1, I think Shi Jun and I have been in love for a long time, and the procedures are not harmonious every time, and the skills are different. -Wang Anshi's "Answering Sima Suggestions"

In private, I don't think we have been in contact with you for a long time, but when discussing state affairs, we often have different views, probably because we adopt different methods.

2, the minister steals love, can be crying, can be crying, can be a sigh of relief. If others violate the truth and hurt the Tao, it will be difficult to cite them all. -Jia Yi's public security policy

I think about the situation in private. There is one thing to cry about, two things to cry about, and six things to sigh about. As for other things that violate reason and hurt the Tao, it is difficult to list them one by one in recitation.

2. What are the classical Chinese writings that describe "a gentleman of noble character"? First, wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent.

Vernacular interpretation: wealth cannot confuse his thoughts, poverty cannot change his ethics, and power cannot subdue his will.

Dynasty: Spring and Autumn Period

Author: Mencius

Source: Mencius? Teng Wengong: Wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and powerful people can't be bent.

Second, Germany is not alone. It must have neighbors.

Vernacular interpretation: A moral person will not be isolated, and there will be people with the same ideas.

Dynasty: Zhou

Author: By many people

Source: The Analects of Confucius? Liren: if you are not alone, you must have neighbors.

Third, be quiet to cultivate one's morality, and be frugal to cultivate one's morality.

Interpretation of vernacular Chinese: make yourself perfect through meditation and reflection, and cultivate your noble character through thrift and saving money.

Dynasty: Shu Kingdom of Three Kingdoms

Author: Zhuge Liang

Source:? Book of commandments: cultivate one's morality by quietness and cultivate one's morality by frugality.

Fourth, Dan can be grinded but not taken away from its color, orchid can be burned but not destroyed, jade can be broken but not turned white, and gold can be sold but not easily strengthened.

Interpretation of vernacular: cinnabar can be ground, but it can't take away its red color; Orchids can be burned, but their fragrance cannot be destroyed; Meiyu can be scattered, but it can't change its whiteness; Gold can be melted, but it cannot be hardened.

Dynasty: Northern Qi Dynasty

Author: Liu Zhou

Source:? "Liu Zi? Great quality: Dan can be ground but not taken away from its color, orchid can be burned but not destroyed, jade can be broken but not turned white, and gold can be sold but not hardened.

5. Enjoy the world and worry about it.

Interpretation of vernacular: share happiness with the world and share troubles with the world.

Dynasty: Spring and Autumn Period

Author: Mencius

Source: Mencius? Hui Liang Wang Xia: Happy for the world, worried about the world.

3. The translation of classical Chinese "A gentleman is cautious about independence" begins with Confucius' saying that "the earlier the better". Confucius said, "After I die, business will get worse and worse." Ceng Zi said, "What is it?" Confucius said, "Merchants are virtuous, doers are virtuous, and those without virtue are virtuous. I don't know my son but look at his father. " I don't know who he is, but treat him as a friend; I don't know who it is, see what it does; If you don't know the land, just look at its vegetation. So, if you live in a good place, if you enter Lan Zhi's room for a long time, you will be integrated with it; Not getting along well with people is like entering an abalone shop, but after a long time of not smelling it, it melts away. Dan hides red, and your painting hides black. Therefore, a gentleman must be cautious. "Confucius said: After I die, Xia Zi will make progress and Zigong will regress." Ceng Zi asked: Why? "Confucius said: Xia Zi likes to be with people smarter than himself (so his moral cultivation will improve day by day); Zi Gong likes to get along with people who are less talented than himself (so moral cultivation will be lost day by day). You don't know what the child is like, just look at the father. If you don't know yourself, you can just look at his friends. If you don't know your master, you can look at his emissary. If you don't know the local situation, you can just look at the local vegetation. Therefore, you often spend time with people of noble character, just like bathing in growing cheese. Being with people with bad conduct is like going to a place selling abalone. After a long time, it will not stink, and it will also blend into the environment; The place where Dan was hidden turned red after a long time, and the place where pigment was hidden turned black after a long time, which was also caused by environmental impact! Therefore, a real gentleman must carefully choose his own environment.

4. Is there any ancient prose 1 related to gentlemen and villains? "Gentleman's righteousness, villain's benefit."

From: The Analects of Confucius Liren)

"Righteousness" means "propriety", that is to say, a gentleman is always on the right path. The villain attaches great importance to self-interest, and it is easy to go astray driven by self-interest.

2. "A gentleman likes virtue, while a villain likes earth. The gentleman is pregnant with punishment, and the villain is pregnant. "

From: The Analects of Confucius, Liren

In other words, gentlemen and villains think differently every day. A gentleman cares about his moral restoration every day, while a villain remembers his hometown;

There is always a rule and statute in a gentleman's heart that cannot be surpassed, while a villain is full of small favors.

