At present, China has established 30 national marine nature reserves and 60 local marine nature reserves. China Marine Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Training and Education Center is located in the Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration. It mainly undertakes and implements the training and investigation of "South China Coastal Biodiversity Management Project (SCCBD)" jointly sponsored by Global Fund and United Nations Development Programme and implemented by China State Oceanic Administration.

I. Conditions for establishing a national marine nature reserve:

1, a typical marine natural geographical area, a representative natural ecological area, a damaged marine natural ecological area that can be restored after protection;

2. Areas with high abundance of marine biological species, or areas where rare and endangered marine biological species are naturally concentrated;

3. Seas, coasts, islands, coastal wetlands, estuaries and bays with special protection value;

4. Marine natural relics of great scientific and cultural value in this area.

Two, the protection of marine nature reserves can be summarized as the following categories:

1. Marine biological species: mainly rare and endangered marine species and marine economic biological species. Turtles, seals, fur seals and red corals are rare species in the ocean. In addition, amphioxus, barracuda and sea bean sprouts are also preserved ancient species. Protecting these marine life is an important task of marine nature reserves. Such as Guangxi Dugong Nature Reserve and Xiamen White Dolphin Nature Reserve.

2. Marine ecosystem: including estuary ecosystem, intertidal ecosystem, salt marsh ecosystem, mangrove ecosystem, bay ecosystem, seagrass bed ecosystem, coral reef ecosystem, island ecosystem, etc. Due to the high population density and frequent human activities in coastal areas, the marine ecosystem has been seriously damaged. Globally, coral reefs and mangroves are the most seriously damaged. In addition, other marine ecosystems, such as estuaries, bays, islands and swamps, have also been destroyed. Guangdong Zhanjiang Mangrove Nature Reserve takes mangrove ecosystem as the protection object. Coral reefs and their ecosystems are protected in Sanya Coral Reef Reserve, Hainan.

3. Marine natural historical sites: including marine geological sites, paleontological sites and natural landscapes. The task of marine nature reserves is to protect representative and typical landscapes, relics and relics with ornamental and research value. Tianjin 1992 established the ancient coastal and wetland nature reserve, aiming at protecting shell dikes, oyster beaches, ancient coastal relics and coastal wetlands.

Legal basis: Civil Code of People's Republic of China (PRC).

Article 129 If damage is caused to others due to environmental pollution or ecological destruction, the infringer shall bear the tort liability.

Article 123 If an infringer violates the law and intentionally pollutes the environment and destroys the ecology, thus causing serious consequences, the infringed person has the right to demand corresponding punitive damages.

Article 123 If environmental pollution or ecological damage is caused by the fault of a third party, the infringed may claim compensation from the infringer or the third party. After compensation, the infringer has the right to recover from the third party.