1. Pedagogy is a social science that studies educational phenomena and problems, summarizes the scientific theory and practice of human educational activities, and explores and solves practical educational problems encountered in the process of the emergence and development of educational activities, thus revealing the general laws of education. Education is an activity widely existing in human social life and purposefully cultivating talents. The research of pedagogy is objective, inevitable, stable, repetitive, realistic, dialectical and scientific.

2. The independence of pedagogy is a historical process, not completed in an instant. The symbol of the independence of pedagogy: Herbart, a German psychologist and educator, is known as "the father of modern pedagogy" or "the founder of scientific pedagogy", and his General Pedagogy (1806) is recognized as the first modern pedagogy work. He established the teleology of education on the basis of ethics and the methodology of education on the basis of psychology, forming the thought and teaching mode of "traditional education". This "three-center" teaching model, which is based on the class teaching system and systematically imparts knowledge under the guidance of teachers, focuses on teachers, books and classrooms, and has had a far-reaching impact on the theory and practice of modern education all over the world. It is precisely because his theory has the characteristics of theoretical research discipline that pedagogy is independent from philosophy and sociology and has its own complete theoretical system and research methods, which marks the independence and scientificity of pedagogy.

However, there is an argument at present. Is Comenius' Great Teaching Theory or Herbart's General Pedagogy the symbol of an independent discipline of pedagogy? Further research is needed now.

-I studied this.