Herbart is a famous German educator, psychologist and philosopher. His greatest contribution is in the field of pedagogy. The following is what I collected for you, I hope it will help you!

What is Herbart's contribution?

Herbart's first contribution: Herbart established the first rigorous and systematic empirical pedagogy system in the history of modern education, which became an important symbol of the birth of science pedagogy. He made great efforts to liberate education from metaphysics and become an independent science, and inspired revolutionary changes in this field. We have developed education from a primary ideological and practical system into an academic discipline, and established an educational institution to train teachers, which is the first institution in the world to train teachers.

Herbart's contribution 2: Herbart started and completed his educational psychology. Herbart's contribution played a watershed role in the development of educational psychology. He pointed out the direction for the development of educational science and became the source of educational prosperity for more than 100 years. He was the first person to separate psychology from philosophy and physiology, and clearly declared that psychology is a science. He was also the first educator who clearly emphasized that pedagogy must be based on psychology. He also tried to reveal the laws of education and teaching with the knowledge of psychology. Although his theory of psychological process is only one aspect of intellectual achievement, it has become the basis of the whole systematic educational methodology.

Herbart's contribution is enormous. His philosophical knowledge and psychological knowledge became the basis of his educational theory. It is on this basis that Herbart developed his unique revolutionary ideology for the education system and laid his important position in pedagogy, making no educator in modern history comparable to it.

Brief introduction of Herbart's life

Herbart's name is John Friedrich? Herbart, a famous German educator, psychologist, philosopher and founder of science education, is known as? Founder of science pedagogy? 、? Father of educational science? In the modern history of the world, no educator can compare with Herbart. Herbart's representative work "General Pedagogy" is recognized as the first pedagogic work with a scientific system.

1776 On May 4th, Herbart was born into a family of judicial officials in oldenburg. When I was a child, I benefited from the common education of my mother and mentor. Later, I entered the Latin school to study.

1794, Herbart entered the University of Jena, where he studied the philosophical works of Kant and Fichte. The ancient Greek philosopher parmenides's theory that all existence is unified and unchangeable has a great influence on Herbart.

1797 At the beginning of this year, he went to Switzerland to be an aristocratic tutor before he finished his college course. Herbart's interest in education was aroused by this job.

1799, Herbart met Pestalozzi, who left a deep impression on him, but Herbart did not accept the democratic tendency in Pestalozzi's eyes.

After 1799, Herbart stayed at a friend's house and studied philosophy.

1802, Herbart received his Ph.D. from the University of G? ttingen and stayed as a teacher.

1809, Herbart was invited by the University of Konigsberg to teach philosophy and pedagogy after Kant, and founded the Institute of Education to train teachers, applying his educational principles in the process.

1833 returned to teach at the University of G? ttingen.

184 1 year, Herbart died.

Similarities and differences between Herbart and Dewey

First of all, the differences between Herbart and Dewey in pedagogy.

First, educational purposes are different. Herbart thinks that education is to prepare children for their future life, while Dewey puts forward the theory of education without purpose. He thinks? Education is growth; No other purpose than itself? .

Second, the status of teachers and students is different. Herbart proposed that teachers should be the center and students should be in a passive position in the process of education, while Dewey believed that education should be child-centered and respect children's nature.

Third, the curriculum is different. Herbart emphasizes learning systematic knowledge and ignores children's life experience; Dewey proposed. Put forward? Doing middle school? | and curriculum theory learned from experience.

Fourth, the teaching methods are different. Herbart emphasized teachers' teaching, while Dewey advocated learning by doing and learning from experience.

Fifth, the teaching emphasis is different. Herbart requires students to learn the knowledge taught by teachers; On the other hand, Dewey asked students to learn the way of thinking.

Sixth, the teaching process is different. In the teaching process, Dewey put forward a five-stage process based on students' cognitive development in learning by doing: difficulties, problems, assumptions, verification and conclusion; Herbart put forward four stages: clarity, association, system and method.

Moreover, Herbart and Dewey have many similarities in teaching: they both emphasize that people trained by education should serve social development; They all attach importance to students' moral education; Emphasize the teaching stage and analyze the teaching process. Herbart put forward the four-stage theory, and Dewey put forward the five-step thinking method or five-step inquiry method.

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