British scholar Bacon put forward pedagogy as an independent science for the first time in the article The Value and Development of Science (1623). Comenius, a Czech educator [2], published the first systematic pedagogy book in modern times, The Great Teaching Theory-Comenius.

( 1632)。 Locke, a British philosopher, published Random Talk on Education (1693) and put forward a complete theory of "gentleman education". Rousseau, a French thinker, published Emile (1762), which profoundly expressed the bourgeois educational thought. In Kant's On Education (1803), the German philosopher Kant clearly put forward the proposition that "the method of education must become a science" and "educational experiment". Swiss educator Pestalozzi wrote Lienhard and Goddard (178 1 ~ 1787) and put forward the idea of "making human education psychological". Herbart, a German psychologist and educator, is known as "the father of modern pedagogy" or "the founder of science pedagogy". His General Pedagogy (1806) is recognized as the first modern pedagogy work.