1. Basic requirements: Do not play with fire. First, don't bring kindling such as matches or lighters; Second, it is not allowed to ignite at will, and it is forbidden to use fire for flammable and explosive materials; Third, it is not allowed to set off firecrackers in public places and throw lit firecrackers around. At the scene of the fire, primary school students and other minors should adhere to the principle of escaping first.

2. Fire treatment methods

If there is a fire at home, don't panic, and take corresponding measures in time according to the fire: if the oil pan catches fire while cooking, quickly cover the lid tightly so that the oil fire in the pan is extinguished due to lack of oxygen, and it is not allowed to be extinguished with water. When a fire breaks out indoors, doors and windows cannot be easily opened to avoid air convection and form a large-scale fire. When paper, wood and cloth catch fire, water can be used to put out the fire. When electrical appliances, gasoline, alcohol and cooking oil catch fire, earth, sand and mud and dry powder fire extinguishers can be used to put out the fire. If the fire is very big, you must report the fire immediately. When you are trapped by fire, you should take different methods to escape according to different situations. If you lean down, cover your nose with a damp cloth.

3. How to call the police in case of fire?

If a fire is found, the most important thing is to call the police, so as to put out the fire in time, control the fire and reduce the losses caused by the fire. The telephone number of the fire alarm is 1 19. This figure should be kept in mind. In any part of the country, the telephone number for reporting fire to the public security fire department is the same. According to this figure, 1 1.9 is designated as the fire safety day every year. You can't call the fire alarm at will. It is illegal to lie about a fire alarm and disturb public order. When there is no telephone, you should shout loudly or take other measures to attract the attention of neighbors and pedestrians, and assist in fire fighting or alarm.

4. How to get out of danger correctly in case of fire? In case of fire, correct and effective methods should be taken to save oneself and escape, so as to reduce the loss of personal injury and death:

(1), once threatened by fire, don't panic, calmly determine your position, judge the fire according to the analysis of smoke, light and temperature around you, and don't act blindly.

(2), in the bungalow, if the fire around the door is not big, should quickly leave the fire. On the other hand, you must choose another exit to escape (such as jumping out of the window) or take protective measures (such as soaking clothes with water, wrapping your head and upper body with warm quilts, etc.). ) before leaving the fire.

(3) If you are in a building, don't blindly open doors and windows when you find a fire, otherwise it may lead to a fire.

(4) If you are in a building, don't run around blindly, let alone jump off a building to escape, which will cause undue casualties. You can hide in the room or on the balcony. Close the doors and windows, cut off the fire road and wait for rescue. Conditional, can continue to water the doors and windows to cool down, in order to delay the spread of the fire.

(5) In a burning building, you should not use the elevator to escape, but take the stairs through the fire escape. Because the elevator shaft often becomes a channel for setting off fireworks after a fire. And the elevator may break down at any time.

(6), because the fire is too fierce, you must escape from the building, you can jump from the second floor, but you should choose a soft ground, and at the same time, you should throw bedding from upstairs to increase the buffer of the ground, and then slide down the window to minimize the falling height and let your feet land first.

(7) If you are sure, you can tie one end of the rope (or tear it with a piece of cloth) to the window frame, and then slide down the ground along the rope.

(8) When escaping, try to take protective measures, such as covering your nose and mouth with a wet towel and wrapping your body with wet clothes.

Children's safety education knowledge Part II

1, traffic safety education.

According to the statistics of relevant departments, there is a traffic accident every 50 seconds on average, and one person dies in a traffic accident every 2 minutes and 40 seconds on average. What is even more distressing is that children who died in traffic accidents accounted for 10% of the total number of traffic accident deaths in the whole year, and there is an increasing trend year by year. Therefore, traffic safety education for children can not be ignored. Traffic safety education mainly includes the following aspects: ① Understand the basic traffic rules, such as "stop at a red light, go green", pedestrians should walk on the sidewalk and walk on the right in the street, and don't play football, scooters, run, play games or cross the road. ② Know traffic signs, such as traffic lights and crosswalks, and know the significance and function of these traffic signs. ③ Educate children to have a sense of traffic safety from an early age and form a good habit of obeying traffic rules. When educating children about traffic safety, you can choose some children's songs or stories to increase the interest.

