The official school system in Song Dynasty was relatively perfect, and the reasons for its emergence and development mainly included the following aspects:
1. Social demand: With the development of agriculture and handicrafts, the social demand for culture and technology is also increasing, so the government needs to train a large number of talents to meet the needs of social development.
2. Moral cultivation: feudal society pays attention to the cultivation of morality and talents, and transmits and educates beliefs, thoughts and spirits through the official school system. Official school is also an important place of feudal etiquette culture, which is devoted to the influence and cultivation of scholars.
3. Political assessment: official studies have become an important way to choose officials. By taking part in the examination and selection of the official learning system, officials can learn more knowledge and get promoted more smoothly.
In the Song Dynasty, official learning became an important talent training system to realize feudal state management and maintain social stability.
According to the system and nature of official positions, official studies can be divided into "martial arts" and "literature and art" Military art focuses on cultivating military talents, while literary art focuses on cultivating literary talents. At the same time, the state has also set up institutions such as giving lectures and interpreting Buddhist scriptures, as well as temples and other institutions that teach Buddhist scriptures.
By the Ming Dynasty, the official learning system presented a more complete educational content and system, paid more attention to practice and practicality, and trained many outstanding politicians, literati, scientists and thinkers.
Generally speaking, the formation and development of the official education system is the result of the comprehensive functions of politics, economy and culture in ancient China. Although this system is aristocratic and bureaucratic, official studies have played an important role and far-reaching influence on the formation and development of ancient culture and society in China.