The new trend: transfer the school management right to enterprises and establish the "employment priority" system.
Not long ago, the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea submitted the Strategic Report on Promoting Vocational Education in Senior High Schools to the President. The promotion strategy of vocational education put forward this time is mainly to strengthen the cooperation between vocational high schools and enterprises and improve the employment rate of vocational high school students. The Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea has proposed that 400 of the 6,965,438+0 vocational high schools will be supported as junior high schools and vocational high schools.
In Korea, schools with a single major are called junior high schools, and schools with multiple majors are called professional high schools. At present, there are 2 1 specialized high schools in Korea. Although the number is small, it explores a new way for Korean vocational education. The curriculum of junior high school is closely related to the needs of enterprises, and commercial talents are specially hired as principals. For example, Kamei Electronic Technology High School hired a manager of LG Electronics as the principal and signed an employment agreement with the company for 65,438+000 students.
Zhongbei Semiconductor High School is a school specialized in training semiconductor equipment operators. The school has the most advanced semiconductor laboratory. The experimental equipment worth millions of won comes from social donations. The school also set up a "Hynix" classroom according to the employment agreement with Hynix (a world-renowned Korean semiconductor manufacturer).
In the new strategy, the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea intends to hand over the management right of expert high school to the management of small and medium-sized enterprises, so that they can make plans for the long-term development of the school and provide more support for the school.
According to the successful experience of junior high schools, the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea plans to gradually strengthen the cooperation between enterprises and schools. Specific measures include: establishing the information system of human resources demand in vocational high schools, and increasing the support of the government and enterprises to schools. The Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea will continue to increase professional high schools funded by government departments, mainly focusing on areas where human resources are scarce, such as cooking, overseas construction and social services.
In Korea, there is a comprehensive high school that provides both humanities education and vocational education in addition to various professional high schools and junior high schools. At present, there are schools like 187 in Korea. Due to their small scale, these comprehensive high schools cannot provide formal vocational education and have no proper teaching environment. Therefore, the Korean government is promoting the transformation of comprehensive high schools, and the teachers of comprehensive high schools will be diverted to professional high schools or ordinary public boarding high schools.
According to the promotion strategy of high school vocational education of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea, this year, the Korean government's funds to support the construction of vocational high schools will reach 654.38+00 billion won, of which 4 billion won will be used for teacher training and 20 billion won will be used to support the employment of vocational high school students.
At present, most students in Korean vocational high schools enter higher vocational colleges or universities for further study after graduation, and there is no second way to choose. In view of this situation, the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea intends to establish a "employment priority" system to encourage students to find jobs after graduation, start their careers in their own professional fields, and find opportunities to continue their studies in universities if necessary.
In order to help students find jobs first and then pursue further studies, the curriculum and subject focus of vocational high schools will be greatly adjusted, from the current traditional academic subjects such as Korean, mathematics and English to practical subjects, which must meet the employment needs of enterprises.
The Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea and the Federation of Industry and Commerce will jointly develop vocational ability tests aimed at the characteristics of vocational high school students to replace the existing tests that emphasize academic level. Vocational ability test can not only bring students a skill, but also provide reference for enterprise recruitment. In order to make the concept of "employment first" deeply rooted in people's hearts, the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology will provide more employment opportunities for vocational high school students after graduation. In addition, government departments will appropriately increase the number of posts and vigorously support the employment of vocational high school students.
(Author: Li Zhenying, Beijing Academy of Educational Sciences)
China Education News 2011February 22nd, 3rd edition.