2. Fire safety education.

Children's fire safety education mainly includes: ① Let children know the dangers of playing with fire. 3 Let children master simple self-help skills. For example, teach children to escape from the fire scene immediately in case of fire, and tell the nearby adults in time. When there is a fire and you are surrounded by smoke, cover your nose and mouth with a smoke mask or a wet towel, and immediately lie on the ground and crawl under the smoke. (3) Take the children to visit the fire brigade and watch the drills of the fire fighters. Please ask the members of the fire prevention team to introduce the cause of the fire, the function of the fire truck, the use of the fire extinguisher and the matters needing attention when using it. In addition, fire evacuation drills can be conducted to determine the safe evacuation route of each class in advance, so that children can be familiar with every passage of the kindergarten, so that when a fire breaks out, they can act in unison under the command of the teacher, evacuate safely and leave the fire site quickly.

3, food hygiene and safety education.

Most children like to eat snacks and put all kinds of things in their mouths, which is easy to cause food poisoning. In addition to ensuring the hygiene of food procurement, storage and cooking, kindergartens should also educate children not to eat rotten and smelly food. The kindergarten eats toxic and harmful substances by mistake. For example, all kinds of colorful rodenticides placed in the garden, disinfectants mistakenly placed in beverage bottles due to the mistakes of teachers and staff, and so on. May be eaten by children. Therefore, teachers and staff should educate children not to eat or drink unknown substances at ordinary times. In addition, most of the drugs taken by children at present are beautiful in appearance and good in taste, which are deeply loved by children; Some children even eat medicine as a snack. Therefore, it is necessary to educate children not to take medicine casually. Once they want to take medicine, they must follow the doctor's instructions and take it under the guidance of adults. Another aspect of food safety education is the cultivation of eating habits. For example, educate children to blow before eating hot soup or drinking boiled water to avoid burns; Pick the fishbone clean when eating fish to avoid the fishbone getting stuck in the throat; Don't laugh and play while eating, so as to avoid food entering the trachea and so on.

4. Education on preventing electric shock and drowning.

Electric shock is a common accidental injury in daily life, and the number of children killed by electric shock accounts for 10.6% of the total number of accidental deaths of children. To educate children to prevent electric shock, we should first tell them not to play with electrical appliances casually, not to pull wires indiscriminately, not to cut wires with scissors, not to carve wires with a knife, not to plug wires into power sockets, and so on. Secondly, we should tell young children that in the event of an electric shock accident, they should not pull the electric shock child with their hands, but cut off the power supply in time, or connect the wires with non-conductive things such as dry bamboo poles. The proportion of children drowning in accidental deaths. Educate children not to drown. First, tell them not to play by the river privately. Second, you can't put your face in the water; Third, you can't swim in the river without permission; Fourth, when a companion falls into the water, he should call an adult to rescue him in time.

5, kindergarten toy safety education.

Games are children's nature, and toys are children's favorite. Children play with toys in the park almost half the day. Therefore, it is very important to educate children about toy safety. Children should have different safety requirements when playing with different toys. For example, when playing large toy slides, children should be educated not to be crowded. Before the child in front slides to the finish line and leaves, the child behind can't slide down. When playing swing frame, pay attention to sit still and tighten the swing rope on both sides with both hands; When playing the seesaw, you should not only sit still, but also grasp the handrail with both hands; Wait; When playing with a medium-sized toy game stick, don't hit other children's bodies, especially their heads; When playing with small toy glass balls, don't put them in your mouth, ears or nose to avoid injury.

