First, the current emotional situation of middle school students
The emotional needs of middle school students in interpersonal communication are mainly to get happiness, at the same time, they need to pour out comfort, get rid of loneliness and tension, seek understanding and gain respect. The fierce competition in today's society has brought great pressure to students' psychology. Most middle school students are in an emotional state such as tension, worry, anxiety and stress. They need friends, people to understand and people to talk to. But middle school students' sense of adulthood makes them try their best to get rid of the influence of adults. So they transfer the need to be understood to communicate with their peers. Seeking happiness, longing for understanding and getting rid of tension and loneliness have become strong emotional needs of middle school students.
Second, the reasons for poor emotional development of middle school students
Among all kinds of emotional influences, factors from family account for a large proportion. On the one hand, due to the fierce competition between the senior high school entrance examination and the college entrance examination, middle school students often feel the pressure of high expectations from their parents. Excessive pressure can not only promote the normal development of emotions, but also lead to too many negative emotions, such as failure, frustration, anxiety and so on. The second aspect is that single-parent families lead to students' personality defects. Now the divorce rate in society is relatively high. Almost every class of middle school students has many single-parent children. In their inner world, nothing is perfect, and no one cares about it. They are psychologically distorted and can't get attention from others. They often attract the attention of teachers and students by deliberately violating discipline. The common feature is that the grades fluctuate greatly. The direct reason is their mental instability and the depression and emptiness of their emotional world. So they are often not easy to dominate according to time, place and occasion. Third, the left-behind students lack emotion. "Left-behind students" have been separated from their parents for a long time, which makes their body and mind unsatisfied, and negative emotions have been bothering them. Parents are generally willing to give their children a lot of money to make up for the guilt of not being with their children, but this can easily lead to the bad habit of extravagance, waste and thrift. Some teenagers have weak self-discipline behavior. Without the management and correct guidance of their parents, they will easily become problem of juvenile and flow into the society.
School neglect leads to students' emotional hunger and thirst, which can not be ignored. The emotional hunger and thirst of middle school students is mainly manifested as an emotional obstacle caused by lack of emotional care and emotional communication, which is common in orphans, children from single-parent families and students with learning difficulties. Orphans and children from single-parent families lack the necessary emotional care and communication in the family. If they still can't get it at school, they will have emotional hunger and thirst. Students with emotional hunger and thirst often show that they are far away from others, want to be close to others and are afraid of rejection and ridicule. Over time, he has formed a lonely and indifferent character, which is manifested in his indifference to the collective and others, and his jealousy and hatred against his excellent people. Some even have emotional deviance, that is, the frustrated emotions are transferred to abnormal or even unhealthy emotional experiences. For example, after many setbacks in their studies, many middle school students turn their interest to vulgar activities, such as indulging in the internet or playing games in the game room for a long time. Some middle school students feel depressed after longing for the friendship and care of their classmates, and turn to make friends with idle people in society and call them brothers to gain dignity and happiness.
Third, the cultivation of middle school students' emotional ability 1. Teachers should attach importance to their own emotional cultivation. The relationship between teachers and students always affects the effectiveness of education. The harmonious, friendly and trusting psychological environment provides good conditions for the formation of students' healthy psychological quality. Some teachers are not good at guiding children positively because of their imperfect psychological quality, and their educational methods deviate from the law of students' psychological development, and even punish students or punish them in disguise. Therefore, students may have serious rebellious psychology and weariness of learning, which will affect the healthy development of students' body and mind and the improvement of their academic performance. Learning to be a teacher by example is particularly important in cultivating students' psychological quality, which is manifested in strong self-control, good emotional adjustment and strong emotional transmission effect. 2. Help middle school students correctly recognize their emotions. When a person is in a negative emotional state, he is often eager to find a way to get rid of this emotion, so he always focuses on his inner feelings. This inner world is more difficult for people to think and act rationally, and it is easy for emotions to overwhelm reason. This impulse of negative emotions is more terrible than negative emotions themselves. Teachers should help students understand every emotion, such as happiness, anger, even anxiety and jealousy. Make students understand the relationship between emotions and language expression, acquire the ability to accurately express emotions and express the needs related to these emotions by language, and distinguish accuracy and authenticity in emotional expression, and correctly guide them to achieve psychological balance and satisfaction.
3. Pay attention to cultivating middle school students' emotional control ability. In emotional education, teachers should pay attention to strengthening the guidance of students' positive emotions and optimism. The key to the cultivation of optimism is to let students learn the correct attribution, such as attributing failure to factors that can be changed through their own efforts, rather than lack of manpower, and building students' confidence. On the other hand, when we can't eliminate negative emotions with rational thinking, we should find ways to control and adjust them, rather than suppress and deny them. Commonly used methods are: transfer-when you are angry, do some physical exercises, such as running and climbing mountains, to release energy; Talk-tell your friends unpleasant things and your thoughts; Vent-cry loudly when you feel sad.
4. Guide middle school students to learn empathy in interpersonal communication. The ability to recognize other people's emotions is also called empathy. Teachers should pay attention to cultivating students' ability to understand others' emotions, let students put themselves in others' shoes and help students develop the habit of empathy; Guide students to learn tolerance, let them understand that gold is not enough, no one is perfect, and let them live in harmony with their relatives and friends around them; Guide students to learn to care, cultivate students' willingness to understand and help others, so that students can get a pleasant emotional experience in the process of helping others and gain a sense of self-confidence and fun.
In short, the role of emotion in moral education is all-round. While paying attention to the cultivation of students' intelligence factors, we can't ignore the cultivation of middle school students' emotional ability, which is also a higher requirement put forward by quality education.