Lu Xun is known as "soul of china" because he took the place of Ge with pen and struggled hard all his life. Mao Zedong commented that he was a great writer, thinker and revolutionary, and the commander-in-chief of the Cultural Revolution in China. "Bowing one's head and being a willing ox" is a portrayal of Mr. Lu Xun's life.
Lu Xun 188 1 was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, but when 13 years old, his grandfather, who was an official in Beijing, was imprisoned for cheating in the imperial examination. Since then, my father has been ill for a long time and eventually died, and his family has fallen. Family changes have had a far-reaching impact on young Lu Xun. He is the eldest son of the family, with a lonely and weak mother and a young and weak sister in law. He must bear the burden of life with his mother. His innocent and lively childhood is over, and he has experienced the hardships of life and the changes of the world prematurely. He often takes the prescription prescribed by the doctor for his father to the pharmacy to get medicine, and takes things to the pawnshop to sell. In the past, when his family was well off, people around him looked at him enviously as a little "dude". There is kindness in his words and tenderness in his eyes. But now that my family is poor, the attitudes of people around me have changed: my words are cold, my eyes are cold, and my face is disdainful. The change of people's attitudes around him left a deep impression on Lu Xun's mind, which caused a great blow to his mind and made him feel that China at that time lacked sincere sympathy and love between people. People treat people and things with snobbery: one attitude towards the rich and powerful, another attitude towards the poor and incompetent. Many years later, Lu Xun said with great sadness: "Who fell from a well-off family to a poor situation? I think that on this road, we can probably see the true face of the world. " Introduction to screaming
The family changes and life experiences after the changes also made Lu Xun close to the lower class from his childhood. His grandmother lives in the countryside, which gives him the opportunity to get in touch with and understand the life of farmers. Especially before and after his grandfather went to prison, he had to take refuge in relatives in the countryside and live in the countryside for a long time. There, he became friends with children in the country, played with them, rowed boats, watched movies together, and sometimes "stole" beans and cooked them in their fields. There is no mutual discrimination and hatred between them, only mutual care and love. Lu Xun recorded his simple, natural, sincere and simple relationship with rural children as the best interpersonal relationship in his life.
At that time, the average scholar took three roads: one was to study and be an official. If you are not an official, you can also be a "screen friend" of bureaucrats. If the first two roads fail, you can still go into business. Lu Xun took another road that was most despised at that time: entering the "foreign school". In China at that time, it was generally regarded as a despicable activity of "selling souls to foreign devils". 1898, 18-year-old Lu Xun, who left his hometown, entered Nanjing Naval Academy with eight silver dollars raised by his loving mother, and later changed to Nanjing Road and Mine Academy. These two schools were established by the Westernization School to enrich Qiang Bing, offering courses such as mathematics, physics and chemistry, and imparting natural science knowledge. During this period, Lu Xun read works on foreign literature and social sciences and broadened his horizons. In particular, Yan Fu's translation of Huxley's Theory of Evolution, an Englishman, had a profound influence on Lu Xun. Evolution is a book introducing Darwin's theory of evolution, which makes Lu Xun realize that the real world is not harmonious and perfect, but full of fierce competition. To survive and develop, a person and a nation must have the spirit of self-reliance, independence and self-improvement. Can't be at the mercy of fate, can't be bullied by the strong.
Lu Xun's outstanding performance in Nanjing Road and Mine School gave him the opportunity to study abroad at public expense after graduation. 1902, he went to Japan, began to study Japanese at Hongwen College in Tokyo, and later entered Sendai Medical College. He chose to study medicine in order to treat patients who were victimized by quacks like his father and improve the health of China people who were ridiculed as "the sick man of East Asia". Lu Xun wanted to enlighten the people of China through medicine. But his dream didn't last long before it was shattered by the harsh reality. In Japan, as a citizen of a weak country, Lu Xun is often discriminated against by Japanese with militaristic tendencies. In their eyes, all China people are "imbeciles". Lu Xun scored 59 points in the anatomy test, so he suspected that Fujino Genkuro, the anatomy teacher, had leaked the examination questions to him. This made Lu Xun feel deeply sad as a weak country. On one occasion, in a slide show before class, Lu Xun saw a China man being beheaded by the Japanese army, while a group of China people stood by and watched. Lu Xun was greatly stimulated. This made him realize that mental numbness is more terrible than physical weakness. To change the tragic fate of the Chinese nation in the world, the first thing is to change the spirit of China people, and the first thing that is good at changing the spirit of China people is literature and art, so Lu Xun left Sendai Medical College and returned to Tokyo to translate foreign literary works, organize literary magazines, publish articles and engage in literary activities. At that time, what he discussed most with his friends was China's national character: what is the ideal human nature? What is China's national character lacking most? What is the root cause? Through this kind of thinking, Lu Xun linked his personal life experience with the fate of the whole Chinese nation, which laid the basic ideological foundation for him to become a writer and thinker later.
