Archimedes
King Shiloh of Syracuse asked the goldsmith to make a crown out of pure gold. Because it is suspected that there is silver mixed in it, Archimedes is invited to identify it. When he entered the bathtub to take a bath, the water overflowed outside the bathtub, so he realized that although the weight of objects made of different materials was the same, the discharged water would be different because of their different volumes. According to this truth, it can be judged whether the crown is adulterated.
Ancient Greece was the hometown of mathematics. The ancient Greeks made great contributions to the progress of mathematics. This ancient civilization gave birth to many mathematicians, such as Thales, Pythagoras, Euclid, apollonius, Archimedes, Ptolemy, Helen and Diophantine. Hipatia, the first female mathematician in history, was also born here.
Hipatia (about 370-4 15). Born in Egypt. He was a famous mathematician in ancient Greece. Known as the first female mathematician in the world. This clever woman ranks among the best scholars in the ancient world with her talent and contribution. And her tragic death is really an eternal tragedy. What savage and cruel religious fanatics have done to her.
Zu Chongzhi (AD 429-500) was born in Laiyuan County, Hebei Province during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. He read many books on astronomy and mathematics since childhood, studied hard and practiced hard, and finally made him an outstanding mathematician and astronomer in ancient China.
Zu Chongzhi's outstanding achievement in mathematics is about the calculation of pi. Before the Qin and Han Dynasties, people used "the diameter of three weeks a week" as pi, which was called "Gubi". Later, it was found that the error of Gubi was too large, and the pi should be "the diameter of a circle is greater than the diameter of three weeks". However, there are different opinions on how much is left. Until the Three Kingdoms period, Liu Hui put forward a scientific method to calculate pi-"secant" which approximated the circumference of a circle with the circumference inscribed by a regular polygon. Liu Hui calculated that the circle inscribed by a 96-sided polygon is π=3. 14, and pointed out that the more sides inscribed by a regular polygon, the more accurate the π value is. On the basis of predecessors' achievements, Zu Chongzhi worked hard and repeatedly calculated that π was between 3. 14 15926 and.
Su 1902 was born in Zhejiang in September. In the third grade, a math teacher came. He said: "In today's world, all the world powers want to carve up China. The danger of China's national subjugation is imminent. In order to save the nation and survive, we must revitalize science. Mathematics is the pioneer of science. In order to develop science, we must learn math well. " 17 years old, Sue went to study abroad. When Sue went to a Japanese university as an associate professor, he decided to return to China. In the face of difficulties, his answer is: "What is hardship? I am willing, because I have chosen the right road, which is a bright patriotic road! " "
Ⅱ Math Story Grade Five
1, children of gauss series, do you know the story of gauss, a mathematical genius, when he was a child? When Gauss was in the second grade of primary school, once the teacher wanted to have a rest after teaching addition, so he asked the students to do some calculations. The topic is:1+2+3+4 ...+96+97+98+99+100 =? I thought the students would be quiet for a while, but I was about to find an excuse to go out, but Gauss stopped me! It turns out that Gauss has worked it out. Little friend, do you know how he did it? Gauss told everyone how he worked it out: add 1 to 100 and 100 to1; Line up in two rows and want to add, that is:1+2+3+4+………………+96+97+98+99+100+99+98+97+96+……+4+3+. 1+10 1+1there are one hundred101,but the formula is repeated twice, so 1065438. Since then, the learning process of Gauss Elementary School has already surpassed other students, which laid the foundation for his future mathematics and made him a mathematical genius.
2, chickens and rabbits in the same cage Have you ever heard of the problem of "chickens and rabbits in the same cage"? This question is one of the famous and interesting questions in ancient China. About 1500 years ago, this interesting question was recorded in Sun Tzu's calculation. The book describes it like this: "There are chickens and rabbits in the same cage today, with 35 heads on the top and 94 feet on the bottom. The geometry of chicken and rabbit? These four sentences mean: there are several chickens and rabbits in a cage, counting from the top, there are 35 heads; It's 94 feet from the bottom. How many chickens and rabbits are there in each cage? Can you answer this question? Do you want to know how to answer this question in Sunzi Suanjing? The answer is this: If you cut off the feet of every chicken and rabbit in half, then every chicken will become a "one-horned chicken" and every rabbit will become a "two-legged rabbit". In this way, the total number of feet of (1) chickens and rabbits changed from 94 to 47. (2) If there is a rabbit in the cage, the total number of feet is more than the total number of heads 1. So the difference between the total number of feet 47 and the total number of heads 35 is the number of rabbits, that is, 47-35 = 12 (only). Obviously, the number of chickens is 35- 12 = 23. This idea is novel and strange, and its "foot-cutting method" has also amazed mathematicians at home and abroad. This way of thinking is called reduction. Reduction method means that when solving a problem, we do not directly analyze the problem first, but deform and transform the conditions or problems in the problem until it is finally classified as a solved problem.
