Answer: (1) Basic viewpoint: Constructivists put forward constructivist views on knowledge, learning and students. Emphasize the dynamic nature of knowledge in the view of knowledge; In the view of learning, it emphasizes the active construction, sociality and situational nature of learning; Emphasize the existing experience structure of learners from the perspective of students.

(2) Enlightenment to current educational practice: ① Starting from the knowledge view of constructivism, constructivism emphasizes that knowledge is an individual's understanding and assumption of reality, which is influenced by specific experience and culture, so everyone's understanding of knowledge is different. Teachers should pay more attention to the individual characteristics of students in the process of education and teaching, and teach students in accordance with their aptitude. ② From the perspective of teaching, constructivism holds that learning is a process in which the subject actively explores and constantly changes the learning object, thus constructing the understanding of the meaning of the object. Therefore, we should pay attention to students' meaning construction in teaching and inspire students to construct their own cognitive structure through appropriate teaching strategies. (3) From the learner's point of view, constructivism holds that students are active constructors of meaning, not passive recipients and indoctrinated objects of external stimuli. Therefore, in addition to imparting traditional knowledge, students should also give full play to their dominant position, emphasize students' autonomy and initiative, and be able to actively discover, analyze and solve problems in the learning process.