Teng participated in leading the Autumn Harvest Uprising in his early years, led the Pingjiang Uprising together with Peng, led the struggle in Jinggangshan revolutionary base area together with Zhu De and Peng, participated in the founding of the People's Army, had many years of military work experience, and studied military affairs in the Soviet Union.1May 940, the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China (CPC) decided that Teng was then the chief of staff of the Central Military Commission, and then the vice president and deputy political commissar of the general school of China People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political University (hereinafter referred to as "Anti-Japanese University"). Kangda's predecessor was China People's Anti-Japanese Red Army University founded by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in June 1936. 1937 was renamed China People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political University in June, with Lin Biao as president and Mao Zedong as political commissar. 1937 After Lin Biao was appointed as the commander of the Eighth Route Army in August, the party and government work of Kangda was presided over by the vice chairman. 1April, 940, Kangda General School moved to the rear of the enemy line to start.
Teng Dai Yuan's appointment to Kangda coincided with the Eighth Route Army's Hundred Regiments War. "The greater the resistance," the school moved behind enemy lines, teaching was closely integrated with troops, and teaching was combined with actual combat. Teng led the teachers and students of the whole school to treat the battlefield as a classroom, especially in the anti-Japanese "mopping-up" campaign in the third stage of the Hundred Regiments War, Teng ordered 600 teachers and students of Kangda to form a sniper force, and achieved great victory in the battles of Hongling and 30 mu of land. At that time, many companies in Kangda General School were only one or two kilometers away from the battlefield. There is only a mountain bag between the students and the Japanese army. Japanese fighters hover overhead and gunshots ring in their ears. Teng and the teachers are calm and methodical in their teaching. When they were in a large class in the ravine and fighting and practicing on the hillside, the enemy rushed up. Withdraw when you say it, and fight when you say it. The enemy is gone, and they are still studying. Many elements and joints of operational command that are not understood in class will be understood by the students with a little help from the teachers after the war, and will be remembered for a lifetime. "Fighting is learning, and learning is also fighting" became the distinctive school-running feature of Kangda at that time, and it was also the unique style of the growth of our military generals.
Teng Daiyuan's general policy for the sixth, seventh and eighth phases of student training in the General School of Anti-Japanese University is: "To transport a large number of middle and senior commanders of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army in order to establish an iron army under the command of our Party." Emphasize: "The students trained by the Anti-Japanese University must not be just theorists who understand the laws of war. All students must first become operational commanders who lead troops to win the battle. Whether Kangda's teaching is successful or not should be tested with a real knife and a real gun on the battlefield. Your opponent, the enemy, will only be the grader who boycotts our college students' academic performance. "
When arranging the training plan for anti-college students, Teng pays attention to proceeding from reality. In particular, he demanded that "the needs of field troops are the ultimate goal of anti-university training students". What he often talks about is: "The students who came out of Kangda General School must be famous for their military skills. Kangda General School is not just a school, it is a veritable fighting force. "
In the direction of anti-university education, Teng not only focuses on the current operational needs of the army, but also focuses on the long-term development of our army in the future. He emphasized the study of modern military technology and pointed out: "A commander of a synthetic army cannot keep up with the development of the times without knowing that technology is the basis of tactics and learning contract tactics well. At present, the backwardness of our army's equipment is temporary and will continue to improve and strengthen with the progress of the war. Therefore, we must set our vision and goals for the future on boycotting running big schools. We must never allow short-sightedness and just tie our thoughts to the level of' millet plus rifle'. "
In order to improve the teaching level quickly, Teng constantly reformed the education and training system according to the actual needs. In order to meet the needs of professional teaching in guerrilla environment, Teng ordered each regiment and brigade of Kangda General School to set up military and political chief teachers, and the company set up resident teachers to ensure that grass-roots units can independently carry out teaching activities in daily war situations. He instructed the Anti-University General School to transfer 80 in-service teachers, set up three research rooms for military affairs, education and work, concentrate on study and research, and prepare to undertake the task of training more middle and senior commanders. Organize teacher training teams, logistics cadre training teams and medical personnel training teams; Establish a learning system for on-the-job cadres, strictly study progress, give lectures, tests and assessments on a regular basis, and hold academic discussions and current affairs policy reports on a regular basis; Train logistics personnel who have been away from home for a long time in stages to improve their policy and business level. In order to disintegrate the Japanese army in the battle, the general school of Kangda University specially held a Japanese training team for three months, which made the trainees grow into "Japanese experts" welcomed by frontline combat troops. Although the conditions for running a school behind enemy lines are very difficult, Teng has successfully set up an engineering team to organize students to learn professional skills such as bridge building, road building, urban construction and blasting.
According to the plan of strengthening the regularization construction, Teng also put forward strict requirements for teaching research, textbook compilation, establishment and improvement of rules and regulations in ordinary colleges and universities. He also personally presided over the examination and approval and compilation of unified campaign and tactics textbooks in Soviet military academies. In the seventh issue of ordinary universities alone, 4 1 textbooks were published, and more than 8000 copies of/kloc-0 were distributed. Through continuous exploration, summary and innovation, Teng's unique research thought and teaching style of "strictness, truth, depth and detail" have gradually formed.
In strengthening the leadership and contact with the branch schools, Teng has done a lot of work in defining the school-running policy, unifying the compilation of teaching materials, unifying teaching methods, training teachers, and deploying cadres, which has greatly strengthened the leadership of the branch schools scattered in various base areas and made Kangda's school flag fly high on both sides of the Yellow River and the Jianghuai land.