3. Excellent math story: The door opened and a young man came in. Mr Liu Jianming asked him to sit down. The young man introduced himself and said, "I am a tour guide from the mainland." My name is yujiang county. I'm taking a tour group to Hong Kong this time. I heard that your hotel has a comfortable environment and good service. We want to stay in your hotel. " Mr Liu Jianming immediately said enthusiastically, "Welcome, welcome, welcome. I wonder how many people are there in your delegation? " "People, not bad, are a big group." Liu Jianming was overjoyed: It's great to have a big group and another big enterprise. As a tour guide, Yu Jiang saw Mr. Liu Jianming's mind. He remembered and said slowly, "Sir, if you can count the number of our group, we will stay in your hotel." "Please go ahead." Mr Liu Jianming said confidently. "If I divide my group into four groups on average, there will be one more person, and then divide each group into four groups on average, there will be one more person, and then divide the four groups into four groups on average, there will be one more person, including me, of course. How many people are there at least? " "How much is it altogether?" Mr Liu Jianming immediately thought of this. He must take this business. "Without specific figures, how should we start?" He was a shrewd businessman and soon learned the answer: "At least 85 people?" Mr. Yu Jiang said happily, "Exactly, it's eighty-five. Please tell me how you worked it out? " "The least number of cases, is the last quartile, each is a person. It can be inferred that there are 1×4+ 1=5 (people) before the third score, and 5×4+ 1=2 1 (people) before the second score and the first score. " How many men and women do you have? ""There are 55 men and 30 women. " "We only have rooms for 1 1, rooms for 7 people and 5 people. How do you want to live? " "Of course, Sir, you have arranged, but men and women must be separated, and there can be no empty beds. "There will be a problem. Liu Jianming had never met such a guest, so he had to spend some time again. After thinking hard, he finally came up with the best plan: 1 1 two people, seven people in four rooms, five people in one room; One female room 1 1 person, seven people in two rooms and five people in one room, making a total of 1 1 room. After seeing his arrangement, Mr. Yu Jiang was very satisfied and immediately went through the accommodation formalities. Made a big deal. Although it is a bit complicated, Mr. Liu Jianming is still very happy in his heart.
ⅲ Math Story Grade Five (Less)
The spider's "gossip" net is a complex and beautiful octagonal geometric pattern, and it is difficult for people to draw a symmetrical pattern similar to a spider's net even with the compass of a ruler.
In winter, when a cat sleeps, it always hugs its body into a ball. There is also mathematics in it, because the shape of the ball minimizes the surface area of the body, so it emits the least heat.
The real "genius" of mathematics is coral. Coral writes a "calendar" on its body, and "draws" 365 stripes on its wall every year, apparently one a day. Strangely, paleontologists found that corals 350 million years ago "painted" 400 watercolors every year. Astronomers tell us that at that time, the earth only had 2 1.9 hours a day, not 365 days a year, but 400 days.
10, Tang Priest and his disciples picked peaches.
One day, the Tang Priest told his disciples Wukong, Bajie and Friar Sand to go to Huaguoshan to pick peaches. Before long, the three disciples returned happily after picking peaches. Tang Priest and his disciples asked: How many peaches did each of you pick? Bajie said with a silly smile, Master, let me test you. Each of us took the same amount of money. There are less than 65,438+000 peaches in my basket. If we count three peaches, there are 1 peach left in the end. Do the math. How many did each of us choose?
Friar Sand said mysteriously, Master, I will test you, too. If there are four peaches in my basket, there is 1 left in the end. Do the math. How many did each of us choose?
