Shi Jingtang, born in the first year of Tang Jingfu (892), was a native of Shatuo, Taiyuan. He was the founder of the Jin Dynasty after the Five Dynasties, that is, the emperor of the Jin Dynasty. He was in office from 936 to 942. Shi Jingtang was simple and steady when he was young. He smiled taciturn, liked the art of war and attached importance to the actions of Li Mu and Zhou Yafu. He is under the account of Li Keyong's adopted son Li Siyuan. At that time, Zhu Wen, Li Keyong and Li, the father and son of Houliang, competed for hegemony, and Shi Jingtang took the lead and made outstanding achievements.

Shi Jingtang (March 20, 892-July 28, 942, April 20-September, 892 1 1), in the first year of Zhenming (9 15), Weizhou, Li, and Liang Jiang, attacked Qingping (now Qingxian, Shandong) Shi Jingtang led more than ten riders to defeat and rescued Li from danger. Lee patted him on the back to make him strong, which made him famous in the army. He also rescued Li Siyuan from the crisis several times, thus gaining esteem and gradually becoming Li Siyuan's confidant. Li Siyuan married his daughter, yongning princess, and put him in charge of Qin Bing, the "left shooter".

Be famous for its clean government.

In the fourth year of Tongguang in the later Tang Dynasty (AD 926), Zhao Li, our ambassador, mutinied in Weizhou. Li ordered and led Li Siyuan and led the army to counter-insurgency respectively.

Don also went out together. At the gates of Weizhou, Li Siyuan's troops also defected, joining hands with Weizhou rebels, with Li Siyuan as the main force. Li Siyuan wanted to go back to North Korea to confess his sins, while Shi Jingtang advised him to seize Kaifeng to achieve great things. Li Siyuan has no choice but to accept this opinion. So, Shi Jingtang volunteered, with Xiao Qisanbai as the pioneer, seized Kaifeng House, returned to Surabaya and took Luoyang directly. Li Xucun was killed by mutinous soldiers in the later Tang Dynasty, and Li Siyuan became emperor in Luoyang, that is, Mingzong in the later Tang Dynasty. Because of Shi Jingtang's great contribution in this military coup, Emperor Mingzong of the later Tang Dynasty appointed him as our Baojian Army Minister and awarded him the title of "Do your best, die before you die, and retire after you succeed" as the deputy envoy of the Sixth Army. At that time, many officials and generals were not law-abiding. Shi Jingtang was famous for his incorruptibility and was praised by Li Siyuan in the Ming Dynasty. Since then, Shi Jingtang has been promoted year by year. He has served as the commander-in-chief of the guards, the commander-in-chief of Hedong, the commander-in-chief of Datong, Zhang, Zhenwu and Weisai. This person was responsible for resisting the southward movement of the Khitan, and was later awarded the title of "Hero of Yaozhong Mine Dingbao Festival". With the growth of his status and power, Shi Jingtang began to pay tribute to his soldiers, and he was likely to set up his own family after the Tang Dynasty. In the fourth year of Changxing in the late Tang Dynasty (933), Ming Taizu Li Siyuan died, and Li Conghou succeeded to the throne, becoming the late Tang Ming Taizu Min. At that time, Fengxiang our Li Congke (Li Siyuan

Source's adopted son) and Hedong our Shi Jingtang mercenaries self-respect, later Tang Min emperor don't trust them. In order to weaken them, they were ordered to change their position. Li Congke, king of Lu, rebelled in Fengxiang. Emperor Min was defeated and had to ride away. Lu Yu, Shi Jingtang and Shi Jingtang killed his followers and imprisoned them in Weizhou.

Soon, Li Congke killed Emperor Min in the later Tang Dynasty, changed his name to Qingtai, and established himself as the emperor, that is, the last emperor in the later Tang Dynasty. At the end of the late Tang Dynasty, the emperor was suspicious of Shi Jingtang and Shi Jingtang, and the contradiction became increasingly acute. In order to test the late Tang Emperor, Shi Jingtang, who had been planning for a long time, was transferred to his town in April of the third year of Qing Dynasty in the late Tang Dynasty (936) because of his weak health. This is exactly what the emperor wanted at the end of the Tang Dynasty, so he agreed to Shi Jingtang's request and moved him to our time. When ministers learned that they cared about each other, they all felt that chaos was coming.

Regard the enemy as father-regard the enemy as relatives.

Shi Jingtang thinks that if I don't make trouble and the imperial court sends me, I can give up on the road? So I decided to fight. General Lu Zhiyuan's palm secretary SanWeiHan also has this idea. Therefore, Shi Jingtang accused the late Tang emperor of being an adopted son and should not sacrifice, and asked to give way to Li (his fourth son). At the end of the late Tang Dynasty, the emperor tore up his watch and cut his rank, and in Taiyuan, together with Zhang Jingda and our envoy, he conquered Liu Zhiyuan in all directions.

