However, different schools pursue criticism and "liberation" of traditional education, emphasizing the use of critical theory and conducting educational research and analysis through critical research methods, which is the common feature of all schools of critical pedagogy. In a sense, the criticism of critical pedagogy is a position, an attitude, a rational pursuit and a methodology.
Representative figures: Bowles, Quintis, april, Jim of the United States, BouAudoul of France, freire of Brazil.
Basic point of view:
① Contemporary capitalist school education is not a powerful means to promote and realize social justice, but the root of social differences, discrimination and opposition;
The reason for this is that education and society are antagonistic, and what kind of society will have what kind of education, and it is difficult for the children of the lower ruling class to succeed in such an education system;
People have become accustomed to such inequality and unfairness;
The purpose of critical pedagogy is to "enlighten" them in order to achieve the liberation of consciousness;
⑤ The educational phenomenon is not neutral and objective, but full of interest disputes. We should adopt the attitude and method of practical criticism to reveal the interest relationship in specific educational life and make them move from unconsciousness to consciousness.
Extended data:
Critical pedagogy has gone through three stages of development since it came into being. Its basic understanding is "education should be politicized", its basic position is to stand on the side of the disadvantaged groups, and its basic method is class analysis. Critical pedagogy understands practice as a standardized political activity under the premise of the legitimacy of democratic authorization.
The above characteristics make it inextricably linked with other related schools. It can be said that the emergence of critical pedagogy is inevitable and its existence is reasonable, but the road to development cannot be smooth sailing.
Key points:
1. Education does not promote social equity, but the root of social differences and opposites;
2. Education reproduces the dominant social ideology, culture and economic structure;
3. Critical pedagogy reveals the interests behind seemingly normal educational phenomena, and makes teachers and students sensitive to the surrounding educational environment, thus "enlightening";
Education is never fair, so we can't study it with scientific methods, but with objective and critical thinking.
Critical pedagogy regards pedagogy as the practice of producing and legalizing a certain cultural and political form by culture, politics and power. It is the input of knowledge, power and ethics. It develops itself through constant adjustment and struggle, hoping to achieve the goal of social transformation and strength through a new educational method, and finally create a better human living environment.
Critical pedagogy pays attention to the history, culture, voice, introspection and action of all disciplines. In addition to refusing education, it has become a mechanism that only legalizes certain groups to make profits. At the same time, students who have been in a weak and silent position can create production and have more opportunities to participate in practical actions to transform the world.
Therefore, when expounding the position of critical pedagogy, McClaren explained it more incisively: "Critical pedagogy is to provide historical, cultural, political and ethical guidance for those who still have hope in education, so that they can stand in the camp of the oppressed without hesitation. Critical pedagogy is full of revolution. Since the essence of history is an open process of change and liberation is a real goal, then a free and happy world should have a chance to achieve it. "
"Liberation" is the theme of critical pedagogy. Jill believes that liberation is based on criticism and action. On the one hand, we should criticize those things that are restrictive and oppressive, so that educational problems appear; On the other hand, the reform action is for individual freedom and perfect existence.
Therefore, the liberation purpose of critical pedagogy lies in helping us understand how social relations are distorted and manipulated by rights and privileges, and at the same time providing conditions for overcoming alienation, bondage and oppression; At the same time, critical pedagogy "is also a form of practical learning, which includes being able to listen to other people's experiences to promote self-criticism, and then developing an operable discussion mode based on this criticism, thus establishing a promising and achievable life."
Of course, striving for liberation is not a blind power struggle or value opposition, but a comprehensive reflection and reconstruction of the oppressive relationship. The important foundation is the love and kindness for life, not the desire for power and control.