Curriculum standards of various disciplines are the foundation, premise and foundation of good classes. The main purpose of the lecture is to let the lecturer know the content of the lecture before the lecture. Without the guidance of curriculum standards, the whole teaching activity will be blind and the teaching effect will certainly not be improved. Because, no matter what kind of teaching material you choose, it is only an "example" that embodies the spirit of curriculum standards. If you lack the awareness of curriculum standards and know nothing about the knowledge and ability goals stipulated in the new curriculum standards, you often can't jump out of the content of the textbook during class, and you are used to making a detailed analysis of some minor issues. This kind of lecture seems to be well organized, but in fact it is scattered and useless. In the process of speaking, we should lay a good foundation for curriculum standards from the following four aspects.

1. Establish modern education and teaching concepts and lay a solid foundation for "teaching well"

Teachers participating in the "lecture" must first have the latest educational and teaching ideas, and then highlight the innovative and developed educational and teaching ideas based on inheritance to keep up with the pace of curriculum reform and teaching reform. Teachers must understand and master the following knowledge points before giving lectures, so as to lay the foundation for a good class: under the guidance of the idea of all for students' development, all for promoting students' development, all for students' lifelong development and all for students' sustainable development, the teaching of various disciplines has been reorganized and reformed in the following six aspects. This is:

(1) concept update.

② Discipline construction.

③ Integration of goals.

④ Teaching unit construction.

⑤ Organization and implementation of teaching.

⑥ Teaching evaluation.

2. The outstanding changes in six aspects fully reflect the ten development trends of current curriculum reform and teaching reform.

① From sameness to paying attention to students' personality development and innovation. ② From knowledge instillation to students' autonomous learning and all-round development. ③ From a single mechanical classroom to letting students return to nature and social reality. (4) From emphasizing independent disciplines to attaching importance to comprehensive synthesis. ⑤ From emphasizing selection to promoting students' development, from factual evaluation based on test scores to performance evaluation based on students' all-round development. ⑥ From closed and conservative teaching to developing communicative teaching. ⑦ From emphasizing teachers and textbooks to emphasizing the integration of teachers, students, teaching content and teaching environment. ⑧ Emphasize the harmonious development of knowledge and skills, process and method, emotion, attitude and values in teaching. Pet-name ruby should be based on the development of students, and pay attention to the cultivation of students' personality, the development of potential, the cultivation of ability and the development of intelligence. Attending the transformation from simply preparing for further studies to promoting students to learn to be a man, learn to live, learn to learn and learn to work.

3. In-depth study of curriculum standards of various subjects is the basis of good classes.

Teachers must study hard and fully understand and master the requirements of all stages, aspects and levels in the curriculum standards. For the requirements put forward in the curriculum standards of various disciplines:

Foreword (the nature of the course, the basic concept of the course, the thinking of the course design).

(2) Curriculum objectives (general objectives, specific objectives, stage objectives, sub-objectives, knowledge and ability, processes and methods, emotional attitudes and values).

③ Content standard part.

④ Implementation suggestions (teaching suggestions, teaching evaluation suggestions, teaching material compilation suggestions, curriculum resource utilization and development suggestions). There are also appendices (such as description of learning objectives, explanation of nouns, cases, target verbs related to knowledge and skills, and reference table of students' ability development level).

You should be proficient in the above aspects. Only by deeply studying and thoroughly understanding the curriculum standards can teachers scientifically grasp and master the level and ability of all kinds of teaching materials. According to the teaching topic and closely combining the curriculum standards, teachers can tell how to teach this topic and why to teach it. Only with the support of scientific theory can teachers have a great demonstration role in teaching this topic, thus achieving practical and effective teaching goals.

4, interspersed with theoretical knowledge timely lectures.

It is the most important link to apply the theoretical knowledge in the curriculum standard according to the theme of the lecture and insert it into the lecture continuously. In the process of talking about curriculum standards, we should prevent the phenomenon of empty talk about curriculum standards theory, deviation from lecture topics and neglect of teaching practice; We should also pay attention to the problem that everything is mechanically copied and the reasoning is not in place in the process of talking about the course objectives. Talking about curriculum standards should not only reflect the height and depth of its theory, but also strengthen the combination of theory and practice, and more importantly, reflect the scientific, targeted and effective operation level.

(B) the teaching method of telling the truth

Teaching method is a means used by teachers and students in the process of teaching and learning in order to complete the teaching tasks and teaching objectives of a unit or a class. It includes not only the methods taught by teachers, but also the methods that students learn under the guidance of teachers, which is the integration and unification of teaching methods and learning methods.

Teachers should establish an unchangeable principle in the process of teaching methods, that is, in the process of teaching methods, teaching methods should always be "true" no matter how the class topics (textbooks) change, how the students' learning situation changes, how the teaching conditions of the school change, and how the teaching objectives of this unit or class change. This "reality" is mainly reflected in the following four aspects: first, it is said that teaching methods should integrate theory with practice; Second, teaching methods should be realistic; Thirdly, it is said that teaching methods should proceed from reality; Fourth, it is said that teaching methods should be implemented.

