Garden Dream. The existence of "Today's Legend of the Swordsman" describes the story that Lin Chong, the hero of the Water Margin, was caught up with Liangshan, which changed the original work and was more real than the original work. One of them, Running at Night, is still a masterpiece of Kunqu Opera. Mao Zedong once quoted a man who won't cry easily because he won't feel sad. This sentence comes from Li Kaixian's The Sword. Lu Tiancheng, a dramatist in the late Ming Dynasty, called him a great poet and a talented composer.
Li Kaixian likes to collect books, and Zhangqiu Urban Construction has thousands of books. Claiming to have the disease of good books, he is one of the famous private book collectors in China history. Zhu Yizun, a great writer in the late Qing Dynasty, praised him as the wealth of books and was famous in Qidong. He funded the establishment of Zhonglu Academy in the southwest corner of Zhangqiu City, taught in person and educated many students like Gao Ying. Such a high-footed disciple who has made great achievements in literature and art, throughout his life, he wrote poems such as Sanqu Liu Zhong's Poem, Sick Will Be High, Four Seasons' Mourning, and commented on many works such as Liu Zhong's Painting, Middle Road Crossing, Middle Road Crossing, Shi Chan, Ci Teasing and so on. He is a rare realistic writer in Ming Dynasty, and he is also called Wang, Wang and Wang. After liberation, there were Li Kaixian's works. The History of China Literature compiled by the Institute of Literature claims that the romance novel Jin Ping Mei was written by Li Kaixian. Professors (Institute of Literature) and Professor Wu Dedong (Shandong University) who have studied Jin Ping Mei hold this view.
In the second year of Qin Long in the Ming Dynasty (1568), on February 15th, Li Kaixian, a genius of the first generation, died of spleen disease in his former residence in Zhangqiu. At that time, the court suspected that Li Kai had something to hide and ordered that he should not be buried. Later, no misdeeds were found, and it was officially buried in Nanlizu, Lvyuan Village (now Donge Village) on the 20th of the second year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1574)1month, and its tomb still exists.