Wukong smiled and said, Master, I'll test you, too. If there are five peaches in my basket, there will be 1 in the end. Do the math. How many shall we each choose?
Skills 1 1, ">", "
A long time ago, the kingdom of mathematics was in chaos and disorder. The ten brothers from 0 to 9 not only dominate the kingdom, but also boast about their best skills. Digital angel was very angry when he saw this situation, so he sent three little angels, ">", "
The angel smiled and said, We are the judges sent by the angel to your kingdom to help you manage your country well. I am an equal sign. The numbers on both sides of me are always equal. These two are' greater than number' and' less than number'. Who they open their mouths to is big, and who they point at is small. On hearing that the judges were sent by digital angels, and with the introduction of "=", 0~9 brothers obediently obeyed the order of ">".
12 and the story of "0"
Roman numerals are symbols representing numbers, which are combined to represent different numbers according to certain rules. When using this number, the number "0" is not needed. At that time, a scholar of the Roman Empire discovered the symbol "0" from Indian notation. He found it very convenient to use "0" for mathematical operations, and he also introduced the Indian method of using "0" to everyone. The Pope knew then. The Pope was very angry. He rebuked that the sacred number was created by God, and there was no "0" monster in the number created by God. So he ordered the scholar to be arrested, and his ten fingers were tightly clamped with a clamp, so that his hand was disabled and he could no longer write with a pen. In this way, "0" was banned by the ignorant and cruel Pope. However, although the use of "0" is forbidden, Roman mathematicians still use "0" secretly in mathematical research regardless of the ban, and still make a lot of mathematical contributions with "0". Later, "0" was finally widely used in Europe, but Roman numerals were gradually eliminated.
13, the oldest and most interesting math problem
In seven houses, each house has seven cats; No matter which of the seven cats can catch seven mice; Each of these seven mice eats Three wheat; If every ear of wheat can peel seven-in-one grains, how many houses, cats, mice, ears of wheat and grains add up?
A: The total number is 19607.
There are 7 rooms in the house, with 7x7 = 49 cats, 7X7X7=343 mice, 7x7x7 = 240 1 ear wheat and 7x7 = 16807 grains of wheat. All add up to 7+72+73+74+75 = 19607.
14, cell conjecture
Honeycomb is a very sophisticated construction project. When bees build nests, young and middle-aged worker bees are responsible for secreting flaky fresh beeswax, each of which is only the size of a needle, while other worker bees are responsible for carefully placing these beeswax in a certain position to form a vertical hexagonal column. The thickness and error of each beeswax partition wall are very small. The width of the six partition walls is exactly the same, and the included angle between walls is exactly 120 degrees, forming a perfect geometric figure. People have always wondered why bees don't make their nests into triangles, squares or other shapes. Why is the partition flat, not curved? Although the beehive is a three-dimensional building, each beehive is a hexagonal cylinder, and the total area of beeswax wall is only related to the cross section of the beehive. This leads to a mathematical problem, that is, to find the plane figure with the largest area and the smallest perimeter.
15, snails climb well
German mathematician Reese once wrote a math problem: the well is 20 feet deep and the snail is at the bottom of the well. It climbs 7 feet during the day and drops 2 feet at night. How many days will it take to reach the wellhead?
Analysis: If you think the answer is 20/(7-2)=4, it's all wet! The key to solve this problem is to consider that the crawling situation on the last day is different from that of the previous days.
Solution: The height of snail crawling day and night in the first 3 days:
(7-2)×3= 15 (feet) Last crawling time: shared time:
16 Measure the height of the pyramid.
One day, Thales saw people reading the notice, so he went up to read it. The initial notice said that Pharaoh wanted the smartest person in the world to measure the height of the pyramid. Thales is going to Pharaoh. Pharaoh asked Thales what tools he used to measure the pyramids. Thales said that it is strange that everyone only uses a stick and a ruler. He put the stick next to the pyramid, and when the shadow of the stick was as long as the stick, he measured the pyramid. He measured the length of the shadow of the pyramid and half the length of the bottom of the pyramid. Add these two lengths to get the height of the pyramid. Thales is really the smartest man in the world. He can easily measure the height of the pyramid without climbing to the top.