Teaching is regular, but there is no fixed law. It is important to make the right laws. In teaching practice, we need to work hard from the following five aspects before we can say that teaching methods should be "real".

1, explain clearly the teaching methods used in a unit or a class.

Generally speaking, what kind of classroom teaching methods will be adopted, mainly what kind of teaching methods, what kind of teaching means will be adopted, and what is the theoretical basis for adopting these teaching methods and teaching means. Talking about learning methods should explain what kind of learning methods are used to guide students' learning and cultivate students' abilities in the teaching of a unit or a class. Of course, the choice of teaching methods and the guidance of learning methods, including the training of knowledge, technology and skills and the formation of habits, are one of the important contents of modern teaching activities marked by cultivating ability and developing intelligence, and are an important guarantee for improving the quality of classroom teaching. Teaching methods The application of teaching means focuses on explaining the purpose and function.

2. Make clear what special teaching methods will be adopted in some special teaching contents or teaching links.

For example, in the teaching of a new learning content, in order to fully mobilize the learning emotions of all students, we often introduce game teaching method and competition teaching method into classroom teaching. Carefully design classroom questioning, divide all students into several groups, participate in questioning and answering questions by means of games and competitions, stimulate students' interest and motivation in learning, thus communicate emotional communication between teachers and students, and guide and control students' psychological intentions. When designing classroom questions, we should guide students to pay attention to: first, it is scientific; The second is systematic; Third, it is enlightening; Fourth, it is highly targeted; Fifth, accuracy, and sixth, hierarchy. Problems should be designed in the difficulties, key points, hidden points and nuances of teaching content.

3. Explain clearly how to adopt different teaching methods for students of different levels.

In today's education and teaching reform, we can never use a teaching method to deal with the ever-changing students with various personality specialties. We should find more and better teaching methods in education and teaching to meet the different needs of all students.

"Teaching" is for "learning". Teachers should teach students how to learn, and teachers should guide students how to learn. Therefore, teachers must jump out of the past inertia thinking and put the research on guiding students at different levels and adopting different teaching methods in an important position, and do it from the following aspects: ① Analyze the possible confusion and obstacles that different students may encounter when learning a unit or a class. (2) Make it clear in a targeted way, and focus on guiding students to master the learning methods in the teaching process. ③ According to students' age characteristics and cognitive rules, it is clear what kind of teaching environment and conditions should be created to ensure students to study effectively within 45 minutes.

4. Make clear the teaching AIDS to be used and their uses.

With the rapid development of modern educational technology, we should actively introduce this technology into classroom teaching, and at the same time use other teaching AIDS to achieve the purpose of effectiveness and benefit.

It is said that the teaching method should emphasize "four characteristics" and "handle four relations well"

The four characteristics are as follows: ① Grasp the nature of courses and the characteristics of teaching materials, and choose different methods according to different contents. ② Grasp the characteristics of different learning and adopt different teaching methods. ③ Grasp the characteristics of different teaching environments and conditions and adopt corresponding teaching methods. ④ Grasp students' age characteristics and personality characteristics, and choose teaching methods.

Handle four relationships well: ① handle the relationship between teaching method, learning method, practicing method and evaluating method, so that students can learn, practice, evaluate and teach from learning well and improving their learning. ② Deal with the relationship between teaching methods and teaching contents, so that teaching methods can better serve the teaching contents. ③ Deal with the relationship between teaching methods and teaching effects, so as to unify them, pay attention to actual results and ignore superficial forms. ④ Deal with the relationship between teachers' leading role and students' subjectivity, highlight teachers' leading role in teaching and attach importance to students' subjectivity in learning.

In short, we summarize the teaching methods as follows: ① We should talk about the choice of teaching methods and explain why we choose this teaching method; (2) Talk about why this teaching method should be adopted, and explain the basis in theory and practice; (3) Talk about specific teaching procedures. The focus of the above three points is the third question.

(3) accurate operation

Homework is an extension and supplement of classroom teaching, an indispensable means to review and consolidate knowledge, and an important link to cultivate students' autonomous learning ability.

Therefore, in the whole process of a high-level lecture, teachers must not lack the important link of "assignment". How to say that homework should be "accurate" in practice should be said from the following three aspects:

1. Give an example of homework.

Give an example of a topic assignment. Three problems are highlighted when assigning homework for this course: ① the amount of homework (the number of homework and the completion time); ② The difficulty and level of homework; ③ Complete the overall objectives and requirements of the operation.

2. Tell me about the theoretical basis for the assignment of 10.

① The direction is correct. The arrangement of homework should be carefully designed, especially in quantity, difficulty, preparation before homework and the connection between old and new knowledge points.

② Practicality of purpose. The assignment of homework is either to deepen the understanding of concepts, to be familiar with new knowledge, or to correct some mistakes. In short, it is targeted.

③ Highlight innovation. In order to cultivate students' innovative spirit, it is very necessary to start with the assignment. Guide students to come up with different methods flexibly and simply according to their original knowledge and experience.