3, "pity without struggle, group without party"

From: The Analects of Confucius Wei Linggong)

In other words, gentlemen are gregarious. Although his heart is solemn and sacred, he never argues among a large group of people. At the same time, he will never pull gangs and seek personal gain. This is what Confucius said, "gentlemen are harmonious but different", while villains are just the opposite. He is "the same but different"

4. "The week of gentlemen is incomparable, and the week of villains is not comprehensive.

From: The Analects of Confucius Governing Politics

Zhou can unite and take care of many people. He associates with people based on morality, so he has many like-minded friends. No matter how many friends a real gentleman has, he will make his friends feel happy and cared for like oxygen in the air.

The glyph "Bi" is like two people standing side by side, indicating that the villain likes to form a small circle and he will not blend into a large group.

5. The sentence is frank, a petty man is anxious and worried.. 》

Said by: The Analects of Confucius, Schur

The villain likes to collude with each other because he has a ghost in his heart and wants to seek personal gain and safeguard vested interests through this collusion. This is what the so-called "nepotism" means.

The gentleman is open-minded, because he is calm and selfless, so he can be peaceful and come together with everyone sincerely.

6. "A gentleman is easy to say, but a villain is hard to say. Don't say it; It also allows people, this device. It's easy for the villain to say something difficult. Although it doesn't matter, it is also said; It also makes people want to be prepared. "

Excerpt from The Analects of Confucius Lutz

Say "Yue" and everyone will be happy. A gentleman is easy for you to get along with, but difficult for you to please. If you try to please him by unfair means, he will be unhappy instead.

Never say that if you give him a small favor, he will give you the green light and open the back door. When he really uses you, he will arrange a suitable seat for you according to your talents. This is the so-called "device"

5. Ailian, an ancient prose that shows the wind of a gentleman, said that flowers and plants are all fragrant (fán).

Tao Jinyuan clearly loves chrysanthemums. Since Li Tang came, peonies have been loved all over the world (in some versions).

To (yú) love lotus from the mud without touching it, to (zhuó) be clear without evil, to make direct contact with the outside world without loose, to be fragrant far and clear, to be graceful and pure, and to look at it from a distance without blasphemy (xiè). Want to call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers.

Hey (y: and)! "Love between Chrysanthemums and Flowers", Tao (xiaˇn) has heard about it; Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for many people. The humble mountain is not high, but there are immortals.

The water is not deep, and the dragon is the spirit. I am a humble room, but I am virtuous.

The moss on the stage is green, and the curtain grass is green. There is no Ding Bai who laughs and has a university.

You can tune the pipa and read Jin Dian. No confusion, no job.

Zhuge Lu in Nanyang and Ting Yun Pavilion in West Shu. Kong Ziyun: "What's the matter?" What is the wind of a gentleman? Gentleman's wind) refers to an upright person, an honorable person; People who can communicate deeply in life; People who can rest assured in business; Speak appropriately and do things appropriately.

In ancient times, it was a gentleman's wind not to bend over, and then it was a gentleman's wind to die. Corporal Li Xian is the wind of a gentleman, even my fair lady is the wind of a gentleman. This definition is actually very broad. According to China's ancient saying, a gentleman is characterized by the following points: being interested in Tao, taking morality as the foundation, taking benevolence as the foundation, and wandering in art. According to the original text, "being interested in Tao" can be interpreted as metaphysical Tao, that is, being interested in sublimity and reaching the realm of hope.

This "Tao" includes heaven and humanity, both metaphysical and metaphysical. This is the most basic and highest goal that teaches us to aspire to.

Whether it can be done or not is another matter. Just as everyone had just gone out to work when he was young, he was determined to gain fame and fortune.

As far as making money is concerned, at least I hope to earn tens of millions. But despite my determination, I actually earn thousands of dollars a month.

If you only take a few thousand dollars because you are determined to want tens of millions, "Stop it!" Don't want to go back to work! This shows that whether ambition can be realized is another matter. Therefore, Confucius said that learning should aim high, which is the first meaning of "aiming at Tao"

"Put morality first", aim high, but proceed from human nature. The so-called harmony between man and nature should start with moral behavior.

In other words, "taking Tao as the aim" is philosophical thinking, and "taking morality as the basis" is an act of treating people. The ancients explained that virtue is virtue, and achievement is virtue. It can be seen that Confucius told us that thought is based on Tao and behavior is based on virtue. "Benevolence", as I have said, is useful.

