1927, 10 year 10 on 23rd October, Mao Zedong led the autumn harvest uprising troops adapted from the "three bays" to Jinggangshan, where the armed regime of workers and peasants was implemented and the Jinggangshan Land Law was implemented, and the first rural revolutionary base area led by China was established. At the same time, through unity, education and reform, Yuan and Yuan were incorporated into the revolutionary army of workers and peasants.

By the end of February, 1928, Jinggangshan revolutionary base area included Ninggang County, northwest Suichuan, Yongxin, Lingxian and Chaling County.

1On April 28th, 928, Zhu De and Chen Yi led the rest of the Nanchang Uprising and the peasant army of the Southern Hunan Uprising to Jinggangshan and joined forces with the revolutionary army of workers and peasants led by Mao Zedong to form the 4th Army of the revolutionary army of workers and peasants. At this time, Zhu De was forty-two years old and Mao Zedong was thirty-four. 1928 After May, the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants was renamed the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants.

In 65438+February, Peng, Zhu and Zhu led the main force of the Red 5 Army to Jinggangshan and joined forces with the Red 4 Army. Since then, the base area has been continuously expanded.

1929 65438+ 10, the 30th regiment of gongsijun and the 32nd regiments of yuan and Teng, which were adapted from the army, stayed in Jinggangshan, under the command of Peng and Teng. Mao Zedong and Zhu De led the 28th regiment, 31st regiment and directly affiliated army of GongSiJun to attack Gannan, breaking the blockade of the national army.

1928 10 and10/month, Mao Zedong wrote "Why the Red Regime in China Can Exist" and "The Struggle in Jinggangshan", summarizing China's military and political struggle experience in this region.

"How long can the red flag last?" There are five times in the history of Jinggangshan:

1 and1in the winter of 927, Mao Zedong led the autumn harvest uprising troops 1000 people, and more than 700 guns went to Jinggangshan. Many people are pessimistic about the revolution. They ask, "How long can the red flag last?" Many people fled and defected, including soldiers, company platoon leaders, captains and teachers Yu Sadu.

2.1in March, 928, "Left" putschism rejected Mao Zedong's opinion, and Mao Zedong led the revolutionary army of workers and peasants to leave Jinggangshan and went to southern Hunan for a year-end riot. As a result, the year-end riots and the Jinggangshan revolutionary base area failed at the same time. At this time, many people lacked confidence in the revolution and asked, "How long can the red flag last?"

3.1In August, 928, due to the wrong guidance of the Hunan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, the 28th and 29th regiments of the Red Army rushed into southern Hunan, and the enemy took the opportunity to attack Jinggangshan, which led to its failure in August. Many people also mentioned "How long can the red flag last?"

4.1in the winter of 928, the enemy forces in Hunan and Jiangxi mobilized heavy troops to besiege Jinggangshan. The food on Jinggangshan is very difficult. The soldiers and civilians used Redmi, pumpkin and wild vegetables to satisfy their hunger, and wore thatch and straw to keep out the cold. Commander Zhu De had to take the lead in picky eaters down the mountain. Some people even asked, "How long can the red flag last?"

5.1in the spring of 929, the enemy forces in Hunan and Jiangxi "suppressed" Jinggangshan for the third time. Someone asked, "How long can the red flag last?"

Extended data:

brief introduction

Jinggangshan revolutionary base area was the first rural revolutionary base area established by China in the middle part of Luo Xiao Mountains on the Hunan-Jiangxi border during the Agrarian Revolutionary War.

1927 and 10, Mao Zedong led the autumn harvest uprising troops adapted from the "three bays" to Ninggang, and successively restored and established party organizations in Ninggang, Yongxin, Chaling and Suichuan counties, developed armed forces, launched guerrilla warfare, led farmers to fight local tyrants, established red political power, implemented the armed regime of workers and peasants, and established the first rural revolution under the leadership of the party.

Final results

1929, Zhu De and Mao Zedong led the main force of the Red Army to leave Jinggangshan to open up the base areas of Gannan and Minxi, and then expanded to establish the central revolutionary base areas.

1On February 24th, 930, the Hunan-Jiangxi Border Special Committee (just renamed the West Road Committee of the Southwest Jiangxi Special Committee) and the Red Fifth Army killed more than 40 Yuan and his cadres in Yongxin County, and incorporated the troops.