About 1500 years ago, European mathematicians did not know how to use "0". They use Roman numerals. Roman numerals are symbols representing numbers, which are combined to represent different numbers according to certain rules. When using this number, the number "0" is not needed. At that time, a scholar of the Roman Empire discovered the symbol "0" from Indian notation. He found it very convenient to use "0" for mathematical operation, and he was very happy. He also introduced the Indian method of "0" to everyone. After a while, it was known by the pope at that time. At that time, it was the Middle Ages in Europe. The power of the church was very strong, and the power of the pope far exceeded that of the emperor. The Pope was very angry. He rebuked that the sacred number was created by God, and there was no such monster as "0" in the number created by God. Anyone who wants to introduce now is blasphemous! So the Pope ordered the scholar to be arrested and tortured, and his ten fingers were tightly clamped with a clamp, so that his hand was disabled and he could no longer write with a pen. In this way, "0" was banned by the ignorant and cruel Pope. However, although the use of "0" is forbidden, Roman mathematicians still use "0" secretly in mathematical research regardless of the ban, and still make a lot of mathematical contributions with "0". Later, "0" was finally widely used in Europe, but Roman numerals were gradually eliminated. The following is a short story, a story between numbers. One day, when the digital cards were having lunch together, the youngest one spoke. Brother 0 said, "Let's take some photos together. What do you think? " 0' s brothers and sisters said in unison, "Good." Brother 8 said, "Brother 0' s idea is really good. I will be a good person once. Shall I provide camera and film for Brother 8? " Old four said, "starling, yes, it's just a little troublesome." Better use my digital camera. That's settled. "So, they got busy. Finally, they helped them shoot, and immediately sent the digital camera to the print shop. The computer sister tried to ask them for money, but who paid for it? They looked at each other blankly. This is the computer girl who said, "Five dollars has eleven brothers and sisters". How much do you pay per person? "Among the eleven of them, Liu is the cleverest, and this time it is the first to work out the result. Do you know how it is worked out? When Gauss was in elementary school, once after the teacher taught addition, because the teacher wanted to have a rest, he came up with a topic for students to calculate. The topic is:1+2+3+...+97+98+99+100 =? The teacher is thinking, now the children must start class! I used this as an excuse to go out, but Gauss stopped me! ! It turns out that Gauss has worked it out. Little friend, do you know how he did it? Gauss told us how he worked it out: add 1 to 100, add 100 to 1, and add them to two lines, namely1+2+3+4+...+96+97.
Does it suit you? Thank you.
Ⅳ 20 words of the fifth grade math story
Make a bouquet with 96 red flowers and 72 white flowers. If the number of red flowers in each bouquet is the same, then the number of white flowers is the same, and there are at least a few flowers in each bouquet.
Ⅳ Help me find five math stories, and the language should be concise and clear. I write handwritten newspaper!
Network knowledge > education/science >; Science and technology > math sharing to I post bar and adding to search have been solved.
Mathematical stories should be short.
Reward score: 0- Solution time: August 2009-12 08: 02.
You need nine math stories to hand in your homework. Go, go, go.
Questioner: How many peaches did Bajie eat?
Bajie went to Huaguoshan to find Wukong, but the Great Sage was not at home. The little monkeys warmly entertained Bajie and picked 100 of the most delicious peaches in the mountains. Bajie said happily, "Let's eat together!" How to eat? Counting 30 monkeys, Bajie found a branch, drew it on the ground and listed the formula, 100 ÷ 30 = 3... 1.
Pig Bajie pointed to the top three and said generously, "You can eat three peaches each. Look, the rest 1 I ate it! " The little monkeys were very grateful to Bajie. They thanked him one by one, and then each took his share.
When Wukong came back, the little monkeys told Wukong how generous Bajie was today and why he only ate a pecan. Seeing Pig's arrangement, Wukong shouted, "What a fool! I'll find him! "
Haha, do you know how many peaches Bajie ate?
The origin of Arabic numerals
Xiaoming is a child who likes to ask questions. One day, he became interested in the numbers 0-9: Why is it called "Arabic numerals"? So he went to ask his mother, "Since 0-9 is called Arabic numerals, it must have been invented by Arabs, mom?"
