In the teaching of fitter practice, I will guide and educate students from three aspects: safety education in fitter practice, learning safety technical measures and strengthening supervision and inspection, so as to make them qualified technical talents.
1 the necessity of safety education in fitter's practice
1. 1 Understand the importance of safety.
The media reported that a gas explosion in a coal mine in Shanxi caused dozens of deaths; The overload of the elevator in a construction site in Changsha caused the elevator to fall from the sky, resulting in more than a dozen deaths, which made Changsha lose the qualification to evaluate the national civilized city in that year; Hengyang 1 1.3 catastrophic fire, in which more than a dozen fire officers and soldiers died; In 9 1 year, when a group of students were practicing in the mechanical repair workshop of Baifang Coal Mine in Hengyang City, a female classmate accidentally rolled her hair into the machine tool at work, and finally rolled her scalp from behind to her forehead. 1997, in the locksmith class 15, when drilling, a student was afraid of being dirty, and was caught by iron filings when drilling with gloves, and his thumb was broken, which made him a fourth-grade disability. In March 2009, a group of students worked in Xiangtan Water Pump Factory. In the previous month, students had three safety accidents, and one of them had a broken finger. Students will be shocked when they know these accidents, big and small. Then let the students analyze the causes of the accident together, and let them know that most of the casualties and property losses are caused by failure to act according to objective laws, disrespect for science, neglect of safety production, neglect of teacher education, chaotic management, violation of national policies, illegal command, illegal operation, poor safety awareness and serious dereliction of duty of state staff. A series of painful lessons will naturally help students raise their awareness and let them know the importance of safety.
1.2 Understanding the great significance of safe production
Strengthening labor protection, doing a good job in safe production and protecting the safety and health of employees is the consistent policy of our party and a basic principle of socialist enterprise management, so that students can know that this is determined by the nature of socialist countries. It represents the current interests, long-term interests and fundamental interests of the working people, and is directly related to the vital interests of the working people, the smooth progress of economic construction and China's international reputation. At the same time, safety in production is an important guarantee for the construction of material civilization and spiritual civilization, and it is also a prerequisite for enterprises to be efficient and effective. Doing a good job in safety can not only reduce the consumption of materials and labor, but also reduce the direct economic losses caused by accidents. Let the students know that the direct economic losses caused by each accident to the country range from several hundred thousand yuan to tens of millions of yuan, while the indirect economic losses are often several times larger. It is of great political and economic significance for the country to let students know about safety in production. This is also of great significance to vocational education schools in China. If our teachers' sense of responsibility and safety awareness is not strong, students' safety awareness is not strong, and it is very likely that they will cause physical injury in the internship before they actually take up their jobs, which will affect their future study, life and work, and even safety accidents will easily occur after work. Therefore, we must understand the great significance of safe production, strengthen it into consciousness and turn it into teaching practice.
2 learning safety technical measures
First of all, before talking about technology, let's explain the "safe production" and "factory tips" after each section in the book to the students, so that they can form a sense in their minds. Such as drilling: ① Do not wear gloves when operating the drilling machine, and stop the machine when removing chips. (2) Before starting the drilling rig, check whether the drill chuck key or inclined iron is inserted on the drill shaft. (3) The head of the operator is not allowed to be too close to the rotating spindle, and the head should be higher than the drill chuck. (4) When drilling, it is not allowed to blow with hands and cotton yarn heads or mouths. To remove iron filings, use a brush to remove them, and use iron hooks to drill out long scraps. ⑤ The work must be clamped, especially when drilling large holes or blind holes in small parts, and protective measures such as reducing the feed as much as possible and withdrawing the tool frequently should be taken. 6. Clean the rig or add lubricating oil, and cut off the power supply. All landowners are not allowed to change the speed when parking. Another example is scraping: ① When scraping, the sharp edges and acute angles of the workpiece must be removed to prevent hand injury. (2) When grinding the scraper, you should stand on the side or inclined side of the grinder, and the pressure should not be too great. (3) When scraping large workpieces, attention should be paid to safety in movement and stable placement. Our college adopts a modular approach to teaching, and teachers guide students to practice while talking about theory. Students may not be able to keep these safety knowledge in mind. This requires teachers to demonstrate their own actions and explain the norms of safe and civilized production one by one, so that students can understand that if they do not follow the norms, there may be serious consequences. For example, when we stop drilling, we brake by hand, which violates the operating rules and may have the following consequences: the edges and corners on the drill chuck or the iron chips attached to it are easy to cut our hands. More importantly, if people develop this bad habit, sometimes they are in a bad mental state and confused for a while, so it is very dangerous to brake before the machine stops. When shifting gears, stop first and then shift gears. Sometimes if you don't pay attention to it and don't stop the machine, it will change the speed of the machine, and the gear inside will be knocked out at once, which will seriously damage the machine. I was fine when I was studying at school, because there were special teachers to explain, demonstrate and follow up, and I found problems and corrected them in time. Whenever a student enters the factory, the master will teach you and remind you, but he still has to finish the task, and sometimes he has no time to supervise you. Some students are curious and feel that they know everything. Without the guidance of the master, they are curious and blindly operate. As a result, something went wrong, from damaging the workpiece to causing casualties.
3. Strengthen supervision and inspection
In addition, teachers should strengthen their sense of responsibility, not only to improve students' safety awareness and teach students to learn safety technical measures well, but also to strengthen supervision and check whether students' behavior is standardized in practice.
(1) Check the students' clothes. Students are required to wear work clothes. Slippers, sandals, vests and skirts are not allowed. Female students should also pay attention to the fact that their hair must be tied in their work hats.
(2) Before taking up the post, the teacher should first talk about technology, standardization and safety, so that students can have an impression in their minds before operation. Or make a summary of the previous internship, praise the good, criticize the bad, unambiguous, and not careless about safety issues.
(3) All tools must be complete, intact and reliable before starting work. And strictly abide by the safety operation procedures of common tools.
(4) In the tour guide, the teacher should correct the problems in time, even if there is a little violation, our teacher can't let go. For example, when filing scraps, students have a bad habit of blowing scrap iron with their mouths and often touching rough parts with their hands. Students should be told to replace the files without handles or with cracks in the handles; Don't chisel people when you chisel, but chisel the protective net to prevent debris from flying out and hurting people; There are obvious bristles on the chisel head, so students should wear them off; If the insulation of hand-held electric tools is found to be damaged, stop using them immediately and send them to the relevant electrician for inspection.
⑤ Students are not allowed to skip work, play rough, touch other people's machine tools or play pranks. They should be serious.
⑥ When the operation is finished or you leave your job for some reason, you must cut off the power, gas, water and oil sources of the equipment and tools. After the work is finished, the work site must be cleaned up, and the workpieces and parts must be neatly placed in the designated positions.
Only by reminding students from time to time and strengthening supervision and inspection can students operate more standardized, safer and nip in the bud.
"Safety is more important than Mount Tai" is related to people's personal safety, vital interests, national property safety, and even the country's international reputation, which cannot be ignored. Only by raising teachers' awareness in teaching can they be transformed into actions, and safety awareness will run through teaching, educate students and arouse their attention, thus reducing the occurrence of safety accidents and cultivating students into qualified technical talents with safety awareness.
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