Five core qualities of fine arts: image reading, artistic expression, aesthetic attitude, innovative ability and cultural understanding.
Literacy, knowledge base and structural psychology, core areas of discipline system, mode of thinking and personality characteristics ―― Yang Xiangdong
Aesthetic attitude is a special psychological state at the beginning of aesthetic activities. The attitude of the subject to the aesthetic object,
Mainly psychological state. It is influenced not only by objective conditions such as time and place, but also by subjective psychological factors such as mood and emotion.
Aesthetic activities require the subject to break away from daily real life and maintain an attitude unrelated to actual utility. Have the concept and habit of viewing as a whole, watch all parts and details of the whole by contact and comparison, and find the similarities and differences between objects.
Start from two aspects:
First, choose a way that is conducive to the formation of core literacy and knowledge acquisition; Second, solve problems by putting knowledge and skills in situations.
1. Have the concept and habit of viewing as a whole, and look at all parts and details of the whole in a way of connection and comparison to find out the relationship between objects.
Similarities and differences; Through visual observation, we can feel the shape, color, material, texture and other formal characteristics of specific objects, paving the way for further understanding and interpretation.
2. Intuitively feel the similarity, isomorphism, tension and other characteristics of the image, and understand and interpret the intention, meaning and expressed thoughts, attitudes and emotions of the image through reading, searching, thinking and discussion.
3. Understand the types of images from the dimensions, materials, techniques, styles and development context, and identify and guide the images in them.
Value and function in study, life and work.
4. In the era of reading pictures, we can distinguish, judge, choose and interpret various visual cultural phenomena and information in real life.
Question 2: What kind of artistic accomplishment should students cultivate? What kind of ability should primary school art education cultivate? I think there are the following points: first, we should cultivate students' aesthetic ability. Beauty is a specific image that conforms to the law in life, is harmonious and unified with its content, and is rich, unique and pleasant. People must have the ability to appreciate beauty when they know and discover beauty, but people's ability to appreciate beauty is not innate and must be cultivated and trained the day after tomorrow. The love of beauty is human nature, especially for growing children. Through aesthetic education, students can use dialectical materialism and historical materialism to distinguish authenticity, good and evil and judge beauty and ugliness. Therefore, our art education has more aesthetic content. For example, you can learn the Chinese painting "* * * * * * *" by Guan Shanyue and Fu Baoshi, which can make students feel proud of the magnificent mountains and rivers of the motherland; Learn Xu Beihong's "Running Horse" to reveal aesthetic lessons such as clean and vigorous spiritual beauty. In addition, in the practice of art class, students not only feel the beauty of variety, modeling structure and color, but also feel the formal beauty of change, unity, symmetry, balance, contrast and harmony contained in nature. Second, we should cultivate students' modeling ability. "Form" is the foundation of art education, and it is also the fundamental content and main means of art. The quality of "type" is directly related to the quality of artistic works, and a good artistic work must have a good shape. And this shape includes two situations. One is the structural modeling of the whole graph. This is a relatively extensive modeling, just like what we use to express our thoughts and feelings in words. The same ideological content can be expressed by objects with different shapes. For example, expressing people's anger can be expressed directly through a person's facial expression, or by combining people's behavior with the surrounding objects. Another example: the same expression is winter. Some people may express it directly with heavy snow, while others express it with people wearing sweaters and cotton hats. Different contents and objects have different structural forms and different combination forms. How do these objects combine to be beautiful? This is a problem that our teacher must emphasize. One is the modeling of a single object. Every object has a different shape, but we can summarize it into several geometric figures. Such as: rectangle (cuboid), square (cube), triangle, circle and so on. In the real world, we can regard most houses, books and desks as cuboids. Our limbs and branches can be regarded as cylinders; Our whole head can be regarded as an egg-shaped circle; Peony flowers can be round and so on. This is the overall shape of the object when we learn to draw. Teachers should first teach students to understand the general shape of objects, and then divide them into small parts. For example, when we draw a car, we can regard the car as a cuboid, and first determine the size and position, and then determine the size and position of its doors and wheels. This way, there will be no problem of deformation and wife ratio. Third, we should cultivate students' imagination. Imagination is also an important part of our art education. Every successful person is an imaginative person, especially a painter, poet, writer, scientist and astronomer. They must have extraordinary imagination to achieve today's achievements. The cultivation of imagination has many forms in art education, such as asking students to draw an imaginary picture according to a scene, a phenomenon, a season and a poem. Another example is: let students pinch people's happiness, anger, sadness and joy with mud. All of them are to cultivate students' imagination. At the same time, in physical painting, we also require cultivating students' imagination, especially primary school students. It is impossible to draw exactly the same as the real thing, and it is not required to draw exactly the same as the real thing to cultivate students' imagination. Fourth, we should cultivate students' color ability. Color is the basis of painting in art education. If you want to learn painting well, color knowledge is essential. Color is the key to express the shape of an object. Of course, the colors here are not only red, blue, green, yellow and purple, but also black and white. Without color contrast, the shape can't be expressed. For example, in the same painting, if there are ten objects, and all of them are painted red or blue, then these objects are difficult to show. Especially if the distance between lightness and lightness of color is not large, it is impossible to distinguish these objects in the painting, just as you can't see anything in the dark. Therefore, our teacher should cultivate students' color ability, such as lightness and depth of color. The ink book in China is only black, but it is divided into five colors in painting, which shows the importance of color in painting. Moreover, colors can also express people's different emotions and personalities, so ... >>
Question 3: What is the professional quality of art teachers? First, professional knowledge and artistic accomplishment.
