Whole language education originated in the west.

The concept of ""is a trend of thought in children's language education at present, which is the result of experimental research by American academic school, aiming at promoting the change of teachers' language teaching concept. Later, the reform of Chinese education in primary and secondary schools and kindergartens put forward new theories and strategies.

The theory of whole language education research is very extensive, involving theories and viewpoints of linguistics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, anthropology and pedagogy.

Basic viewpoints of whole language education

Language development and knowledge content learning are the dual connotations of the whole language curriculum.

The content of learning is the purpose of the first level. In the process of completing the first level, it is the purpose of the second level to provide children with opportunities to participate in the actual language experience. In children's language education, language is not only the object of learning, but also the medium of learning knowledge in other fields; Educational objectives and contents should be comprehensive and complete.

Children's language learning mainly comes from direct experience gained on their own initiative.

Language should be developed in real use situations, not repeated practice in class. Textbooks and teachers' teaching belong to the second level of experience. Advocate teachers to take children as the leading role in organizing children's activities, and teachers should play the role of support, supervision, encouragement and catalysis.

Khalid, an expert in whole language education, attaches importance to the role of situations and various channels in children's language learning.

It is believed that language learning is a process, and how to give "language" meaning in the social situation of using language is the most important. In meaningful situations, language learning and language use can achieve all-round development; Psychologist Gardner

Gardner thinks that language learning situation is very beneficial to the development of children's language intelligence, and it may also provide opportunities for other intelligence to participate and use; The development of children's language is accomplished through various channels and forms.

The goal of whole language education is to cultivate children's sensitivity to language and writing, promote learners' growth, extend their language ability and knowledge, and understand the world around them.

The focus of the goal: children have the right to participate in the curriculum; Interdisciplinary language learning; Organize course activities with theme units.

Whole language education strategy;

Children's learning content should be related to life experience, have practical functions in life and study, be holistic and interesting, and children's learning effect is the best; Children can choose their own time to use the language, have the autonomy to use the language, respect their individual differences, and let them learn naturally when doing and speaking in a non-competitive social situation, which will certainly accelerate their language learning. As shown in the following table:

Language learning is very easy under the following circumstances.

Language learning is very difficult under the following circumstances.

The language is true and natural.

Language is artificial.

The language is complete

Language is broken down into small fragments or fragments.

Language is meaningful.

Language is meaningless.

Language is very interesting.

Language is boring.

Language is related to learners.

Language has nothing to do with learners

Language belongs to learners.

Language belongs to others.

Language is a part of real events.

Language has no context.

Language has its social uses.

Language has no social value.

Learners have a clear purpose.

Language has no clear purpose.

Learners choose to use this language.

Be forced to learn a language by others.

Language is understandable to learners.

Language is incomprehensible to learners.

Learners have the ability to use it.

Learners are incapable of using it.

Whole language education method

Language learning should be integrated into daily life and learning activities in various fields; The easiest time for children to learn is when they devote themselves wholeheartedly to the learning process; Guide children to learn written language through natural acquisition of spoken language; Pay attention to the process of children's reading and writing, not just the result of reading and writing; Know that children have unlimited learning potential; Emphasize that language learning is from the whole to the part, not from the part to the whole; With the help of functional characters, children's reading and writing ability can be developed best.

Whole language education evaluation;

To evaluate the implementation of whole language education, the key points are to evaluate whether the role of teachers is appropriate, the position of children in the process of language learning, how the relationship between teachers and students is reflected, and the interaction between children.

Generally speaking, "whole language education" is an educational concept, not a teaching method. It mainly reflects on many factors that affect children's language learning and development, and inspires us to think about the reform of children's language education from a new perspective.

Enlightenment of Whole Language Education on Children's Language Education

The whole language education has a wide range of objects, including both children's language education and school-age children's language education. In its theory and practice, it pays more attention to the cultivation of reading and writing ability.

We can't completely transplant the idea of whole language education into children's language education, but its theoretical viewpoints, strategies and methods have the following inspirations for establishing a new concept of children's language education and improving the quality of children's language development:

The goal and content of children's language education should be complete.

The concept of whole language education emphasizes that language is not only the object of children's learning, but also the tool of learning. Language learning should be organically combined with other aspects of children's learning. Advocates of whole language education regard the development of emotional attitude, cognition and ability in listening, speaking, reading and writing as the complete goal of children's language education.

