As far as China is concerned, the annual growth rate of IT industry in the past five years is 28%, which is three times the national GDP growth rate in the same period. The pulling effect on GDP growth has been further enhanced, and the contribution rate to China's national economic growth has been continuously improved. In 2003, the IT industry in China achieved sales revenue 1. 88 trillion yuan, industrial added value of 400 billion yuan, total profits and taxes of 654.38+000 billion yuan, and export value of it products of 6543.8+042 1000 billion dollars. The sales revenue of software and system integration is 654.38+06 billion yuan, and the software export is 2 billion dollars, which is the best level in history. IT industry accounts for 12 of the national industry. 3%, accounting for 9% of GDP. 1%, becoming the largest industry.
In the future, China will take advantage of the great opportunity of international industrial transfer, gather all kinds of resources, break through the constraints of core technologies, strengthen innovations in the technical fields of integrated circuits, software, computers and information processing, modern mobile communications, information security, information services and system integration, promote the upgrading of IT products, promote China's transformation from an IT power to an IT power, further promote the process of national economy informationization, and embark on a new road of industrialization with informationization.
Therefore, IT is very important to cultivate and reserve high-quality IT talents, regardless of the general direction or small aspects.
Five ministries report that the demand for IT talents is increasing every year 1 10,000.
China Computer reported to the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Information Industry, the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, the Ministry of Communications, and the Ministry of Health jointly released the talent demand in four professional fields: CNC technology application, computer applications and software technology, automobile operation and maintenance, and nursing.
Computer talents: the demand is increasing by 6.5438+0 million every year!
According to reports, at present, China's computer application level is still in the primary stage, and the functions of existing computers and information technology facilities have not been well developed and utilized, which is behind developed countries 10-20 years. However, with the continuous development of information technology in China, the current software business income is 25 times that of ten years ago, and it is estimated that the scale of the software industry will reach 250 billion yuan by 2005.
With the continuous expansion of China's software industry, the structural contradiction of software talents has become increasingly prominent. According to the talent shortage report of the Ministry of Education, there are nearly 600,000 software employees, including about 340,000 professionals (including 40,000 senior talents, 200,000 intermediate talents and 6,543,800 junior talents). The talent structure is an olive structure with two small ends and a big middle, which not only lacks high-level system analysts and project chief designers, but also lacks a large number of basic software developers.
According to international experience, the ratio of senior, middle and junior software talents is 1:4:7. According to the reasonable proportion of talent structure, by 2005, China needs 60,000 senior software talents, 280,000 intermediate software talents and 460,000 junior software talents, plus enterprises, communities, institutions, schools and other industries. According to preliminary estimates, the demand for computer application professionals in China will increase by one million every year, but the domestic academic education can only provide 50,000-60,000 people at present.
Information industry income
The data of this survey were collected through the Internet from May 1 day, 2004 to October/October 18, 2005. Respondents are mainly concentrated in Beijing (26%), Shanghai (17%), Shenzhen (6%), Guangzhou (5%) and Tianjin. Statistics show that the IT industry (including electronics? 6? 1 microelectronics, internet? 6? 1 e-commerce, communication? 6? 1 The average annual salary of the telecommunications industry and the computer industry is 48,337 yuan.
From the perspective of specific positions, the average annual salary of each position in the IT industry also has a leading edge and belongs to a high-paying industry. Taking project management positions as an example, the average annual salary of IT industry is 27.72% higher than the overall annual salary. Factory management positions are 23.48% higher.
Shanghai, Shenzhen and Beijing are IT high-paying cities. Among them, Shanghai IT industry has the highest salary level, with an average annual salary of 58,907 yuan, followed by Shenzhen 58,886 yuan and Beijing 55,608 yuan. Followed by Hangzhou, Chengdu, Nanjing, Guangzhou, Suzhou and other places.
The project management income of technology and management is the highest.
In the ranking of the annual salary of main positions in IT industry, technical and management positions have higher salaries, among which project management is the highest, followed by management and research and development.
The salary status of former 10 positions is shown in the following table, which also lists the comparison of the overall salary status of IT industry and various industries.