At the beginning of March, Yuan's subordinates Xie Jueming, Xie Yimou, Chen Cimou, Zeng et al. 16 jointly named Liu and Zhu Kaijuan as party member, and wrote a letter to Peng, forwarding it to the Southwest Jiangxi Special Committee, the Southwest Jiangxi Military Commission and all party committees, hoping that the superior would uphold justice and severely deal with the manslaughter incident.

It is considered that it is extremely suspicious and painful for the special Committee to "set this trap" and surround "Yuan, Wang and others for execution" and "incorrect execution".

The letter implores that "we should give up communism and have no other followers", "if we are ordered, we will definitely work harder" and "we hope our superiors will understand our difficulties".

Under the leadership of his wife Xie Jueming and Wang's brother Wang Yunlong, the rest of the troops on Jinggangshan mutinied at the end of March. 1930. In early April, the Ning (Gang) Sui (Chuan) Frontier Corps was established in Mao Ping, with Xie Jue as the team leader and Wang Yunlong as the deputy.

Peace preservation corps, based on the former headquarters in Wang Yuan, recruited more than 200 regiments. Coupled with a batch of bullets allocated by the Kuomintang garrison in Ji 'an, peace preservation corps has expanded to more than 700 guns, and its strength is almost the same as that of the previous Red 32 Regiment. Peace preservation corps occupied Mao Ping, Ciping, Wujing and other mountainous areas, implemented militarized control among the Hakkas, and controlled the Hakkas in Jinggangshan area. Since then, the Red Army has failed to attack Jinggangshan several times:

1,1In April, 930, the third column of the Red Fifth Army was led by Party representative Liu, and the fourth brigade in Li Jukui was Qingshan.

2.1March 930 18. The Red Guards Company on the Hunan-Jiangxi Border was established in Xincheng. At the end of May, 1930, the Red Guards Company was expanded into the eighth independent camp of the Red Army in Shikou, with Xiaojiangshan and Qizishi as the camps, and constantly went out of Jinggangshan to fight the enemy.

193 1 year 1 65438+1 October 6th, the company commander Liu Zicheng ambushed and killed Xie Jiaoming and wiped out peace preservation corps1platoon. Wang Yunlong succeeded as head of the delegation. In more than a year, the Red Eight Battalion fought with peace preservation corps for dozens of times. The Red Army has never been able to gain a foothold in Mao Ping, Dalong and Wujing mountainous areas.

3. 1 In the middle of August of the lunar calendar in 933, the 17th Division of the Red Army, the main force on the Hunan-Jiangxi border, swooped down on Dalong and annihilated Wang Dongyuan1battalion. Kill the enemy's battalion commander Longzhen and Lin Cuihua, general manager of Jingwei Tuan Tuan in Ninggang County, and attack Huang Yangjie's feet. The 15th enemy division stationed in Dragon City dispatched four battalions for rescue, and the two sides fought fiercely in Tian Ge, killing hundreds of people each.

At the end of the month, the 17th Division of the Red Army attacked Mao Ping from Xincheng again. The enemy's 15th Division, which had been informed in advance, was waiting in ambush on the hill of Chikeng, causing great losses to the 17th Division of the Red Army, so it had to retreat to Xincheng and Yongxin.

5.1In August, 934, the Red Sixth Army Corps prepared to start the Long March, and sent the Fourth Independent Regiment of the Red Army, led by Liu, head of the Red Army, political commissar and Zhang Pinghua, director of the Political Department, to explore the road through Jinggangshan. Finally, I came back in vain.

Until August 1949, the 48th Army of the Fourth Field Army went south to Jiangxi and liberated Jinggangshan.

meaning

The establishment of Jinggangshan revolutionary base has ignited a single spark of "the armed regime of workers and peasants", completed the great strategic shift of China's revolutionary center work from the city to the countryside, embarked on the road of encircling the city from the countryside and seizing political power by armed forces, and opened up a new road. That China * * * strength is still very weak, the enemy is very strong, and the road to revolution is still very long.

This also shows that CCP has begun to mature and found the correct revolutionary road. It proves the rationality and feasibility of rural encircling the city.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-Jinggangshan revolutionary base area