As an art teacher, in addition to all teachers' personality and general literacy, of course, I also have my own necessary special professional knowledge and artistic literacy.
(a) Subject expertise
Teachers who are competent in education and teaching should first have the professional knowledge of the subject they teach, that is, the knowledge of "what to teach", also known as ontological knowledge or subject knowledge. Phoenix suggested that the standard for selecting subject course content is: 1. Teaching content must come from organized disciplines; 2. Be sure to choose the content that can explain the representative concept in the discipline; 3. Must choose the content that can explain the theme inquiry method; We must choose the teaching content that can stimulate students' imagination. [2] Teachers must have the professional knowledge of art teaching, including the professional knowledge of art subject and the theory and skills of subject knowledge teaching, that is, the teaching strategies used in art classroom, art curriculum design, etc. Both of them should be internalized as a part of teachers' personality to promote teachers' professional growth.
In the past, the educational orientation of attaching importance to the understanding of the fine arts discipline itself should change to cultivating students' basic ability, and the teaching mode and methods should also tend to be diversified. Subject teaching should pay equal attention to technology and theory, and pay attention to cultivating students' creativity. Methodologically, special study should be introduced and the cultivation of students' special research ability should be emphasized.
(2) Artistic accomplishment
Artistic accomplishment refers to "the understanding, analysis, judgment, emotion and creation of various artistic forms, including human activities and products of design aesthetics" and "the synthesis of individual's ability to analyze, judge and express art" [3] Teacher education should pay special attention to the improvement of artistic accomplishment, because art teachers in primary and secondary schools are faced with the majority of primary and secondary school students and shoulder the heavy responsibility of cultivating future citizens with artistic quality. The level of teachers' artistic accomplishment directly affects the growth of students' artistic accomplishment. What primary and middle school students need is art general education. In addition to art skills, they emphasize understanding the general laws of art, conserving aesthetic feeling through art, spreading art ideas with the help of techniques and improving artistic accomplishment. While teaching art skills, we can't ignore the cultivation of creativity and aesthetic feeling. Art teachers are not only "artisans" who have mastered one or two painting skills, but also art education talents with broad cultural and artistic horizons who are constantly seeking innovation.
Second, educational research and teaching ability.
Teachers who are competent in art education and teaching should also have the knowledge of "how to teach" and "why to teach", that is, conditional knowledge. Pedagogy, psychology, art education principles and children's art psychology are mainly used in art education and teaching to provide support for art subject knowledge; In addition, it also includes practical knowledge, that is, the actual curriculum design and the ability to formulate teaching strategies. The course situational knowledge and classroom teaching knowledge possessed by teachers in the actual teaching process are summarized and sublimated in long-term educational practice, and gradually become the accumulation of educational and teaching experience.
From three aspects: basic cultural knowledge, subject knowledge and educational professional knowledge, art teachers have profound subject knowledge, but their general basic knowledge is not extensive enough and their educational knowledge is relatively lacking. The knowledge structure of modern art teachers requires the unity of generous basic knowledge, solid art professional knowledge and art teaching ability, and has a reasonable composition, so that teachers have three professional qualities: personality, discipline and education.
Third, professional wisdom.