During his study in Japan, Lu Xun initially formed his world outlook and outlook on life. However, Lu Xun's thoughts and feelings were not only incomprehensible to most Japanese at that time, but also difficult to get a wide response from students studying in China. The foreign novels he translated can only sell dozens, and the literary magazines he organized can't be published because of lack of funds. The difficulty of family planning forced Lu Xun to return to China to find a job. From 65438 to 0909, he returned from Japan and taught in Hangzhou Zhejiang Normal School (now Hangzhou Senior High School) and Shaoxing High School. This period is a period of extreme depression of Lu Xun's thought. 19 1 1 year also excited him for a while, but then Yuan Shikai proclaimed himself emperor, zhang xun restoration and other historical scandals were constantly staged. The Revolution of 1911 did not change the stagnant reality of China, the social chaos, the national disaster, and the misfortune of personal marriage, which made Lu Xun feel depressed and depressed. After the May 4th Movement, his repressed thoughts and feelings exploded like lava through literary works. At that time, he was already working in the Ministry of Education and moved to Beijing with the Ministry of Education.
poetry
1, bash one's eyebrows coldly at a thousand fingers, bow one's head as a willing ox. (Lu Xun laughs at himself)
2. Send a message to Han Xing, and I recommend Xuanyuan with my blood. (Lu Xun's self-titled portrait)
3, relaxed and even spacious, listening to thunder in land of silence. (Lu Xun untitled)
4, the original grass is full of blood, and the cold condenses the earth. (Lu Xun untitled)
5, endure to see peers become new ghosts, angry at the knife to find small poems. (Lu Xun. )
6. Ruthlessness is not necessarily a real hero. How can Reiko Kobayakawa not be a husband? (Lu Xun)
7, do rob brothers, meet and laugh. (Lu Xun's topic Sanyi Tower)
8. Is there any pride like in the old days? Flowers bloom and fall. (Lu Xun mourns Yang Quan)
9, the historian sings a swan song, no rhyme [Li Sao]. (Lu Xun comments on Historical Records)
Opinions on public affairs
1. Time is like water in a sponge. As long as you are willing to squeeze, there is always something.
If you only read books, you will become a bookcase.
I seem to be a cow, eating grass and milking blood.
4. May all the young people in China get rid of the cold air, just walk upward, and don't have to listen to the words of self-destructors.
5, in fact, there is no road on the ground, and more people walk, it becomes a road.
6. Where there is genius, I spend all my time drinking coffee in other people's works.
7. Only the people's souls are valuable. Only by carrying them forward can China make real progress.
8. Calm, brave, discerning and unselfish.
9. The more difficult it is, the more you have to do it. Reform has never been smooth sailing.
10, our top priorities now are: first, survival, second, adequate food and clothing, and third, development.
1 1, you must dare to face it, and you can expect to dare to think, speak, do and act.
12, in the past, the rich should be retro, the rich should maintain the status quo, and the poor should be innovative, average, average!
13, human beings will never be lonely, thinking that life is progressive and natural.
14, as long as it's not like this, it's a baby. ...
15, the fact is a heartless thing, which can crush empty words.
16, the lies written by Mo can never cover up the facts written in blood.
17, in fact, pioneers can easily become stumbling blocks.
18, there is no freedom if you want stability, but you have to go through some dangers if you want freedom. There are only two ways.
19, if you want to cover everything, nothing can be done.
20. Time is life. Wasting other people's time for no reason is actually tantamount to killing people for money.
2 1. It is very bad to do something, no matter it is big or small, without perseverance.
22. If the deceased is not buried in the heart of the living, it is really dead.
23. It is always more difficult to remould oneself than to forbid others to come.
24. As long as a flower can be cultivated, it is better to be the rotten grass that will rot.
25. When I am silent, I feel full; I will open my mouth and feel empty at the same time.
26. The past life is dead. I am happy for this death, because I know it once lived.
27. The dead life has rotted. I get great pleasure from this decay, because I know it is not empty.
28, but I am calm and happy. I can laugh and I can sing.
29. I love my weeds, but I hate the ground decorated with weeds.
When I turn to dust, you will see my smile!
3 1. If it doesn't break out in silence, it will perish in silence.
32. Doubt is not a weakness. Always doubt, but don't judge, this is the disadvantage.
33. Entangled like a poisonous snake, persistent like a ghost. Intense fast, calm fast, even decadent fast.
34. Huge buildings are always made of one stone and one wood. Why don't we do this? I often do odd jobs, that's why.
I would rather fight the enemy openly than be countered by my colleagues.
36. Saying that you despise someone is not complete contempt. Only silence is the highest contempt-the highest contempt is silence, without even turning your eyes.
Only when Kong Yiji comes can you laugh.
Only a revolutionary, whether he is alive or dead, can give everyone happiness.
