First of all, the manned landing on the moon in the United States has made many countries disbelieve. Although the scientific research strength of the United States in the space field is indeed relatively strong, it is very difficult to ensure that astronauts stand on the moon in person. At the beginning, in order to compete with the Soviet Union, the United States also launched probes to the moon one after another. The United States is afraid that the Soviet Union will take the lead in exploring the moon, so the American government gives strong support to its space agency. Thanks to sufficient funds, the United States sent several astronauts to the moon, which is the so-called manned moon landing project.
Secondly, whether the American manned landing on the moon is true or not, the launch probe should be true. The Soviet Union once had satellites dedicated to exploring the moon, and all of them obtained relevant samples. However, the unmanned technology used by the Soviet Union is obviously different from the artificial landing on the moon in the United States. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the United States breathed a sigh of relief. Because no other power in the world can influence its hegemonic position, Americans have slackened their efforts in space exploration. With less funding from the US government, the natural progress began to slow down or even go backwards.
Finally, it is really difficult to achieve manned landing on the moon, because there must be no mistakes in the whole process. At the same time, the protection of astronauts must be in place, and astronauts should not go to the moon at will before they have experienced the exploration of the moon. Only after ground test and comprehensive analysis of the surrounding environment and conditions of the moon during the lunar exploration can astronauts reach the moon. Therefore, it will take some time to overcome technical obstacles and fully grasp the composition of the lunar environment.
To answer this question, we must first understand that period of history. The American landing on the moon took place in the early days of the US-Soviet hegemony. At that time, the Soviet Union had taken the lead in launching the first artificial satellite and completed the first manned space flight. The United States obviously lags behind the Soviet Union and needs a shocking blow to inspire the Chinese people, so there is the first American man landing on the moon, but the manned rocket developed by the Soviet Union has failed one after another. Analyzing the reasons, Soviet mathematicians calculated that the payload of Saturn V was not enough to send a huge manned lunar module into the lunar orbit according to the public data of Saturn V in the United States, and concluded that manned landing on the moon could not be realized with the technology at that time, but it was a pity that it was rejected by the top management and desperately developed a large thrust rocket, which led to the later orbital space station failing to develop the large thrust rocket needed for landing on the moon until it disintegrated!
It is impossible to build the International Space Station without Russian proton rockets, because the United States has no high-thrust rocket technology at all. The former Soviet Union can concentrate on doing great things and allocate national resources to rocket research and development. However, in those days, there were too many things that could not be done, and many Soviet scientists knew that they could not do it, so they had to bite the bullet and do it, otherwise the consequences would be very serious! Many people don't understand the payload of a rocket, thinking that as long as the rocket is big enough and has enough fuel, it can carry more loads. In fact, when the rocket is big enough, it needs to overcome the weight of its own fuel to fly, and it can't improve the payload! When China test-fired a certain missile, the range of several tests was not enough. Wang Yongzhi reduced fuel consumption by 600kg, and the missile hit the target accurately!
The United States is not. It is difficult for it to concentrate all the resources of the whole country on rockets and space flight. It is impossible for his Saturn V to get ahead of the Soviets at once. Moreover, Soviet mathematicians have calculated that the current rocket technology cannot achieve such a large payload. The United States is unparalleled in deep space exploration. Thanks to American radio technology, it is not difficult for the probe to fly to the edge of the solar system. The hard part is measurement and control. At present, America is far ahead!
In fact, the American landing on the moon was a prelude to Star Wars. Inspired by the moon landing, Americans dragged down the Soviet Union with the fabricated "Star Wars". When the former Soviet Union realized that there was nothing it could do, it was led by the United States from nuclear disarmament negotiations to the collapse of the Soviet building.
I believe it is true that no one in America landed on the moon and returned, but Americans didn't really land on the moon. The United States has collected a certain amount of lunar minerals on the moon, but it is far from reaching several hundred kilograms. There is also a question of live television. Does the live broadcast adopt digital transmission or analog transmission? At that time, the digital transmission bandwidth was simply not enough to play TV pictures, and analog transmission could not be transmitted from the moon to the earth. Dozens of kilometers of analog signals need a relay station!
This time, I carefully watched all the broadcasts of China's sampling process on the moon. Our process is very rigorous, especially seeing such a bright five-star red flag on the moon, I am extremely proud! In turn, I thought of the American flag when Apollo landed on the moon. In any case, the two are not the same, and the flag is still wrinkled. They seem to be playing a game.