When he was in charge of the school affairs of Kangda University, Teng often rode with the guards to the student groups, camps and even playgrounds more than ten kilometers away to check the students' morning exercises to see whether the queues were neat and whether the personnel were well organized. He constantly went deep into each company to check the training effect, housekeeping, dressing, and even whether to wear guns and ammunition according to the prescribed position was included in his inspection scope. Teng, like other students, set an example and learned the tactics and basic command essentials of companies, battalions and regiments, as well as the weapons operation and battlefield application principles of artillery, armored forces, engineers and aviation. As the main leader of the Anti-University General School, he constantly went deep into various teaching companies, taking turns to listen to the main teachers' lectures and participate in teaching comments. When commenting on the field work of cadres and students above the regiment level, he patiently educated everyone: "Military theory must be combined with actual combat, and we must never apply book knowledge to our lives." In the night reconnaissance class, Teng followed the student team all night, and also participated in the teaching evaluation with great interest, encouraging everyone: "Night fighting and melee are heirlooms for our army to defeat the enemy, while enemy planes and artillery are blind in night fighting and melee, so we should be good at leading our troops to compete for prestige in night fighting and melee."
Among the cases in which ordinary universities participated in the war against Japan during the period of running schools behind enemy lines, the most noteworthy one was the "anti-mopping-up in May". 1942, Okamura Ningji, commander-in-chief of the Japanese North China Army, assembled 60,000 troops and used tactics such as "encircling with iron walls", "blocking with iron pipes" and "combing the combs" to "mop up" the anti-Japanese base areas behind enemy lines in North China. The headquarters of the Eighth Route Army, the Northern Bureau and the Anti-University General School are the main targets of the Japanese army's "sweeping and converging attack" and "key annihilation". Okamura Ningji shouted: "To eliminate the great resistance is to eliminate half of the border area!" "I would rather sacrifice 20 Japanese soldiers for an anti-college student and 50 Japanese soldiers for an anti-university general school cadre!" On May 2 1 day, the Japanese army occupied the headquarters of Kangda General School in Jiang Shui Town, Xingtai County, Hebei Province. According to the theory of "profit transformation line" put forward by Kangda General School to choose the best time to jump out of the Japanese converging attack circle, Teng decided to adopt the tactics of "the enemy advances and we advance" to strike at the enemy behind the Japanese army. In view of the dense formation of the Japanese army, there are many non-combatants and articles in Kangda General School, and there is only one guard company. Teng ordered that "the three leaders of Kangda General School each bring some troops, and the supply, health, logistics and other departments disperse and hide in situ, and finally meet in Wangmengzhai Valley". Teng and Education Minister He Changgong came to meet in the town and decided to "break through overnight". The troops were surrounded by the fierce "sweeping" of the Japanese army at the speed of rapid March. At dawn the next day, they successfully got rid of the Japanese encirclement. Only the army middle school sacrificed more than 30 people in the outnumbered battle. Shi Ziqian, the vice president, was captured and died heroically after being injured. On July 7th, Teng specially summarized the significance of May's anti-mopping-up campaign and the valuable teaching experience of anti-college students' learning war in wartime, and showed the spoils captured by teachers and students in the anti-mopping-up campaign.
During Teng's work in the Anti-Japanese General School, the economic conditions in the anti-Japanese base areas behind enemy lines in North China were very difficult. The school is located in the poorest areas of Shanxi and Hebei. Basically, they ate sorghum rice and black beans brought back from guerrilla zones 50 kilometers away or near enemy-occupied areas under armed cover. Dry food is persimmon flour mixed with rice bran. In order to ensure the teaching life, Teng called on the faculty and staff of the whole school to work hard and be thrifty, and put forward the idea of "saving a penny and increasing the anti-Japanese strength", and the general school implemented strict budget and final accounts; The logistics department runs tofu houses, livestock farms and flour mills, runs military factories and cooperatives, manufactures bedding, shoes and socks, and produces and distributes daily necessities and school supplies; Students use the front and back sides of the resident houses to reclaim land, plant fruits and vegetables, raise pigs and sheep, grind their own grain and beans, cut firewood and pick coal, and realize self-sufficiency in vegetables and firewood. Teng often inspects the kitchen company by company, asking everyone to try their best to let the front-line teachers eat steamed bread once a week. In addition to the cold winter, Teng and He Changgong also went barefoot with everyone to ensure that they had shoes to wear during the anti-"mopping-up" and marching.
Many students of Kangda later grew up to be senior generals of the People's Army, including captains and corps commanders, political commissars and commanders of major military regions, and commanders of various arms and services of the Central Military Commission. On September 30th, Teng attended the reception for the 25th anniversary of the National Day in the Great Hall of the People. A PLA air force cadre came to Teng and reported, "Hello, Chairman Teng!" I am your student Ma Ning, graduated from the 6th National Anti-Japanese University, and now I am the air force commander of the Central Military Commission. Teng Dai Yuan happily encouraged him: "Build the Air Force into a strike force to shock the enemy."
From 1940 to 1942, during Teng's three years as the main leader, Kangda General School trained more than 10,000 students. In their study and fighting, they have created excellent commanders who are good at both civil and military affairs, which has provided an important guarantee for our army to win the victory in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Today, many living leaders and teachers of Kangda University, as well as comrades who studied in Kangda General School and worked as students in the headquarters of the Military Commission, various arms and services and major military regions, are deeply impressed by the strict requirements, seeking truth from facts and in-depth and meticulous style of the old president Teng.