Benevolence's body is internal cultivation, and the so-called life and spiritual learning are internal. External use shows the love of people and things, such as the universal love of Mozi's thought and the universal love of western culture.

"Benevolence" means benevolence, that is to say, how to play Tao and virtue depends on whether you love people or things. With this love, we can love people, things, society, our country and the world, and extend our love to the whole world.

This is the play of benevolence. "Benevolence" and then "swimming in art".

Swimming is a swimming tour, not a game tour. The art of "swimming in art" includes six arts: ritual, music, archery, imperial art, calligraphy and mathematics. Confucius' education in that year was mainly based on six arts.

In modern times, "ceremony" includes all cultures of philosophy, politics, education and society. As for modern art, dance, drama, music, art and so on all belong to music.

"Shooting", military and martial arts. It used to be said that archery with bow is equivalent to modern shooting, fighting, sports and so on.

"Royal", driving, in modern times, of course, also includes flying planes and spaceships. "Book", literature and history.

"Number" refers to science. The cultivation of all talents and the enrichment of life must be based on six arts, and art is by no means a narrow art.

There was no such subdivision in ancient China, and the six arts were all arts. In life, we should understand the four cultural ideas of self-cultivation, namely, Taoism, morality, benevolence and art.

The first half of these four key points, "taking Tao as the purpose and taking morality as the basis", contains spiritual thoughts, and takes "taking benevolence as the basis and taking art as the guideline of life and behavior, which is all his principles. At the same time, he told everyone that having these key points is called learning. Without lofty ideas, it would be tacky, and real life would only make you feel bored.

Life is rootless, without a considerable moral foundation, and ultimately cannot be mature. If there is no inner cultivation of benevolence, there is no place to stay psychologically.

Without "wandering in art" and profound knowledge, life will be boring. Therefore, these four points are very important, and future generations are biased towards these four points. In fact, Confucius thought should develop in a balanced way from here.

Confucius said: a gentleman's righteousness is quality, courtesy is behavior, sun is behavior, and faith is success. What a gentleman! Confucius said that a true intellectual should pay attention to his own life responsibility and pay attention to the four words of righteousness, courtesy, grandson and faith. Essentially just.

The meaning here is, first, Mencius' righteousness is appropriate, that is, appropriate and appropriate. The second is the traditional benevolence and righteousness-personality standard.

Third, it refers to "the study of words and chapters" and "the study of remembering and hearing". The so-called philosophy, science and justice in modern times are all about the highest truth in life-truth.

The "righteousness" of "gentleman's righteousness is quality", that is, the meaning of righteousness, takes it as its essence. The act of external expression is a ritual with high cultural accomplishment.

Sun is a very modest man, neither complacent nor proud. Trust people and things everywhere, keep your word, be confident and trust people.

With these four conditions, it is a gentleman's trip, that is, the standard of intellectuals and model personality, which is by no means comparable to "living in groups all day long, not judging right and wrong, being kind and wise". If you can't do this and be clever, it's over.

Confucius said: the benevolent is not for survival, but for death. We used to say, "Kill your body and die", which appeared in the Analects of Confucius and was said by Confucius.

I won't explain this benevolence here. From the above theory, that is to say, "benevolence" is the center of Confucian learning. Now, it is the central idea. The so-called benevolent people are benevolent, but they don't live to harm benevolence. For example, many religious scholars sometimes encounter things that are contrary to their beliefs. They would rather give up their lives and their positions.

6. The ancient poem about a gentleman is 1. "an upright man is open and poised, little people often worry-"The Analects of Confucius "an upright man is open and poised, broad-minded, little people often worry.

2. "Confucius said: There is no dispute between gentlemen. Will shoot! Let it go up, you can drink it, and it is also a gentleman. " -"The Analects of Confucius" Confucius said: "A gentleman does not dispute. If there is any dispute, it must be an archery competition! The two sides bowed to each other, humbly, and then appeared; After shooting the arrow, he came down to drink water. This dispute is a dispute between gentlemen. "

3. "Heaven is healthy, and gentlemen are constantly striving for self-improvement. -"The Book of Changes Dried Melon Fragrance" Tian's movement is vigorous and powerful, and a gentleman should be like a field, constantly striving for self-improvement, fortitude and perseverance, and never stop.

4. the terrain is Kun, and the gentleman carries things with morality. -"Yijing Kungua Xiang" The earth is thick and slippery, and a gentleman is virtuous and tolerant of everything. Heaven is vigorous, and a gentleman should consciously forge ahead and never relax.

5. "No husband is no gentleman"-an old saying. It means that people who are narrow-minded and lack measurement are not worthy of being husbands and gentlemen.