Education and experience determine salary. The average annual salary of MBA is nearly 90 thousand
Education and experience are two major factors that determine the salary of IT personnel. In terms of education, it basically conforms to the trend that the higher the education, the higher the average annual salary. The average salary of MBA has reached 8,8721yuan, approaching 90,000 yuan, ranking first over doctoral students. Followed by doctor, 8334 1 yuan; Starting from the third place, the master's degree is 77580 yuan; Undergraduate 5336 1 yuan; College 33727 yuan; 20697 yuan below junior college.
From the perspective of work experience, it also conforms to the principle that salary is directly proportional to experience accumulation. Working for 3 years and 5 years can also achieve a leap in salary respectively. The average annual salary of those who work 1 year is 36380 yuan; Three years is 53987 yuan; It has reached 69,300 yuan in five years; 10- 15 can reach 74074 yuan.
In addition, the salary level of domestic IT enterprises still lags behind that of foreign companies, and the salary of China employees working in foreign companies is still a sign of high salary in the industry. However, unlike when I first entered China, foreign IT companies now have a better understanding of China's salary level, and the salary giving tends to be rational. Similarly, the pace of internationalization of IT enterprises in China is also accelerating, and they are gradually aligning with international companies in terms of salary. At present, the gap between the two is gradually narrowing.
This year, the salary increased slightly, and the position of R&D rose even better.
As far as the current situation is concerned, the demand for IT talents is increasing both in the domestic environment and in the international trend. However, according to the analysis of professional experts at ChinaHR.com, the overall salary of the IT industry is not expected to increase significantly during the year, and the growth rate will be around 10%- 15%.
Due to the shortage of R&D talents, and with the development of technology, enterprises have increased R&D investment. It is expected that the salary of R&D and technicians will exceed that of project managers. The annual salary of a senior software engineer is about 1 654,38+0,000 yuan. In addition, driven by the development of IC chip industry, the salaries of system engineers and hardware engineers will also increase, and the value of senior technical talents in this field will also soar in the future; The recovery of the Internet has also brought back the wages of its employees.
The development of the industry has spawned new opportunities and new jobs with high salary advantages.
Industry changes can bring new development opportunities for people in the workplace. Due to the rapid technological upgrading and fierce market competition, the IT industry is constantly creating new development space for people in the industry.
3G, chips, Internet and games became the key words in the IT workplace in 2005, which contained a lot of workplace opportunities. In addition, the new business model will also bring new jobs, but due to the shortage of talents, these jobs have also become high-paying gathering places. At present, the salaries of game technicians, payment platform product planning, mailbox product operation, bidding BD manager, instant messaging product senior technicians, wireless business media planning and other emerging positions are very prosperous. Take game technicians as an example. At present, the talent gap in the game industry is as high as 600 thousand. The annual salary of a marketing manager of a game company has reached 260,000, while the annual salary of an excellent game designer is around 300,000.
According to the statistics of ChinaHR.com, the part-time IT market increased by 126% compared with the same period of last year, and the market was extremely hot. At present, the demand for part-time talents in IT industry has accounted for about 25% of the whole part-time market, ranking first in part-time demand. Because part-time jobs generally appear in the form of short-term project work, the salaries of part-time IT employees are also rising.
Although the IT employment situation is excellent in 2005, the salary level will not be greatly improved compared with last year. Generally speaking, in the IT industry, there are many sub-sectors, and the salary levels of different sub-sectors are also very different, showing a state of high and low polarization and uneven hot and cold.
According to the survey of relevant institutions, in the IT industry, the monthly salary of 10,000 yuan accounts for a small proportion; If the monthly salary is 5000-8000 yuan, the communication equipment and mobile phone manufacturing industry accounts for 14. 3%, computer hardware industry accounts for 1 1. 25%, computer software industry accounted for 48. 75%, internet and e-commerce, electronics and microelectronics technology, telecom operators and service industries accounted for 25%. 6%; For those with a monthly salary of 3,000-5,000 yuan, communication equipment and mobile phone manufacturing account for 9. 7%, computer hardware industry accounted for 16. 8%, computer software industry accounted for 46. 5%, Internet and e-commerce, electronics and microelectronics technology, telecom operators and service industries account for 27%; If the monthly salary is below 3,000 yuan, the communication equipment and mobile phone manufacturing industry accounts for 4. 7%, computer hardware industry accounted for 26. 7%, computer software industry accounted for 35. 3%, Internet and e-commerce, electronics and microelectronics technology, telecom operators and service industry accounted for 33. 2%。
On the contrary, some IT employment highlights that will come out in 2005, such as network security talents, game talents, software testing engineers and researchers with strong demand, will have relatively high salaries. Taking online game talents as an example, the most lacking game designers, developers and programmers only need to have more than 2 years of relevant work experience; Master C or c++ programming, familiar with Win32/v c++ development platform or Lunix/Unix development platform; Familiar with TCP/IP, Socket programming or MySQL, Oracle database; Good object-oriented design, analytical skills and standard programming style; Personal works and good reading ability of English technical materials are preferred. The monthly salary of such personnel is generally more than 10,000 yuan, belonging to the "golden collar" family. In addition, game planning and art design are also popular positions. The monthly salary of experienced planners can reach 1 10,000 yuan, while the monthly salary of experienced artists can reach 20,000-30,000 yuan if the design speed and quality are good, and the monthly salary of ordinary artists can be maintained at 4,000-5,000 yuan.
