First, the moral quality of teachers
Teachers' moral quality refers to "teachers' cultivation in moral quality, which is the synthesis of teachers' stable characteristics in moral understanding, moral emotion, moral will and moral behavior". It includes teachers' professional accomplishment, moral accomplishment, interpersonal relationship, team spirit and cooperation consciousness. In the process of education, teachers not only impart advanced scientific and cultural knowledge to students, but also their own moral quality and personality cultivation will exert a subtle influence on students. Yang Xiong in the Eastern Han Dynasty wrote "A watchful eye? Xue Xing said: "Teachers are also role models for human beings. "The ancients also said:" A teacher should also teach him to use things to describe virtue. "
Teachers must love their profession.
As a teacher, you must have a strong passion and enthusiasm for your work. Only when teachers have sincere enthusiasm for their profession can they put all their wisdom into education, pass it on to the next generation without reservation, stay in the garden of education for decades, and have a strong sense of mission and responsibility for their profession and students, because "loving education is the source of educational strength and the foundation of educational success".
Teachers must love and respect students.
Teachers' love for education will eventually come down to their love for students. Because "loving students is the emotional foundation of education and the driving force to promote the healthy growth of students." Without love, there is no education. "Only when teachers truly love students can they gain their trust, truly understand students, discover their potential and give full play to this potential. If you love students, you should respect them and respect their personality and self-esteem. Only when teachers truly respect students can they get their respect, and this mutual respect and trust provides an important prerequisite for establishing a good teacher-student relationship and a relaxed learning environment and atmosphere.
(C) Teachers should have a sense of social responsibility
Nowadays, teachers should not only care about their own students and teaching, but also care about the problems faced by others, the country, society and even all mankind. With the acceleration of globalization today, "none of our business" can no longer be "hung high". Because seemingly "irrelevant" things are actually inextricably linked with themselves. Therefore, our education should not be "behind closed doors" education, but should let students get in touch with society and understand society, so as to cultivate students' sense of social responsibility.
"Education is not only to give children knowledge, but more importantly, to cultivate students' positive attitude towards life and treat life with a positive attitude towards life. Education itself is life. "When we complain about the rising crime rate, the unstable social environment and the deterioration of social morality, we seldom think that these bad social phenomena can be said to be caused by the failure of education to some extent, so teachers should not evade their social responsibilities.
Second, the professional quality of teachers.
Teachers' professional quality refers to the comprehensive level of cultural foundation, professional knowledge and educational ability achieved by teachers through training and exercise under the influence of a certain social environment. In fact, it mainly refers to two aspects: knowledge quality and ability quality.
(A) the quality of knowledge
Knowledge quality is the basic quality of teachers. Now some scholars divide the knowledge that teachers should possess into two categories: theoretical knowledge and practical knowledge.
1. Theoretical knowledge
This kind of knowledge can usually be obtained through reading and attending lectures, including subject content, subject teaching methods, courses, pedagogy, psychology and general culture.
Mr. Gu Mingyuan, a famous educator in China, pointed out: "The key to overcoming exam-oriented education is to improve the quality of classroom teaching ... To improve the quality of classroom teaching, teachers need to have profound professional knowledge and be condescending." . Professional theoretical knowledge is the core part of teachers' knowledge structure and the core content of teachers' teaching. However, a good teacher must not stare at the outline and teach in the form of "an outline, a textbook, a teaching reference and lifelong teaching", but should have diversified knowledge, which is not isolated from each other, but interrelated and infiltrated with each other. Only with extensive knowledge can we be condescending in teaching, able to be comfortable in our own classroom teaching, able to integrate the knowledge of various subjects, and able to enrich the teaching content without being too thin.
2. Practical knowledge
Practical knowledge includes the knowledge (explicit and implicit) that teachers actually use and show in teaching practice. This kind of knowledge is the understanding of education and teaching that teachers really believe and actually use and show in teaching practice. It is a theory that teachers actually use in their daily work, which dominates teachers' thoughts and behaviors and is reflected in teachers' educational and teaching actions.
It mainly includes: teachers' educational beliefs; Teachers' self-awareness, including self-concept, self-evaluation, self-teaching efficacy, self-regulation, etc. Teachers' interpersonal knowledge includes students' perception and understanding, enthusiasm and passion. Teachers' situational knowledge; Teachers' strategic knowledge; Teachers' reflective knowledge and so on.
(2) Ability and quality The ability and quality of teachers is a comprehensive embodiment of teachers' quality. The ancients said, "It is better to teach people to fish than to teach them to fish". In view of the knowledge that a qualified teacher must possess, he should also have the ability of teaching, learning, innovation and communication.
1. Teaching ability
Teaching is the main form for teachers to impart knowledge to students. A good teacher must be able to arrange teaching contents reasonably according to teaching objectives and use teaching methods appropriately, so that students can easily understand and accept knowledge. Especially in the process of changing from exam-oriented education to quality education, teachers and students are the subjects of each other. Without rich teaching content, flexible teaching methods, good teaching organization ability and sensitive teaching wit, teachers cannot successfully carry out teaching activities.