4 sharp contrast. By comparing right and wrong, similarities and differences, horizontal knowledge and vertical knowledge, new knowledge and old knowledge, we can deepen our understanding of knowledge and promote knowledge to be mastered faster and better.

⑤ comprehensiveness. The choice of homework should not be omitted, otherwise it will bring irreparable knowledge gap to some students, and may also bury hidden dangers for him to continue his studies in the future. Therefore, teachers must master the characteristics of teaching materials and students, master basic knowledge, basic skills and basic abilities according to curriculum standards, and arrange homework more comprehensively.

⑥ Flexible and diverse. The diversity of students determines the diversity and hierarchy of homework assignments, which can fully embody the principle of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude.

⑦ representativeness. The selection and compilation of homework should be point-to-point and comprehensive, so as to cultivate students' ability to draw inferences from others, thus effectively eliminating the excessive homework burden brought to students for fear of omission.

⑧ Reasonable periodicity. According to the law of students' forgetfulness, the arrangement of extracurricular homework should be mainly based on newly arranged homework, and at the same time, the content of learning should be selected appropriately, so that students can store what they have learned firmly, and the amount of staged homework should be less, so as not to usurp the host's role.

Pet-name ruby knowledge system. The arrangement of homework should emphasize the integrity, coherence and systematicness of knowledge, and link the knowledge that students have learned before and after through homework to promote the integrity of students' learning knowledge at the stage.

Attending the appropriate variability. The arrangement of homework should be adjusted according to the changes of students' learning situation and other special circumstances.

3, tell the inspection measures and specific operation methods.

Without effective job inspection, it is impossible to achieve the expected job objectives. The examination and specific methods of homework are as follows: ① Conscious completion method; (2) parental cooperation method; ③ Students learn from each other; ④ Evaluation methods of teachers' in-class and out-of-class exams.

In a word, the purpose of assigning homework is to make the lecture complete, so as to achieve better lecture effect.

(D) Fine teaching procedures

The so-called teaching procedure refers to the systematic formulation of a complete teaching process for the teaching content of a unit or a class in a relatively fixed time. Shown in the time series of teaching activities, in layman's terms, it is the whole process of how to start, how to start and how to end teaching activities.

Teaching process is the key link of teachers' teaching, because only through the analysis of this process can we see teachers' unique teaching arrangements and fully reflect teachers' teaching ideas, teaching styles and teaching personality. Only by expounding the teaching process can we see whether the teaching arrangement is scientific, reasonable and artistic.

How can a teacher tell a scientific teaching plan design in clear and concise language? Through teaching practice, we think that the teaching procedure must be "seven refined".

1, oral teaching ideas

Teachers should analyze, understand and deal with the teaching materials very concisely, and explain clearly the basic teaching ideas of organizing teaching by what teaching means according to the students' reality.

2, said the teaching structure and level.

Teachers should tell the teaching process concisely and clearly, and tell the basic structure and main levels of design. The specific content only needs a general introduction, as long as the listener can hear clearly "what to teach" and "how to teach". Never follow the teaching plan and explain it step by step like giving a class to students.

3. Talk about the overall framework of teaching content and teaching process and the time arrangement of each section.

When teachers talk about teaching content and introduce teaching process, they should not only talk about the basis of teaching content arrangement, but also emphasize and explain clearly the theoretical basis of "why to teach like this" (including curriculum standards, teaching methods, pedagogy and psychology, etc.). ), at the same time, they should also explain the teaching time of each section of the teaching content to the teacher.

4, said in a teaching unit or a teaching content to break through the key points of the main link design, to solve the specific steps of teaching difficulties.

To complete the teaching plan of a subject, it is necessary to clearly explain how to break through the teaching focus and resolve the teaching difficulties, and to have corresponding teaching theories.

5. Explain the arrangement of bilateral activities between teaching and learning.

The essence here is to explain how to use modern teaching ideas to guide the teaching of this topic, which is embodied in the following four unifications: ① the leading role of teachers and the harmonious unity of students' main activities; (2) Harmonious unity of teaching methods, learning methods and practice methods; (3) Harmonious unity of knowledge transfer and intelligent development; ④ Harmonious unity of moral education, intellectual education, physical education, aesthetic education and labor technology education.

6. Explain what teaching methods are used to assist teaching.

The "essence" of this theory refers to when and where teachers use teaching methods to assist teaching, and what are the reasons for doing so.

7. blackboard design

When talking about blackboard writing design, teachers should tell the main content and overall layout of blackboard writing design, and explain its internal relationship with teaching content. The design of blackboard writing should be based on the teaching conditions of the school, combined with multimedia courseware, and the language of lectures should be "refined".

To sum up, lecture is a special form of teaching research, which is of great significance to teachers' classroom teaching. Teachers must be fully prepared before giving lectures and use scientific and effective methods, so that they can not only give wonderful lectures, but also constantly improve their teaching level and teaching realm during the lectures, which is conducive to wonderful classroom teaching.