"Wisdom" is the comprehensive function of various qualities, and it is the transpiration and sublimation of knowledge and skills. Mr. Feng Qi advocates "turning knowledge into wisdom", that is, attaching great importance to and emphasizing wisdom. The higher level of teachers' profession lies in the cultivation of "professional wisdom".
Cicero (former 106- former 43), an ancient Roman thinker, believed that the goal of education is not only to cultivate people with certain specialized skills, but also to cultivate "virtue" that dwarfs other virtues, which is a truly supreme personality. Renaissance thinkers borrowed the word virtus to express the perfection and beauty that people can achieve. It includes people's value, ability, knowledge, wisdom, courage and moral cultivation, and is a highly comprehensive quality. [4]
The above theories and qualities of teachers' professional practice can be sublimated into professional wisdom. In this paper, it is divided into five abilities, namely, sensitivity, creativity, reflection, diligence and synergy, and their comprehensive manifestations, so as to facilitate understanding and grasping.
1. keen, that is, sensitive to the development trend, educational situation and social environment of fine arts disciplines, and able to make immediate judgments.
2. Creativity is very important for the formation of professional wisdom. First of all, it is an educational and teaching tool ... >>
Question 4: How to cultivate students' core literacy in art class In recent years, with the in-depth development of education reform, people pay more and more attention to students' psychological quality education, aiming at cultivating and developing students' healthy psychology, thus promoting education with increasingly perfect personality. Nowadays, most students are only children, and they all have different degrees of psychological barriers. Education should change from the cultivation of single skills to the cultivation of comprehensive quality. As an important cultural and educational activity, art education shoulders the task of cultivating students' psychological quality in a unique form. As an art teacher in primary school, in order to make art class a favorite class for students successfully, teachers should first understand the inner world of students and their thoughts. Therefore, I try to give students mental health education in class.
First, in the process of art education, protect students' self-esteem as much as possible.
Educator Suhomlinski said: "The dignity of children is the most sensitive corner of human beings. Protecting children's self-esteem is a potential force to protect children's progress. " We all know that each group has individual differences. Teachers should respect students' personality, protect students' self-esteem, and don't hurt their fragile hearts easily.
1. Make use of the discipline characteristics of fine arts to communicate honestly with students from the heart and respect their different emotional expressions.
Art is not only an expression, but also an exchange. The creator and the audience exchange thoughts and feelings, which resonates. Communicate frankly with students through the process of art teaching. Let them express their feelings freely in their works, and don't restrict them too much in content and form. For example, the same scenery, reflected in a classmate's painting, is blue sky and white clouds, green mountains and green waters; But in the eyes of another student, it may be dark clouds and desolation. In this way, let them express their emotions in various forms in art works, always respect and encourage students, protect students' self-esteem and maintain students' mental health, which can alleviate or eliminate students' psychological pressure in learning, mobilize students' enthusiasm for participating in teaching activities, help improve students' negative emotions and make them happy to learn.
2. Combine the characteristics of art, give full play to its special advantages, develop students' intelligence and respect students' individual differences.
Everyone has his own personality. As far as interest is concerned, some like sports, some like music, some are obsessed with art, and some are devoted to literature. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize and respect the individual differences between each student. Some students with poor grades will be criticized, accused and complained from family, school, society and other aspects, which will seriously hurt their self-esteem, make them unable to find a balance in their hearts, and will erupt in a negative way, resulting in a series of problems such as poor study, poor discipline and moral corruption. , leading to more and more "problem students", more and more students have different degrees of psychological problems. Don't underestimate the potential creativity of children (especially those with poor grades) in other aspects. There is an example: there is a boy who has poor grades and no special skills and is a typical underachiever. After understanding the situation, the teacher did not regard him as an underachiever, but tried every means to find out the advantages of the child and help him find his long-lost self-esteem. One day, the boy drew casually and was seen by the teacher. The teacher immediately praised his painting (in fact, it was just a boy doodling casually), helped him revise it and recommended it to a local tabloid. Encouraged, the boy began to paint more attentively and finally became a famous local painter. It is precisely because the teacher found the bright spot of this child and encouraged it in time that this child, who is regarded as an underachiever, raised the sail of progress. Therefore, students are encouraged to develop their own personality as much as possible, which is the so-called "36 plans, walking is the best policy". There is no need to exhaust their energy and hurt their self-esteem because their grades in cultural subjects can't be improved.