Anyway, there were no people this time, but we really landed on the moon, no doubt! What happened to them? Is that flag flying on the moon? So easy, so many people, so many successful intensive landings on the moon, why did it come to an abrupt end after the disintegration of the Soviet Union?
In order to stop the long crowd, take out the "small step" of landing on the moon and play it again, and you can see it!
How come nothing happened! People can't help asking, did so many people "board" decades ago?
China doesn't believe or admit that the number of netizens who landed on the moon by Americans is staggering. It seems that our years of general education in science have failed.
This question is a bit humorous, as if Americans landing on the moon had something to do with us. American aircraft carriers have been built for 70 years. Why are we still so hard?
There are two reasons, one is that there is no money in the bag, and the other is that there is no one in the DPRK. Landing on the moon is a matter of burning money, with a unit of tens of billions. You can't touch it without some strength. The training of technicians is not like having children, but also a big problem. Our rocket technology today has not caught up with Mars V 60 years ago, so you will know how difficult the technology here is.
At present, few people in China can really understand China's world ranking in the field of science and technology, and the media as a whole is rather vague. For example, the recent nine chapters are very mysterious, but they are actually just an experiment.
Americans were able to land on the moon in 1969. First, they have the will: the Soviet Union took the lead in opening the first space flight of mankind, which gave Americans great stimulation and poured the power of the whole country into overtaking in corners. The second is ability: as the shoulder of the western world, backed by a rich talent pool and a developed economic foundation. In a short period of ten years, they have successfully landed on the moon six times, which is a short bright moment.
At the end of 197 1, at the moment when Apollo 17 waved goodbye to the moon, astronaut Eugene left this sentence: "I took the last step of mankind here, and I may not come back for a while, but I believe it won't be long." The sentence "not too long" has spanned 49 years!
On the one hand, the United States gave up exploring the moon. On the one hand, landing on the moon is a product of the cold war, with a strong confrontational color. Now that we have won the first place, there is no motivation to continue landing on the moon. On the other hand, the input is not proportional to the output, and the lunar exploration project has not found a business model that can support its sustainable development. It is difficult to support the huge continuous investment without return. In addition, the United States was mired in the Vietnam War and its national strength was weak. In the end, the lunar exploration project can only be terminated. The fanaticism is temporary after all, and the human space industry needs to return to the normal law of value development after all.
The wheel of history is rolling forward. This year, Chang 'e V realized the national flag display and returned from the earth, which surprised the world: China's lunar exploration project is reopening the window for the world to know the moon at close range!
The people of China have been full of affection for the moon since ancient times, and Chang 'e has entrusted the plot of China people's affection for the moon for thousands of years! Today, we are able and willing to spend nine days on the moon to find that dream. This is a comfort to the dead literati! "When will there be a bright moon? Ask heaven for wine! "
We hope that our lunar exploration project will last forever, so we must ask such a question realistically: how can we avoid giving up the road of lunar exploration when we go to the United States?
Now many people say that there is enough helium 3 on the moon, which can be used as raw material for nuclear fusion. But for now, the current round-trip cost of space technology is too high, and Musk's reusable rocket technology is unique in this respect. On the other hand, the current commercial nuclear fusion technology is immature. Americans have landed on the moon so many times that they have obtained hundreds of kilograms of moon soil and moon rocks on the front of the moon and went back to study. Finally, they chose to give up. The reason is self-evident. What is uncertain now is whether China's Chang 'e IV has made any new discoveries on the back of the moon!
We really shouldn't invest too much resources without discovering that the moon has great development value. Chang 'e V did not exceed one billion RMB. The Chang 'e-1 project, which started from scratch, took 1-2 kilometers in Beijing subway alone. Compared with the detector with hundreds of millions of dollars in the United States, it is a typical "small money to do big things".
It is inevitable for human beings to go out of the earth, and it is extremely possible to make a profit from going out of the earth. It is extremely harmful to stop exploring.
In human history, Zhang Qian hollowed out the western regions, opened the channel between the Central Plains and the western regions, refreshed China people's understanding of the world, and the Silk Road opened the prosperous cultural exchanges and commercial exchanges between the Central Plains and the western regions.
Columbus sailed across the Atlantic with a few leaves, discovered the American continent, delivered a steady stream of raw materials for western capitalism, opened up a dumping market for industrial products, and found fertile soil for the establishment of the United States.