Mom shook her head and said, "Arabic numerals were actually invented by Indians." About 1500 years ago, Indians used a special word to represent numbers. There are 10 words, and you can write both strokes. Later, these figures were introduced into Arabia. Arabs think these numbers are simple and practical, so they are widely used in their own countries and spread to Europe. In this way, it gradually became the number we use today. Because Arabs have played a great role in spreading these numbers, people are used to calling them' Arabic numbers'.
ⅵ Write interesting stories about mathematics in the mathematics tabloid. Fifth grade pictures
I don't know how to answer this question!
ⅶ Draw an illustrated mathematical handwritten newspaper, the content of which can be mathematicians' stories, mathematical puzzles and interesting mathematical problems.
The content of handwritten newspaper can write interesting mathematical knowledge.
In our concept, "1" is the smallest number, the first number of an integer, and the first number of ten thousand. Yes, "1" is the first number of ten thousand, and its position is also the most special. Let's meet this magic number with me.
First, the smallest number.
The ancient and huge family of natural numbers consists of all natural numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. The smallest one is "1", and the largest one can't be found. You can look for it if you are interested.
Second, there is no maximum natural number.
Maybe you think you can find a largest natural number (n), but you will immediately find another natural number (n+ 1) greater than n, which means that you will never find the largest natural number in the family of natural numbers.
Third, "1" is indeed the smallest in the family of natural numbers.
The natural number is infinite, and "1" is the smallest of the natural numbers. Some people disagree that "1" is the smallest natural number, saying that "0" is smaller than "1" and "0" should be the smallest natural number. This is wrong, because natural numbers refer to positive integers, and "0" is the only non-positive non-negative integer, so "0" does not belong to the family of natural numbers. "1" is indeed the smallest in the family of natural numbers.
Don't underestimate the smallest "1", which is the unit of natural numbers and the first generation of natural numbers. Humans first recognized "1", and only by using "1" can we get 1, 2,3,4. ...
I told you the special status of "1", which is the first in a thousand miles. Don't underestimate it.
Math Story of Grade 85
1. Xiaohua's father can cut off five of his own nails in 1 minute. How many nails can he cut in five minutes?
Xiaohua took 50 yuan's money to the store and bought a car worth 38 yuan, but the salesman only gave him 2 yuan money. Why?
Xiaojun said: "I went fishing yesterday and caught a tailless fish, two headless fish and three half-baked fish." Guess how many fish I caught? " Students, guess how many fish Xiaojun caught?
4.6 horses and a cart ran six miles. How many miles did each horse run? How many miles did six horses run?
5. A puppy tied to a tree trunk greedily eats a bone on the ground, but the rope is not long enough, which is 5 cm shorter. How do you teach dogs to scratch bones?
6. Wang walks from place A to place B. 1 minute later, Li walks from place B to place A. When Wang and Li meet on the road, who is farther from A?
7. The clock just struck 13. What should you do now?
8. On the vast grassland, there is a cow eating grass. This Niu Yi only ate half of the grass on the grassland in 2008. Q: How many years does it take to eat all the grass on the lawn?
9. Mom has seven pieces of candy. She wants to give them to the three children equally, but she doesn't want to cut the remaining candy. What should mom do?
10. There is a row of trees along the road in the park, and the distance between each tree is 3 meters. What is the distance between the first tree and the sixth tree?
1 1. Divide 8 in half, as shown below. How much is each half? The average score of arithmetic method is _ _ _ _ points, from which the horizontal score is _ _ _ _ points, and from which the vertical score is _ _ _ _ _ points.
12. A house has four corners, one corner has a cat, and there are three cats in front of each cat. How many cats are there in the room?
13. The house has four corners. There is a cat in a corner. There are four cats in front of each cat. How many cats are there in the room?
14. Xiaojun, Xiaohong and Xiaoping played chess, and played 3 sets altogether. Ask them how many games they played. (Every chess game is played by two people)
15. Xiaoming and Xiaohua each have a bag of sweets, but I don't know how many pieces there are in each bag. I only know that after Xiaoming gave Xiaohua 8 yuan, Xiaohua gave Xiaoming 14 yuan. At this time, the amount of sugar in their bags is exactly the same. Students, who do you think has more sugar? How much more?
Answer:
1.20, including fingernails and toenails.
2. Because he paid the salesman 40 yuan, he only gave him 2 yuan;
3.0, because the fish he caught does not exist;
4.6 Li, 36 Li;
Just teach the puppy to turn around and grab the bone with its hind feet.