The tradition of children's language education in China is the cultivation of oral expression ability, and the enlightenment education of written Chinese and second language is not within the scope of children's language education. In order to improve the goal and content of children's language education in China, we should not only cultivate children's listening and speaking ability and good listening and speaking habits, but also carry out written and second language enlightenment education; It is necessary to let children understand and use daily language, and also to guide children to learn literary language. Namely "language" and "text" in children's language education.

Be integrated into a whole, not divided into individual skill parts.

1, the cultivation of children's oral expression ability

The key point is to cultivate children's ability to accept and express language, constantly improve their listening level and quality, speak Mandarin correctly, express their thoughts and feelings clearly and correctly, stimulate children's interest in children's literary works and early reading, and cultivate their initial reading skills and habits.

2. Children's written language learning

Some researchers believe that children aged 4-5 have gained 90% of daily language communication.

. At this time, children have become interested in written language, and with the need of learning written language, they often react to the words in the surrounding environment. Many kindergartens have studied children's written language learning for many years, which also proves that it is completely possible for children to learn simple written language and the effect is good.

Children's written language education is mainly to let children gain experience and preliminary skills before literacy and writing.

Experience before literacy: know a certain number of Chinese characters and cultivate children's interest in Chinese characters; Knowing that words have specific meanings, you can read them out loud and correspond words with spoken words; A preliminary understanding of the function of words.

Pre-writing skills: let children understand the structure of Chinese characters, such as understanding that Chinese characters are divided into upper and lower structures, left and right structures and internal and external structures; Understand the initial rules of strokes from top to bottom and from left to right when writing Chinese characters, and try to practice basic strokes; Know the tools for writing Chinese characters. Learn the correct posture of writing Chinese characters: sitting posture, pen holding posture, etc.

3. Children's Literature and Language Education

Literary works can guide children to change from natural person to social person; Increase children's knowledge and cultivate children's interest in knowledge; Cultivate children's aesthetic feeling and improve their aesthetic ability; Conducive to children's physical and mental health, cultivate a lively and cheerful personality; Literary language is clear, fluent, concrete, rhythmic and interesting for children, which can enrich children's language and emotion, improve children's thinking and imagination, provide children with samples of mature languages, let children listen to a variety of artistic languages and expand their vocabulary.

And apply it to your own speech expression on the basis of imitation and memory; Vivid literary works can arouse children's interest and yearning for reading, which is conducive to cultivating children's reading interest, reading habits and developing preliminary reading skills.

4. Children's second language learning

As a communication tool, language is a common phonetic system in various societies. Language is a social phenomenon, and the complexity of language phenomenon exists objectively. In the communication between different regions and countries, besides the mother tongue, we need to learn languages that can communicate with each other. For example, the language phenomenon in China is complicated, and there are eight major language families in the country. In order to communicate, it is necessary to popularize the national common language.

-Mandarin. Internationally, we must learn English, French and other common languages, otherwise we can't communicate.

When children begin to learn a second language is a controversial issue. At present, children's English learning is generally experimental.

Children's pronunciation mechanism is not stereotyped, and it is possible to imitate the pronunciation of various languages in the world correctly. Conditional educational institutions, leading children to learn a second language, will certainly get twice the result with half the effort.

The purpose of children learning a second language should be to cultivate children's interest in English, improve the sensitivity of language perception, cultivate children's confidence in successful language communication, and give full play to children's language learning potential.

Children should be educated in English according to the concept of whole language education.

The original class teacher taught English vividly and variously; English education runs through daily life and educational activities in various fields; Attach importance to the creation of language environment, so that children can acquire English naturally; Attach importance to the study of family cooperative education.

The process of children's language education activities should be true and diverse.

Advocates of whole language education believe that children's language is mainly developed by using it in certain situations, and the role of adult purposeful and planned education is secondary; Whole language education advocates activities in which teachers and children participate together. As the basic form of language education, the forms of activities should be diversified. The idea of whole language education gives us the enlightenment that:

First, we should further improve our children's language education. Teachers should pay attention to providing children with a living environment and learning materials that are intelligent, eloquent and expert, so as to create sufficient conditions for children to become active language learners.

Second, in the language education for children, teachers should integrate the contents with certain themes in various fields, so that children can develop their own language while learning knowledge in various fields, that is, integrate language learning into various studies;

Third, teachers should attach importance to developing children's language through daily life and games, integrate education into life and games, create a free and relaxed language exchange environment, and support, encourage and attract children to talk with teachers and peers.