Zheng He of the Ming Dynasty once came to the edge of the new window, only looked out through the gap, and then set off, although he led a huge fleet and drove Zheng He's treasure ship! And his mission is only to carry forward the grace of the emperor and find the lost royal family!
Now the vast space and uninhabited moon have potential benefits comparable to those of the western regions and the American continent? If displaying the five-star red flag on the moon is just to regain the pride and pride of some ethnic groups, and just to promote "what foreigners can do, so can China people", it is not much better than Zheng He! It is true that if we want to do it, we will be Columbus and Zhang Qian.
Many people say: If China people set foot on the moon for the first time, what should they say to override Armstrong's "This is one small step for individuals, but one giant step for mankind". In fact, no matter what rhetoric China people say, they can't surpass that year. The only thing we can surpass is that we are on the road where Americans stop! At the intersection where they gave up, they walked firmly! How many brave words, continue to open up wasteland and open up new possibilities for mankind, can not be surpassed!
Not cost-effective. What economic benefits can you get from landing on the moon? Mining? Travel?
It would be nice to develop an efficient and energy-saving spacecraft. Or the political situation of cold war competition will reappear, and if there is political need, it will land on the moon again.
Landing on the moon has always been very difficult. So far, only the United States has successfully manned the moon, and only China, the United States and Russia have achieved unmanned landing. Humans still use chemical energy as the main driving fuel, and the efficiency of chemical energy is very low. So far, this achievement has been very conspicuous.
The first manned moon landing was 1969 Apollo 1 1 of the United States, and it has been more than 50 years now. Because half a century has passed now, it is easy to give people the illusion that modern humans should take it for granted to land on the moon. However, this is only an excessive expectation of human science and technology. In fact, so far only a dozen countries and regions can independently manufacture aviation rockets, and among more than 200 countries in the world, only 1/20 has this ability.
The technological gap between different countries and regions is even beyond the imagination of ordinary people. India with poor industrial base can have more advanced fighters, not because they can build them themselves, but because they can buy them. Their own brilliant maiden flight has not been installed for twenty or thirty years, which means that they have fallen behind without mass production.
Few countries and the earth can successfully promote industrialization. At present, the regions with the highest industrialization achievements are actually North America (USA), East Asia (China, Japan and Korea) and Europe (EU countries). The industries in other countries and regions are relatively poor, so that some malaria-ridden areas in Africa cannot even produce mosquito nets themselves. Rocket technology is the best test of a country's industrial level, but there are only a few industrialized countries, so the countries that can carry out space activities are all in these major industrial zones.
There is a great technological gap between different countries and the earth in the world, but today's human energy pattern has not deviated from the last century, and even lasted for one or two hundred years. There are many sources of chemical energy, and the disadvantage of propelling spacecraft with chemical energy as fuel is poor propulsion. This leads to manned space flight being a very expensive project, affordable for a big country, or a relatively rich region. For a simple example, the construction of the International Space Station is led by the United States. It started in1990s, and was not put into operation until after 2000, with a total cost of16 billion USD.
Considering the cost of money and time, the construction of the space station may now be a 500 billion-level project. For many countries, this figure will be eliminated immediately. The United States achieved manned landing on the moon in 1969, but it also took ten years, invested hundreds of thousands of manpower, built a huge space project, and conducted many unmanned lunar exploration activities in the early stage, which was also a very huge activity.
Fortunately, the American family is very thick and survived. But in the whole Apollo program, manned landing on the moon is an activity with more input than output. It was not until later that humans were able to build space stations, meteorological satellites and navigation systems. That space flight achieved greater output. However, many of these outputs are not direct outputs, but are dependent on resources, agriculture, environment and other aspects, and they are long-term rather than instantaneous. Landing on the moon is still an activity with more input than output. Even with the current space technology, the launch cost is still relatively high. Although SpceX in the United States has reduced the launch cost to less than $2,000 a kilogram, the moon landing spacecraft will still start with 30 tons. You can calculate the launch cost. Due to huge investment and short-term output, most countries are in no hurry to land on the moon.
There are indeed technical reasons for the difficulty in landing on the moon. There are some differences between modern materials science and the fuel used when the United States landed on the moon in the last century, but it is not particularly big. The carrying capacity of a rocket is mainly to transport chemical energy itself. The actual carrying capacity of a 3000-ton heavy rocket is only100t, and the rest is the weight of the fuel itself. Under such circumstances, the launched spacecraft can certainly do less.