As the saying goes: "The sky is high, the sea is wide and the fish jumps." As the largest industry in China, IT industry has great development potential. Under the favorable employment situation and a large talent gap, if you want to be an IT person, every job seeker has to rely on his own knowledge and ability.
Market situation of information technology training
With the development of IT industry, the IT training industry in China has also grown rapidly. Among them, personal IT training occupies a dominant position in the whole training market, and its healthy development affects the overall situation of China IT education and training market. Therefore, personal IT training has now become one of the focuses of the industry.
IT is reported that there are three training modes of IT talents in China: academic education, manufacturer education and vocational education. Academic education is a kind of quality education, emphasizing theory and system, but domestic academic education can only provide 50,000-60,000 people at present; Factory education is the pre-sale behavior of products, strictly speaking, it is not education, but business behavior, focusing on product and technical training; Vocational education pays attention to application and practice, and cultivates employment, skills and post talents. This is an applied education. However, apart from Beida Jade Bird and NIIT, China has never had a localized IT talent training model. Tsinghua University's "IT Engineer" T-type talent "Training Plan" is intended to fill this gap. According to reports, this training plan locks the standard of IT talents in "extensive theoretical knowledge and foundation+profound professional skills+rich practical experience". The joining of these training forces will also fundamentally improve the supply and structure of software talents in China.
Tsinghua's APTECH computer education and IT engineer certification training are typical representatives of professional universalism. Beida Jade Bird directly cited the Indian culture model, which developed rapidly, but there were localization problems. The training sent by Microsoft certification, cisco certified certification, Oracle Bone Inscriptions certification and other manufacturers has developed with the application and promotion of their technologies, and the situation can be said to be moderate. Driven by interests, this kind of training certification has exposed some "shady" examinations from time to time.
In fact, the training of the three major schools is for people with different needs, so there is no obvious competition in enrollment. Vocational general training is mainly aimed at non-computer professionals, including high school graduates, and can provide systematic "introductory" vocational and technical education for non-computer professionals. At the same time, according to the actual needs of students, some training institutions can also provide high-end IT training for basic students.
The training certification issued by the manufacturer is the ability certification of the technical users of the manufacturer, and the training of technical experts of a manufacturer's products is more oriented to the application of the manufacturer's products. Microsoft certification is the most representative vendor certification. This kind of training requires a higher starting point for students, and requires a certain grasp and understanding of the products and technologies of manufacturers, which makes some beginners feel unattainable. For the M C SE certification with the largest number of participants at present, the participants are generally users or ready-made users of Microsoft product technology. To get the MCSE certificate, if you attend a professional remedial class, you need about five days of classroom training, and the training fee for each classroom day is generally between 300-500 yuan, and you also need an examination fee of about 500 yuan. Of course, as mentioned above, there are many trainings below this price in the market, but consumers can't help but consider the quality of training provided by trainers when choosing.
Gao Xinmin, vice president of China Information Association, said that IT training and certification institutions are expanding their authorization centers at an unstoppable speed. This blind "enclosure" will disrupt the healthy development of the current IT training certification market and give opportunities to "black" institutions without training qualifications. IT training certification market ignores quality and only emphasizes quantity, which deserves attention. The more decentralized the authorization points are, the more difficult the management is, and the quality of training and certification will decline. Although education is also an industry, it is different from other industries and should emphasize social benefits.