Modern education is based on both industrial society and information society, and modern society is the social foundation of modern education.
(1) Education and productivity:
① Education is restricted by the development level of social productive forces.
First, the development level of productive forces restricts the setting of educational goals.
The development level of social productive forces restricts the development speed and scale of education and the structure of schools.
ⅲ. The development level of social productive forces restricts the evolution of curriculum and educational content.
Ⅳ. The development of productive forces has promoted the reform of teaching organization, teaching means and methods.
② Education is a powerful driving force to promote the development of productive forces.
First, education transforms potential productivity into real productivity.
Two. Education realizes knowledge reproduction and knowledge innovation: as an important way to realize knowledge reproduction, education has its own important characteristics: one is to expand reproduction, and the other is to reproduce efficiently. Education plays an important role in the production of new knowledge, especially in scientific innovation and knowledge innovation. To develop production, education must go first.
(2) Education and economic foundation:
The economic base restricts the social nature of education and the distribution of educational opportunities.
The economic base restricts the social nature of education and the distribution of educational opportunities.
Two. The economic foundation partially restricts the educational content.
(2) Education has the function of copying-strengthening or weakening-dissolving on the economic basis.
1. In general, education plays the role of copying, strengthening and continuing social relations, and the people it cultivates usually consolidate the corresponding economic foundation by serving the society.
Two. Educational institutions determined by the economic base are also political, ideological and social cultural communication and propaganda institutions that reflect certain social relations.
Three. In the period of social change, education can accelerate social change by spreading advanced ideas and progressive theories. Schools are often the birthplace and spreading place of new ideas and theories.
(3) Education and political system:
① Education is restricted and decided by the social and political system.
First, the educational purpose and content restricted and decided by the political system
Two. The political system determines the leadership of education and the right to education: the leadership of the ruling class in education is generally realized by the following means: first, the leadership of education is controlled by the state machine in its hands; Secondly, use economic power to master the leadership of education; Finally, education is influenced by controlling ideology and culture, including the public opinion orientation of mass media, the distribution of various reading materials, the holding of various activities and so on.
② Education has an important influence on the development of social and political system.
1. Education plays an active role in maintaining and consolidating a certain political system by cultivating people with certain political attitudes and ideologies.
Two. Students' mental outlook and political quality affect social customs, moral fashion and ideological tendency: colleges and universities have become an important force in scientific and democratic political decision-making.
(4) Education and culture
The symbiotic relationship between culture and education.
1. Man is a kind of cultural animal, which is defined by some scholars from the perspective of culturology.
Two. "Man is the product of culture" undoubtedly implies the idea that "culture itself is an educational force".
Three. The restrictive effect of culture on education is very obvious. Cultural differences are a very important reason why one country's education is different from other countries. As far as educational content is concerned, the restriction and leading role of culture on education is particularly obvious. Without culture, education will have nothing to teach, and it will lose its foundation of existence.
Ⅳ. Education is an indispensable, consistent and active cultural element; As far as its relationship with social culture is concerned, education is a dynamic element in the social and cultural system, and there is a symbiotic relationship between them.
5. A comprehensive understanding of the relationship between education and culture and the cultural characteristics of education will help to correctly and comprehensively understand the commonness and individuality of education in different times and countries, and overcome the simplification of understanding education as a complex social and cultural activity, so as to objectively compare and identify education in different cultural backgrounds, learn lessons from it, and enrich and develop our educational theory and practice.
② The cultural function of education: the function of inheriting, preserving, spreading, enriching, selecting, promoting, creating and renewing culture.
5. Science and technology foundation of education
① Social and economic value of science and technology
Science is a potential social productive force, while technology is a direct social productive force.
Science and technology is an important factor in modern production;
The improvement of labor productivity depends on the progress of scientific foundation.
② The scientific and technological value of modern education.
Education has the value of spreading, accumulating and developing science and technology.
Modern education has the value of transforming science and technology into production technology;
Modern education is an effective form of scientific and technological development.
③ Modern education is facing the challenge of new scientific and technological revolution.
Reform the educational structure to adapt it to the industrial structure;
Reform and develop the content of modern education, so that the content of modern school education can be closely combined with the reality of economic construction to meet the requirements of economic and technological development;
Reform the organizational forms and means of education, so that education can adopt new organizational forms and technical means as soon as possible.
(6) Educational modernization
Educational modernization is an indispensable part of the whole social modernization process, and it is a directional and dynamic educational reform process.
① General features and internal features of educational modernization:
Overall characteristics: a emphasizes the combination of education and productive labor, and attaches importance to the organic combination of science education and humanities education; B education began to gradually build into a pluralistic and open system; C is revolutionary, creative, flexible and personalized in teaching.
Its inherent characteristics are the democratization of education and the subjectivity of education. "Democratization of education" is one of the central topics in current educational policy discussion, the inherent goal of almost all educational reforms, and the basic trend of the evolution of the global education system. The premise of education democratization is social democratization, especially economic and political democratization. "Educational subjectivity" has two meanings: one is to respect students' subjectivity and let them develop actively and freely; Second, respect the autonomy and relative independence of education, break the pattern of education, and create a new generation with individuality with diversified education. Educational subjectivity is a continuation of the anti-feudal theme of China's May 4th New Culture Movement, and it re-emphasizes "science", "democracy" and "personality liberation" under the new historical conditions.
② Challenges and countermeasures faced by modern education.
First, school education faces challenges: reforming school education and rebuilding the school education system with the new spirit of the times is the real way out for education.
Two. Education for all and "learning to care": Education for all refers to education provided to all people in society. The goal of implementing education for all is to meet the basic educational requirements of the whole people, provide people with knowledge, technology, values and life, enable them to live with self-esteem, improve their lives through continuous learning, and make contributions to the development of the country and mankind. Education for all is the natural requirement of modern society and education democratization, because only through the joint efforts of all the people can the common problems faced by mankind be solved. In order to meet the requirements of the times of "learning to care" in national education, the following aspects of education are very necessary: the education of human consciousness (international understanding); Eco-environmental education; Population education; Faith education; World peace education.