2. Learning ability
Today's society is in the era of knowledge explosion, and the updating speed of knowledge is accelerated. Students' access to knowledge is not limited to classrooms and books. A large number of publications and the wide application of the Internet have greatly broadened students' horizons. Many students even surpass their teachers in breadth and depth of knowledge. In this case, if the teacher only pays attention to the teaching materials and syllabus, then he can't keep up with the pace of the knowledge age and even lag behind the students. In the past, we used to say, "Give the students a glass of water, and the teacher should have a bucket of water." There are two meanings here. First, the relationship between "cup" and "bucket" is linear, while the amount of knowledge increases exponentially; Second, the water in the bucket is "stagnant water" after all, and its "actual available content" will be greatly reduced if it is not updated. Therefore, teachers themselves should also "learn for life" and have the ability to keep learning, acquire knowledge and enrich themselves, that is, to master teaching methods suitable for their own characteristics and be good at using modern network technology to constantly update their knowledge and adjust their knowledge structure. Learning ability also includes teachers' ability of self-reflection, self-selection, self-adjustment and self-improvement in the teaching process.
3. Innovation ability
"Innovation is the soul of a nation and the core of teachers' quality and ability structure. "An excellent educator should be a person who constantly explores and innovates. In fact, the distance between educators and teachers is not far away. The key is whether they have innovative consciousness and indomitable pursuit spirit. In today's society with accelerated knowledge updating, if teachers do not have innovative consciousness and tenacious spirit of pursuing innovation, then the students they cultivate must be a group of "bookworms" who only know how to accept knowledge and have no vitality and vitality. How can these students who are not energetic and innovative shoulder the heavy responsibility of building the country? A nation without vitality and innovation has a worrying future.
4. Communication skills
The communicative competence mentioned here mainly refers to the ability of teachers to communicate with students. Because most educational activities are carried out between teachers and students. "Teachers and students are always in a common educational situation, and the two sides always communicate, educate and receive education in common exchanges. So teachers and students are always in a certain communication relationship. Without communication, educational relations cannot be established and educational activities cannot be produced. All education, whether it is knowledge education or character education, is practiced in communication. " Therefore, in the teaching process, teachers should not only have the ability to impart knowledge, but also have the ability to communicate and understand with students.
However, in traditional education, teachers only regard students as recipients of knowledge, while students regard teachers as knowledge givers and have the authority of knowledge, "thus controlling and manipulating students' learning activities, and students only acquire knowledge through teachers." Although there are some interpersonal relationships, people's conscious understanding and communication as a spiritual whole does not exist, and the relationship between teachers and students has therefore lost its' educational significance' and only exists as a necessary condition for teaching. " "The basis of this communication between teachers and students is the transfer of knowledge. It is knowledge that connects teachers and students, and the personality encounter between teachers and students as a complete spiritual whole is pushed aside. In this one-sided communication between teachers and students without personality spirit, this relationship between teachers and students is abnormal. "
Education not only imparts knowledge to students, but also guides their spiritual development. The relationship between teachers and students is actually a kind of "life relationship". Although the communication between teachers and students is a kind of interpersonal communication between students, the experience of this kind of communication is one of the important factors that affect students' lives. "The relationship between teachers and students is formed by the mutual communication between students' complete personality and teachers' complete personality, which is of great educational significance to students' life and growth. "
Through the positive relationship between teachers and students, students gain a positive attitude towards life and experience, and move towards his peer relationship, thus forming a positive communication relationship with others, which will affect his life. Education in the relationship between teachers and students is a complete education. Only when teachers have the ability to communicate with each other can this complete education be truly realized.
Third, teachers' physical and mental health.
The physical and mental health of teachers mainly refers to the mental health of teachers. "Healthy physical quality and sound psychological quality are the basis for the establishment and development of other qualities of high-quality teachers."
Teachers' healthy personality is a powerful means of education, which will have a direct impact on students' ideals, beliefs, interests, abilities and personality. Teachers' noble personality charm and personality charm will make students feel love and trust, thus establishing a good relationship between teachers and students and improving the effect of education.
With the rapid development of social science and technology and the intensification of competition, people easily fall into tension, anxiety, depression and frustration. Students, in particular, often live a monotonous "three-point-one-line" campus life, shoulder heavy academic burdens and various pressures, and face competition for further studies and employment. Therefore, teachers' own good physical and mental qualities, as well as some basic psychological counseling and treatment skills, can not only self-regulate and maintain a good mentality and mental outlook, but also help students to alleviate and eliminate tension, anxiety, depression and depression caused by various pressures and competitions, overcome various setbacks encountered in life, exercise their psychological endurance and improve their psychological quality. And good psychological quality is an important prerequisite for career success.
The quality of teachers is directly related to the success or failure of education, the hope of the nation and the future of the country. Quality education should pay attention not only to the improvement of students' quality, but also to the development of teachers' quality. This requires teachers' own attention and investment, as well as that of the state and society, because only high-quality teachers can have high-quality education.