Concession is a territory leased by the Qing government to overseas countries in the form of land, tax or labor services, and it is an important part of the Qing government's foreign policy. Because this concession was leased in the form of long-term lease, there was no restriction in international law during the Qing Dynasty.

"Leased land" is a short-term lease of land to foreign troops in the Qing Dynasty. Different from the Concession, the Qing Dynasty defined the rights, obligations and behaviors of these foreign forces in China.

-The reasons for the backwardness of the late Qing Empire are as follows:

Economic backwardness: In the late Qing Dynasty, China's economic level fell behind the West, and there was no modern industry, so agricultural production efficiency was low.

Political corruption: In the late Qing Dynasty, political corruption was serious, and officials abused their powers, which led to the bankruptcy of national finance.

Backward education: the backward education system in the late Qing Dynasty led to insufficient reserves of science and technology and talents.

Military backwardness: military backwardness, backward military equipment and low military quality in the late Qing Dynasty.

Rigid thinking: rigid thinking in the late Qing Dynasty, lacking innovative spirit and progressive consciousness.

Internal contradictions: The internal contradictions in the late Qing Dynasty were serious and people's livelihood was difficult, which led to social unrest.

The comprehensive influence of these factors led to the decline of the empire in the late Qing Dynasty, and finally led to the decadence of modern China.