6. Children's life safety education.

This kind of safety education must be carried out simultaneously with the cooperation of the family. For the safety of children, adults should educate children not to carry sharp instruments, such as small scissors. Sports and games should be orderly, not crowded or pushed; When there is no adult's care, you can't jump from a high place or jump from a low place. Tell children not to climb trees, walls or windowsills. Don't slide down the handrail. When pushing the door, push the door frame, not the glass, and don't put your hand under the door. Don't walk back and forth in the car when riding, and don't stick your hands and head out of the window. Go up and down the stairs to the right, don't push. Don't trust strangers, don't go with strangers without permission, and so on. Tell your child at home that when he is alone at home and a stranger calls, he will not open the door casually; Don't turn on household appliances at will, especially electric irons and heaters; Don't play with wires and sockets; Don't play alone *; Don't tease snakes, centipedes, scorpions, wasps, caterpillars, dogs and other animals; Don't stand under the big tree when it thunders and lightning, and so on.

Children's safety education knowledge Part III

First of all, the danger of climbing

1. Never climb high walls or fences, because you are still young. Climb high, balance is not easy to grasp, easy to fall and get hurt. In addition, the tops of many fences are mostly sharp iron thorns or broken glass. You will be stabbed if you are not careful when climbing.

2. Don't climb high places without safety facilities, such as hillsides and cliffs. Once you slip or fall, you will break your arm or leg and bleed. In severe cases, you will be fractured, paralyzed and even life-threatening.

3. In the process of climbing, if the grasped object suddenly loosens, you will fall from a height or be injured by the falling thing.

When you see other friends climbing the mountain, you must discourage them in time. If he doesn't listen to advice, he should tell an adult as soon as possible and stop this behavior.

Second, outdoor safety supplies

(1) Educate children not to regress.

1, tell the child that when he slides backwards, his head will land first, so that all the impact of sliding down will be borne by his head. Coupled with the violent impact with the ground, it will cause a concussion, but it will scratch the scalp and cause a lot of bleeding.

2. Tell children that their bone tissue is soft and deformed under the action of external force. When children slide backwards, the cervical vertebrae will be severely squeezed, which may cause the vertebrae to deform and affect the growth and development. It is suggested that the skeleton model can be demonstrated to children.

(b) Teach children how to swing correctly.

1. Keep the center of gravity stable and move back as far as possible. Because when the swing swings in the air, if the center is unstable, it may be thrown out again. Teachers can demonstrate and explain.

2. When sitting on the swing, grab the rope of the swing with both hands, as long as the rope keeps on, it will be safe.

3. When watching other children play on the swing, learn to dodge and don't be hit by the swing.

When the children are playing on the swing, the teacher should pay close attention to the children's movements to prevent them from falling off their hands.

(3) Teach children to cross the road safely.

1, teach children to know the crosswalk line: the crosswalk line is a sign on the road and a special place for pedestrians and bicycles to cross the road. Therefore, you can't cross the road from anywhere, only the crosswalk can cross.

2. Introduce the function of traffic lights to children. Let the children know that the red light stops and the green light goes; When crossing the street, look around. When you see a car, pedestrians have to give way.

3. Simply tell the children about the role of roads: roads are places where all kinds of vehicles and people walk. Don't stay or play on the road, otherwise it will not only affect the normal traffic of vehicles, but also cause car accidents, ranging from disability to death.

(4) Safety precautions for outdoor activities

1, educate children to dress neatly before activities, tie clothes in pants and tie shoelaces to prevent wrestling.

2. Educate children to know safety, understand what danger is and explain preventive measures.

3. Teach children to make their own toys by using movable appliances correctly.

4. Teach children not to carry out activities in crowded, potholed and damp places.

5. Educate children not to hide in unattended places at will in the game.

6. Educate children not to push, pull and throw things at each other in the game.

7. When playing with ropes, teach children not to put ropes around their necks.

8. When playing crawling activities, ask children to hold hands tightly when climbing, and don't push others.