This issue has been debated for many years. Whether Apollo landed on the moon or not, only the United States has a clear answer. Some people abroad commented on Apollo's landing on the moon, while others denied that Americans landed on the moon. Today, it has become a reality to realize unmanned landing on the moon. Only with the current technology, no country has manned the moon again. It is conceivable that the technological level 50 years ago made manned landing on the moon almost impossible. Today, when the United States is leading the world in science and technology, there is no manned landing on the moon. Some people suspect that it is still possible for the United States to fake a manned landing on the moon in the late 1960s.
If foreigners want to prove the authenticity of Apollo manned landing on the moon in the United States, they can only wait until the country that will realize manned landing on the moon in the future, send researchers to the place where Apollo landed on the moon in the United States, and look for evidence that the world believes that the United States manned landing on the moon.
Why did China launch Dongfanghong-1 in 1970, and now African countries don't even have rockets? Technical barriers do not mean that you can eliminate them if you want to. Different countries and regions have deep technical barriers, and you will not be satisfied for a while.
In recent years, the voice of questioning the manned landing on the moon in the United States has become louder and louder. Some people think that it is incredible for the United States to achieve manned landing on the moon 50 years ago, while others question the manned landing on the moon on the grounds that "Americans first questioned manned landing on the moon". At least, these statements are illogical. Can other countries in the world explain that the US manned landing on the moon is fake? I can't. Most countries and regions in the world can't even build rockets. Does this mean that the manned landing on the moon in the United States is fake? I can't either, because these things are not in a logical chain, it doesn't mean that other countries can't. Ironically, the Chang 'e IV in China in 20 18 was once considered as a fake, which was impossible for our country and the whole world.
It is normal for different countries and regions to have a generation gap in technology. Nowadays, among the materials donated by the United Nations to Africa, there is a very important material. That's it. Many people think it has no head or tail, so I'll just say it. This material is a mosquito net. Africa is basically in the tropics, and the climate is suitable for mosquitoes to survive, and mosquitoes can spread diseases such as malaria. Africa is also the most important epidemic area for diseases such as Ebola. But some countries and regions in Africa can't even produce mosquito nets. You can't even produce mosquito nets, let alone rockets. ! Wifi is a common thing in the country where we live, but half of the people in the world are not connected to WIFI. Do you dare to think about this situation? The technological differences between different countries and regions are unimaginable to ordinary people.
Landing on the moon is never an easy task. First of all, it needs strong industrial support. Today, only three countries, China, the United States and Russia, have achieved unmanned landing on the moon. People think that countries and regions with advanced space technology, such as Japan, have turned to asteroids because they have been unable to land high-gravity objects. At present, the total number of Japanese rockets can't catch up with that of China in two years. In 20 19, China launched more than 30 missions, and in 2020, China launched nearly 40 missions, which is nothing compared with Japanese. Japan has also built a regional navigation system, named quasi-zenith, but this navigation system consists of only three satellites, and its application value is far less than that of Beidou in China and GPS in the United States.
What I mean by saying so much is that there is a technological gap between different countries and regions, and because of the size of countries, many countries actually don't need to engage in space flight by themselves, and they can't afford it. The European Space Agency, which is independent of China, the United States and Russia, has also completed some planetary exploration, but all of them were jointly carried out by Europe. Why don't they do it themselves? Because space is expensive, small countries can't afford it. Developed countries in Europe can't do it by themselves. How can poor and backward African countries afford it? Due to the technical generation difference and economic factors, space flight is only a toy of a few countries. As early as 1950, the United States gradually realized industrialization, and the former Soviet Union also realized industrialization at almost the same time, so they had certain technological advantages.
Not to mention that it was difficult to land on the moon 50 years ago, it is still difficult to land on the moon now. There are input and output problems here. Now, even if landing on the moon is still based on verification technology, it is still impossible to do space mining and so on. Therefore, space flight is mainly a reason why input exceeds output. Neither China nor Russia is in a hurry to land on the moon. In order to maintain its technological superiority, the United States put forward a plan to return to the moon, but it is impossible to achieve it in just three or two years. Today is different from the past. When the United States and the former Soviet Union competed in space, they could develop and launch manned rockets at any cost, but now they can't. The technology accumulation in the United States is still there, but it is not so easy to build a new type of heavy rocket with manned flight.