Lesson plan of lightning protection theme class meeting 1 1. Precautions against electric shock:
1, buy qualified electrical appliances.
Don't touch the power switch with wet hands.
3, indoor lights or other electrical appliances damaged to find someone to repair or replace in time.
4. Do not touch the wires and damaged parts connected to the power supply.
5. Don't connect wires in the dormitory, use high-power electrical appliances. It is forbidden to put live sockets on the bed.
6. It is forbidden to repair electrical appliances on the wet floor. When there is a "thunderbolt" spark sound, turn off the power immediately to prevent electric shock.
Second, the principle of electric shock first aid:
1. When someone gets an electric shock, immediately cut off the power supply, pull down the switch, or use a non-conductive bamboo or wooden stick to separate the conductor from the person who gets an electric shock. Never touch the person who gets an electric shock without cutting off or leaving the power supply.
2. For those who have stopped breathing and heartbeat, mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration and chest compressions should be carried out immediately until the breathing and heartbeat recover.
3. Call the medical staff or call "120" for help as soon as possible while on-site rescue.
Lightning protection education
1, thunderstorm is coming, try to avoid indoors and close the doors and windows; Turn off the power of TV sets, electric fans and other electrical appliances, don't make phone calls, and don't go near metal pipes such as radiators, doors and windows that are vulnerable to lightning.
2. Don't take a shower with a shower head when there is lightning, because huge lightning will attack the shower along the current.
Cars are also an ideal place to avoid lightning. Even if lightning strikes a car, it rarely hurts people.
Don't fly a kite in thunderstorm, or you will be struck by lightning.
6, don't open an umbrella in the wild, and don't hold high badminton rackets, golf clubs, hoes, etc.
7. Don't stay near the water, let alone wash clothes, fish, swim and play by the river.
8. Don't run fast on the road in thunderstorm weather.
9. Avoid all conductive objects, such as metals, wet animals and plants, and don't wear wet clothes. When covering your head with plastic sheets to avoid rain, you should avoid soaking in water.
10, don't avoid thunderstorms under boulders, cliffs and caves. When the current passes through these places, it will produce an arc and hurt people. If the cave is deep, you can try to hide in it.
1 1. Don't hide in an isolated hut in the wilderness.
12. Leave the highlands, and don't stay under isolated trees, chimneys of tall buildings or high hills.
13. If you are in the wild, there is nowhere to hide. When it thunders, you should immediately squat down, put your feet together, cross your arms, and bend your head downward to minimize your body volume and grounding area. If you have metal objects in your hand, such as umbrellas, iron utensils, shovels with metal poles, etc., you should quickly put them away.
14. If there are ants crawling on your head, neck and hands and your hair stands on end when thunder and lightning strike, it means that lightning is coming. You should get down on the ground quickly to reduce the risk of being struck by lightning, and remove the metal ornaments, hairpins and necklaces you are wearing.
15, hearing thunder in a short time after seeing lightning outdoors means that it is close to the place where lightning happened. At this time, I should stop walking, put my feet together and squat down immediately, and don't pull with others.
16. If you see a high-voltage line being struck by lightning outdoors, you should be vigilant, because stepping on a broken high-voltage line is likely to get electrocuted. Don't run at this time, but put your feet together and jump to a safe place
Teaching plan of lightning protection theme class meeting II. Generation of lightning
When dust, ice crystals and other substances in the air roll in the cloud, they are positively charged and negatively charged through some complicated processes. Protrusions and metals on the ground will induce positive charges. With the gradual enhancement of the electric field, Lei Yun will form downward guidance, and objects on the ground will form upward backflow. When they meet, they will form a discharge to the ground. This is easy to cause lightning disasters.
Second, the main characteristics of lightning
Large impulse current, short time, large lightning current gradient and high impulse voltage: the alternating magnetic field generated by powerful current can induce hundreds of millions of volts.
Third, the damage caused by lightning.
When lightning strikes a building directly, the strong lightning current causes the water in the building (structure) to be heated, vaporized and expanded, resulting in huge mechanical force, which leads to the building burning or explosion. In addition, when lightning strikes the lightning receptor and the current discharges to the earth along the down conductor, the potential to the earth rises at this time, and it may jump to nearby objects, which is called lightning "counterattack", thus causing fire or personal injury. Induction on wires can cause strong damage to equipment. When the lightning is close to the overhead pipeline, the high-voltage shock wave will invade the room along the overhead pipeline, leading to the introduction of large current, which may cause equipment damage or personal injury. If there are flammable materials nearby, it is easy to cause a fire.
Fourth, indoor lightning protection
1. Turn off the TV and computer immediately, and be careful not to use the outdoor antenna of the TV, because once the lightning strikes the antenna of the TV, it will spread into the room along the cable, threatening electrical appliances and life safety.
2. Turn off all kinds of household appliances as far as possible and unplug all power plugs to prevent lightning from invading from the power cord, causing fire or electric shock casualties.
3. Don't touch or get close to metal water pipes and water pipes connected to the roof, and don't stand under electric lights. Try not to use the telephone or mobile phone, because lightning waves will invade along the communication signal line, causing danger.
4. Close the doors and windows. When it thunders, don't open the window, and don't stick your head or hand out of the window. In Guangdong Province, there are frequent pellet activities. For buildings with reinforced concrete frame structure, generally closing doors and windows can prevent the intrusion of side lightning and ball lightning.
5. Don't take part in outdoor sports activities, such as running, playing ball and swimming.
6. It is not advisable to take a shower with a shower. This is mainly because in case the building is directly struck by lightning, huge lightning current will flow into the ground along the external wall and water supply pipeline of the building, which may cause the shower to be struck by lightning along the water flow. At the same time, don't touch metal pipes such as water pipes and gas pipes.
Five, outdoor lightning protection
1, it is best to enter nearby buildings with good lightning protection, which is the safest. Never enter the shed or straw shed in the crop field, because lightning protection there is easy to be struck by lightning.
2. Stay away from tall chimneys, iron towers, telephone poles and other objects, otherwise it is very dangerous.
3. When it thunders and rains, be careful not to play an umbrella with a metal skeleton or lift long objects; Don't ride a motorcycle or bike. You can hide in a car with a metal body Once the car is struck by lightning, the metal will conduct current into the ground.
Don't panic, don't run, it's best to put your feet together, put your hands on your knees and kneel on the spot. The lower the better.
It is not advisable to hide under the big tree. When powerful lightning passes through trees, flows into the ground and spreads around, it will generate different voltages in different places and step voltage between two feet.
6. It is not advisable to collect clothes hanging on wires outdoors.
Students, after today's study, the teacher also hopes that through this lightning protection class meeting, students will know the importance of lightning protection, apply what they have learned in their daily work, study and life, and be a student who knows how to protect themselves.