6. They were in the same place when they met, so they were as far away from A;
7. This clock should be repaired;
8. It will never eat all the grass, because the grass will always grow;
9. Mom eats one piece first, and then gives two pieces to each child;
10. 15m；
1 1.4,0,3.
12.4;
13.5;
14.2 disk;
15. It turns out that there are many florets; 14-8=6 pieces, because the number of candy pieces of two people is exactly the same, so the result is that there are more small flowers than Xiaoming 12 pieces.
ⅸ Interesting story of fifth grade mathematics
1, one short step makes an everlasting regret.
1 On August 23, 967, the Soviet Union1spacecraft suddenly had a vicious accident when it returned to the atmosphere-the parachute could not be opened. After studying, the Soviet Union decided to broadcast the accident live to the whole country.
When the TV announcer announced in a heavy tone that the spaceship would crash in two hours and the audience would witness the martyrdom of astronaut Vladimir Komarov, the whole country was immediately shocked and people were immersed in great grief.
On TV, the audience saw the calm image of astronaut komarov. He smiled and told his daughter: "When studying, you should take every decimal point seriously. What happened to Soyuz 1 today is because a decimal point was ignored in the ground inspection. Even a decimal point error will lead to a tragic farewell that can never be remedied.
2. A mathematician triggered by a story
Chen Jingrun, a famous mathematician, made great contributions to overcoming Goldbach's conjecture and founded the famous "Chen Theorem", but who would have thought that his achievements originated from a story?
One day, Teacher Shen Yuan told us a story in math class: "A Frenchman discovered an interesting phenomenon 200 years ago: 6=3+3, 8=5+3, 10=5+5, 12=5+7, 28=5+23. Every even number greater than 4 can be expressed as the sum of two odd numbers. Because this conclusion has not been proved, it is still a guess.
From then on, Chen Jingrun became interested in this wonderful question. In his spare time, he likes going to the library. He not only read the counseling books in middle schools, but also eagerly read the textbooks of mathematics and physics courses in these universities. Therefore, he got the nickname "bookworm". It is such a mathematical story that aroused Chen Jingrun's interest and his diligence and made him a great mathematician.
3. Mathematicians' "forgetfulness"
On the 60th birthday of Professor Wu Wenjun, a mathematician in China, as usual, he got up at dawn and buried himself in calculations and formulas all day. Someone specially chose to visit at home this evening. After exchanging pleasantries, they explained their purpose: "I heard from your wife that today is your sixtieth birthday, and I came to congratulate you."
Wu Wenjun seemed to hear a message and suddenly said, "Oh, really? I forgot. " The bearer was secretly surprised and thought, how can a mathematician not even remember his birthday because his mind is full of numbers?
In fact, Wu Wenjun has a good memory for dates. Nearly sixty years old, he conquered a difficult problem for the first time-"machine certificate". This is to change the way mathematicians work with "a pen, a piece of paper, a head", and realize mathematical proof with computers, so that mathematicians have more time to engage in creative work.
4. The story of flowers
As we all know, Hua is a self-taught world-class mathematician. He only has a junior high school diploma. Because a paper was published in Science magazine, it was appreciated by mathematician Xiong Qinglai. From then on, North China went to Tsinghua and began his mathematics career.
65438-0936, recommended by Professor Xiong Qinglai, Hua went to Cambridge University in England to study. Hardy, a famous mathematician in the 20th century, has long heard that China is brilliant. He said, "You can get a doctorate in two years." But Hua said, "I don't want to get a doctorate. I just want to be a visitor."
In recent two years, he has devoted himself to studying the theory of heap prime numbers, published 18 papers about Willing and odd Goldbach, obtained the famous Fahrenheit theorem, and showed the outstanding wisdom and ability of China mathematicians to the whole world.
5. Mathematical genius of animals
Honeycomb is a strictly hexagonal cylinder, with a flat hexagonal opening at one end and a closed hexagonal diamond bottom at the other end, which is composed of three identical diamonds. The rhombic obtuse angle of the chassis is 109 degrees 28 minutes, and all acute angles are 70 degrees 32 minutes, which is both firm and material-saving. The honeycomb wall thickness is 0.073 mm, and the error is very small. It can be seen that mathematics is everywhere in life.