Pedagogy is a social science that studies the phenomena and problems of human education and reveals the general laws of education. Education is a social phenomenon widely existing in human life, and pedagogy is an activity to cultivate social people purposefully.

There are many educational problems that need to be studied in depth, such as the essence of education, the relationship between education and society and people, the purpose, content, methods and forms of education implementation, the relationship between them, the educational process, the subject of education, the educational system and management, and various educational theories and practices that embody China's characteristics.

Educational phenomenon is the external expression of various educational activities of human beings. There are three provisions:

(1) Perceptible and identifiable beings that have existed or are existing in reality at all times and in all countries;

(two) the form of educational practice or the educational practice being engaged in;

(3) Teaching and learning are the main forms of objective existence.

There are many kinds of educational phenomena, including ancient education, modern education and modern education in time, and family education, social education, self-education and natural education in addition to school education in the horizontal direction.