Second, through art education, students' self-confidence is established.
Self-confidence is a positive psychological tendency of people to believe in themselves and pursue self-worth, and it is the core of human health. Self-confidence plays an inestimable role in everyone's life development. Self-confidence can help a person gradually establish personality charm, have a healthy life and move towards success. Respecting him means giving him a positive self-concept, making him self-respecting, confident and self-reliant, and facing life with a good attitude; Affirming him and making him more confident in the future is a psychological motivation for a person's success.
1. Give priority to praise and encouragement in teaching, and affirm students' achievements in time.
Psychology >>
Question 5: What is the core quality of art education?
Five core qualities of fine arts: image reading, artistic expression, aesthetic attitude, innovative ability, cultural understanding, knowledge base and structural psychology, core areas of discipline system, thinking mode and personality characteristics ―― Yang Xiangdong's aesthetic attitude is a special psychological state at the beginning of people's aesthetic activities.
Question 6: What are the basic qualities of art class representatives? In my opinion, no matter how the new curriculum reform is changed or how it is "new", it is inseparable from the most basic element of teachers. If a teacher does not have the qualities of a teacher, how can he enter the modern classroom and implement the new curriculum? Can't give full play to the advantages brought by the new curriculum.
1. Establish an educational concept centered on student development.
The curriculum reform of basic education first emphasizes the change of educational concept. Traditional teaching is used to organizing teaching with teachers as the center, books as the center and classrooms as the center, which is divorced from students' life experience and ignores students' development needs to some extent. For example, when I was a child, one of the most commonly used methods of art was to let you copy blindly. But can it be done under today's new curriculum? The new art curriculum requires teachers to organize teaching activities based on students' life experience, pay attention to learning process and learning methods, mobilize students' positive emotional experience, make their internal development needs coincide with art teaching, and realize students' all-round and healthy development.
2. Construct an ecological knowledge structure that transcends disciplines.
Most art teachers have professional knowledge of art and accumulated some teaching experience, so they can be competent for routine teaching that emphasizes subject knowledge. The new art curriculum emphasizes the cultivation of students' comprehensive ability, the connection between art curriculum and social life, the cultivation of humanistic spirit and aesthetic ability, and so on. These requirements urge our art teachers to keep up with social development, learn other new technologies and knowledge related to art courses, learn teaching methods to promote students' thinking and personality development, form an open ecological knowledge structure, and truly realize the common growth of teachers and new courses.
3. Master the interactive teaching method of the common development of teachers and students.
In the new course of fine arts, due to the implementation of new educational concepts and special attention to students' physical and mental development, colorful interactive teaching has been brought to the fine arts classroom. In order to make students learn more actively, art teachers should constantly create new teaching situations according to the actual situation, create a classroom atmosphere suitable for students' growth and meet the needs of students' development. At the same time, interactive teaching activities will constantly make teachers update their teaching methods. In the new art curriculum, teachers will be pioneers and creators. Diversified and selective curriculum requirements enable art teachers to constantly improve themselves in teaching, improve their ideological quality and professional ability in the practice and exploration of curriculum reform, and provide the most basic and favorable guarantee for themselves to enter the new curriculum. Art teachers who walk with the new curriculum will have and show the youthful vitality of teaching.
Question 7: How to cultivate students' academic accomplishment in art classroom teaching? If a student develops good study habits, he will be interested in learning, persistent in learning and good at overcoming difficulties in learning, thus improving his academic performance. Art plays a very important role in cultivating students' sentiment, improving their artistic accomplishment, cultivating their innovative spirit and practical ability, and promoting their all-round and harmonious development. Art teachers should not only impart art knowledge to students, but also pay attention to cultivating students' good study habits and lay a good foundation for their growth.
Question 8: How to improve artistic accomplishment? There is indeed a difference between technology and literacy.
Just to improve my quality, I really need to read more and appreciate more. Reading some art history is very beneficial.
Question 9: How to understand the core literacy of fine arts In Kong's view, the "historical problem" of the shortage of fine arts teachers has become a thing of the past. At present, art education is also a "supply-side reform", which needs to be closely integrated with the "moral cultivation" advocated by the state in the system construction of curriculum content, curriculum platform, teaching process and teaching evaluation, and needs to enhance students' core literacy.
Question 10: Does the core literacy of fine arts discipline apply to the whole compulsory education stage, so that you can understand and practice geometry (graphic) mathematics and use it better!