Ask the envoy to build a long siege and attack Taiyuan with 30 thousand troops. On the one hand, Shi Jingtang was engaged in rebellion activities in the imperial court. On the other hand, Sang Hanwei, the minister in charge of state affairs, drafted a letter to the Khitan, asking for help: Please be a vassal, serve the Khitan with your father, and after making an appointment, cut the northern states of Lulong and Yanmenguan and make enemies with the Khitan. Liu Zhiyuan, even his cronies, objected to this kind of behavior, saying: Being a servant is enough, but being a father is too much. There is no need to allow him to be a soldier, for fear that China will suffer big losses in the future and regret it. However, Shi Jingtang refused and still went his own way. Yeludeguang, the master of Qidan, was overjoyed and led troops to support him, defeating Zhang Jingda in the later Tang Dynasty. In November of the same year (936), Shi Jingtang was named Daikin Emperor by the master of the Khitan, and was given the title of Gold by the master of the Khitan. Shi Jingtang was then located in Liulin (now southeast of Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province).

proclaim oneself emperor

After Shi Jingtang proclaimed himself emperor, he kept his "credit", cut sixteen states to the Khitan, and promised to give the Khitan 300,000 pieces of cloth and silk every year. Sixteen States are the natural barriers in the north, and so far the Central Plains has been completely exposed under the iron hoof of Qidan. After that, Sixteen States became the base for the Liao Dynasty to plunder the Central Plains from the south, which caused serious social and economic damage to the north and lasted for 400 years. When Shi Jingtang proclaimed himself emperor, Lu Long appointed Zhao Dejun, king of Beiping, to bribe the Khitan with gold and silks. He also wanted to rely on the Khitan to seize the Central Plains and still allowed Shi Jingtang Town Hedong. The main reason of Qidan was that it was difficult at that time and I wanted Zhao Dejun's invitation. Shi Jingtang was frightened when he heard the news, so that the clerk Sang Weihan met the Khitan master. Sang Han Wei knelt in front of the Khitan master account, and couldn't stand it from beginning to end, begging the Khitan to give up Zhao Dejun's invitation. The Khitan followed suit, saying that Sang Han Wei was loyal to Shi Jingtang and should be the prime minister. Shi Jingtang then appointed Sang as assistant minister of Zhongshu to make peace with him. In the same month, Shi Jingtang invaded Luoyang and died in the later Tang Dynasty. In the second year of Tianfu in the late Jin Dynasty (937), the late Jin moved its capital to Bianliang, and in the following year (938), Bianliang was promoted to Kaifeng Prefecture in Tokyo. After the Jin Dynasty, the world changed, the buffer region was disobedient, the soldiers were in turmoil, the treasure was empty, and the people were poor, but the Khitan was still insatiable. In order to solve the financial crisis and consolidate the political power, Shi Jingtang adopted Sang's suggestion, put aside old grievances and appeased the buffer region. Training soldiers to repair soldiers in order to repair military equipment; Planting mulberry, using solid warehouse; Connect with merchants, goods and wealth; Be courteous and serve the Khitan. Shi Jingtang was very cautious about the submission of the Khitan. Every letter used tables to express the difference between the monarch and the minister, calling Taizong the "father emperor" and calling himself "minister" and "son emperor". Whenever the Khitan envoys arrived, they were treated with courtesy. In addition to the loss of 300,000 silks and fabrics, they also send strange things from time to time when they are happy or lucky, so that they give gifts to strange motorcades one after another. Although Shi Jingtang sincerely caressed the buffer region, the buffer region still refused to accept it, especially when he was a minister in Qidan. Datong, the contemporary judge, Wu Luan, sealed the city, which was not ordered by the Khitan. Guo Chongwei, the governor of Yingzhou, stepped forward and returned to the south. In the second year of Putianfu (937), Tian Xiong ordered Fan Tingguang to oppose Weizhou, and Shi Jingtang ordered Du Dong to make a crusade against Zhang Congbin, but Zhang Congbin turned against him. Then there was a mutiny in Weizhou. That year, the Khitan was renamed Liao. Yang Guangyuan, the general of the bodyguard, relied on himself, intervened in state affairs, and repeatedly resisted. Shi Jingtang often condescends to it. In the fourth year of Tianfu at the end of Jin Dynasty (940), Yang Guangyuan killed Fan Tingguang, and Shi Jingtang was afraid of Yang Guangyuan and did not dare to ask. In the sixth year of Tianfu at the end of Jin Dynasty (942), An Chongrong, the Chinese ambassador to Chengde, denounced Shi Jingtang's father, Qidan, for besieging the Central Plains, and said that he would fight to the death with Qidan. Shi Jingtang sent his troops to behead An Chongrong and dedicate his head to the Khitan.

political corruption

Shi Jingtang is an observant man, full of political skills, ambitious, rich in exotic things, extremely luxurious, and the palace is decorated with jade pearls. He was obedient to Qidan, but he was like a tiger and a wolf to the people, and his punishment was cruel and cruel. Shi Jingtang was particularly suspicious in his later years. He didn't like learning, so he became a full-time eunuch. So eunuchs thrive. Due to the corruption of official management, the official program is disordered and people's grievances are everywhere. Nomadic in the Tuyuhun Department north of Yanmen, Chief Bai Chengfu fled to Hedong and returned to Liu Zhiyuan because he didn't want to surrender to Qidan. In the seventh year of Tianfu at the end of Jin Dynasty (AD 942), the Khitan sent an envoy to ask Tugu Hunding. Shi Jingtang did not dare to offend Liu Zhiyuan, who was armed to the teeth, let alone "father". As a result, he became depressed and died in humiliation in June at the age of 5 1. He wrote a holy article, Ming-de Wu filial piety to the emperor, temple name high-impedance, buried in the apparition (Henan

evaluate

Throughout Shi Jingtang's life, he was first known for his bravery and fighting skill, and then for his incorruptibility. When wars were frequent, he won the championship with the help of Qidan and established the post-Jin Dynasty. Due to the cession of sixteen states and the compensation of 300,000 yuan to the Khitan, the people in the north were put under the iron heel of the Khitan in exchange for the support of the Khitan.