39. Everything needs to be studied before it can be understood.
40. If life is too comfortable, work will get tired of life.
4 1, to make a person's limited life more effective, that is, to prolong life.
42. I do dissect others from time to time, but more often I dissect myself mercilessly.
43. Take a good life path. The future is distant and dark. But don't be afraid. Only those who are not afraid have a way.
44. The most painful thing in life is that there is no way to go after waking up.
45. Treat others with humility and fill in the gaps.
46. Freedom can't be bought with money, but it can be bought with money.
47. Hope is dependent on existence. Where there is existence, there is hope, and hope is light.
poetry
1, bash one's eyebrows coldly at a thousand fingers, bow one's head as a willing ox. (Lu Xun laughs at himself)
2. Send a message to Han Xing, and I recommend Xuanyuan with my blood. (Lu Xun's self-titled portrait)
3, relaxed and even spacious, listening to thunder in land of silence. (Lu Xun untitled)
4, the original grass is full of blood, and the cold condenses the earth. (Lu Xun untitled)
5, endure to see peers become new ghosts, angry at the knife to find small poems. (Lu Xun. )
6. Ruthlessness is not necessarily a real hero. How can Reiko Kobayakawa not be a husband? (Lu Xun)
7, do rob brothers, meet and laugh. (Lu Xun's topic Sanyi Tower)
8. Is there any pride like in the old days? Flowers bloom and fall. (Lu Xun mourns Yang Quan)
9, the historian sings a swan song, no rhyme [Li Sao]. (Lu Xun comments on Historical Records)
Opinions on public affairs
1. Time is like water in a sponge. As long as you are willing to squeeze, there is always something.
If you only read books, you will become a bookcase.
I seem to be a cow, eating grass and milking blood.
4. May all the young people in China get rid of the cold air, just walk upward, and don't have to listen to the words of self-destructors.
5, in fact, there is no road on the ground, and more people walk, it becomes a road.
6. Where there is genius, I spend all my time drinking coffee in other people's works.
7. Only the people's souls are valuable. Only by carrying them forward can China make real progress.
8. Calm, brave, discerning and unselfish.
9. The more difficult it is, the more you have to do it. Reform has never been smooth sailing.
10, our top priorities now are: first, survival, second, adequate food and clothing, and third, development.
1 1, you must dare to face it, and you can expect to dare to think, speak, do and act.
12, in the past, the rich should be retro, the rich should maintain the status quo, and the poor should be innovative, average, average!
13, human beings will never be lonely, thinking that life is progressive and natural.
14, as long as it's not like this, it's a baby. ...
15, the fact is a heartless thing, which can crush empty words.
16, the lies written by Mo can never cover up the facts written in blood.
17, in fact, pioneers can easily become stumbling blocks.
18, there is no freedom if you want stability, but you have to go through some dangers if you want freedom. There are only two ways.
19, if you want to cover everything, nothing can be done.
20. Time is life. Wasting other people's time for no reason is actually tantamount to killing people for money.
2 1. It is very bad to do something, no matter it is big or small, without perseverance.
22. If the deceased is not buried in the heart of the living, it is really dead.
23. It is always more difficult to remould oneself than to forbid others to come.
24. As long as a flower can be cultivated, it is better to be the rotten grass that will rot.
25. When I am silent, I feel full; I will open my mouth and feel empty at the same time.
26. The past life is dead. I am happy for this death, because I know it once lived.
27. The dead life has rotted. I get great pleasure from this decay, because I know it is not empty.
28, but I am calm and happy. I can laugh and I can sing.
29. I love my weeds, but I hate the ground decorated with weeds.
When I turn to dust, you will see my smile!
3 1. If it doesn't break out in silence, it will perish in silence.
32. Doubt is not a weakness. Always doubt, but don't judge, this is the disadvantage.
33. Entangled like a poisonous snake, persistent like a ghost. Intense fast, calm fast, even decadent fast.
34. Huge buildings are always made of one stone and one wood. Why don't we do this? I often do odd jobs, that's why.
I would rather fight the enemy openly than be countered by my colleagues.
36. Saying that you despise someone is not complete contempt. Only silence is the highest contempt-the highest contempt is silence, without even turning your eyes.
Only when Kong Yiji comes can you laugh.
Only a revolutionary, whether he is alive or dead, can give everyone happiness.
39. Everything needs to be studied before it can be understood.
40. If life is too comfortable, work will get tired of life.
4 1, to make a person's limited life more effective, that is, to prolong life.
42. I do dissect others from time to time, but more often I dissect myself mercilessly.
43. Take a good life path. The future is distant and dark. But don't be afraid. Only those who are not afraid have a way.
44. The most painful thing in life is that there is no way to go after waking up.
45. Treat others with humility and fill in the gaps.
46. Freedom can't be bought with money, but it can be bought with money.
47. Hope is dependent on existence. Where there is existence, there is hope, and hope is light.